基于梯度功能的陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的设计

在分析水煤浆喷嘴工作特性和磨损机理的基础上,提出了梯度功能陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的设计模型.并对单向梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴的残余应力进行了有限元分析.结果显示,梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴内部的残余压应力能缓解喷嘴工作时的热应力,提高陶瓷喷嘴的抗热冲蚀磨损能力.     

梯度陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的残余热应力有限元分析

根据陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴出口破损和脱落的主要原因,提出了梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴的设计思想,目的是人为的在喷嘴的制备过程中在喷嘴的出口处形成有利的残余压应力,缓和喷嘴在使用中的拉应力,通过合理地设计梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴不同部位材料组分的分布,设计了两种模型：轴向梯度陶瓷喷嘴FGM-Z,径向梯度陶瓷喷嘴FGM-R,利用有限元法对两种模型进行了分析,得出：两种梯度喷嘴模型在出口处均形成了有利的压应力,特别是FGM-R喷嘴在喷嘴的整个内壁都形成了有利的压应力,通过比较,初步确定最佳模型为FGM-R陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴。     

梯度陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的残余热应力有限元分析

根据陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴出口破损和脱落的主要原因, 提出了梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴的设计思想,目的是人为的在喷嘴的制备过程中在喷嘴的出口处形成有利的残余压应力,缓和喷嘴在使用中的拉应力. 通过合理地设计梯度功能陶瓷喷嘴不同部位材料组分的分布,设计了两种模型：轴向梯度陶瓷喷嘴FGM-Z, 径向梯度陶瓷喷嘴FGM-R. 利用有限元法对两种模型进行了分析,得出：两种梯度喷嘴模型在出口处均形成了有利的压应力,特别是FGM-R喷嘴在喷嘴的整个内壁都形成了有利的压应力. 通过比较,初步确定最佳模型为FGM-R陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴.     

陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴温度场及热应力的有限元分析

采用有限元法对陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴温度场、温度梯度及其热应力进行了分析计算．根据水煤浆喷嘴的结构和喷嘴工作情况，建立了水煤浆喷嘴三维稳态温度场和热应力的有限元模型，确定了边界条件，分析求解得到陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的温度场、温度梯度和热应力．结果表明：在陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的出口端面存在较大的温度、温度梯度和热应力．根据对陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴磨损形貌、温度分布和热应力的分析，得出陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴出口处较大的温度梯度和热应力是导致其出现破损和脱落的主要原因。     

陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴温度场及热应力的有限元分析

采用有限元法对陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴温度场、温度梯度及其热应力进行了分析计算 .根据水煤浆喷嘴的结构和喷嘴工作情况 ,建立了水煤浆喷嘴三维稳态温度场和热应力的有限元模型 ,确定了边界条件 ,分析求解得到陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的温度场、温度梯度和热应力 .结果表明 :在陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴的出口端面存在较大的温度、温度梯度和热应力 .根据对陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴磨损形貌、温度分布和热应力的分析 ,得出陶瓷水煤浆喷嘴出口处较大的温度梯度和热应力是导致其出现破损和脱落的主要原因     

TiC涂层梯度硬质合金残余热应力分析

采用有限元方法分析有无梯度2种TiC涂层硬质合金的残余热应力,研究了残余应力随涂层及梯度层厚度的变化。结果表明:增加梯度层后,涂层内残余热应力的减小超过10%,合金中残余应力减小30%以上,表面残余应力也明显下降;随着涂层厚度的增加,涂层内拉应力大幅减小,剪切应力与等效应力略微增加,涂层梯度硬质合金的等效应力呈下降趋势;随着梯度层厚度的增加,涂层内残余应力减小,当梯度层厚度较大时,残余应力不再改变。因此,选择合适的涂层和梯度层厚度,涂层厚度一般为5～8μm,梯度层厚度控制在20μm左右,可以有效缓和残余应力,提高材料的结合强度。     

焊接残余应力梯度测试的试验研究

对压力容器焊缝两侧采用开槽释放残余应力、电测法测量残余应力梯度.测出残余应力沿垂直于焊缝的应力梯度和分布曲线.     

Si3N4／钢钎接时热应力缓和问题研究

通过碳钢与Ｓｉ３Ｎ４陶瓷钎接后残余应力的分析，论述了应力缓和材料的选择原则，对种类材料热物理性能进行了分析比较，选出一些能实际应用的应力缓和材料，通过纤焊实验，证实采用适当的接头形式能有效地防止钎焊裂纹的出现，提高了钎接接头的强度。     

陶瓷梯度耐磨涂层中残余热应力的有限元分析

运用ANSYS软件，对不同耐磨涂层试样中的残余热应力进行有限元分析，得出梯度过渡越多，涂层内的残余热应力越小。对实际工件耐磨涂层中的残余热应力进行分析，得出残余热应力主要集中在工件形状突变的地方，并对工件的设计生产提出合理建议。     

多频率超声磨削工程陶瓷表面残余应力特征研究

针对当前对多频率超声磨削特性的研究较为贫乏的现状,用X射线衍射法对工程陶瓷试件磨削表面的残余应力进行了测试,研究了多频率超声激励下工程陶瓷磨削表面的残余应力特征.研究表明,超声激励有助于陶瓷磨削表面产生残余压应力,在35 kHz频率附近,试件表面残余压应力达到峰值;在砂轮轴向产生的残余压应力大于砂轮主切削方向的残余压应力;砂轮粒度越细,磨削后获得的表面应力越小;ZTA陶瓷较之纳米氧化锆陶瓷,磨削后其表面的残余压应力值较小.     

Design and development of SiC/(W,Ti)C gradient ceramic nozzle

The idea of functionally gradient material (FGM) theory was used to design ceramic nozzle based on the erosion wear behaviors of the ceramic nozzles and the outstanding properties of FGM. The purpose is to reduce the tensile stress at the entry region of the nozzle during sand blasting processes. The design theory and methods of gradient ceramic nozzle were proposed. The physical, micromechanical, and composition distribution models of gradient ceramic nozzle were established. The optimum composition distribution of the gradient ceramic nozzle material was determined from the solution of the multi-objective optimization calculation by constructing the models of the composition distribution versus the structural integrity of the compact in fabricating process. Results showed that compressive residual stresses appeared at the entry area of the gradient ceramic nozzle. The optimized component distribution exponent p is 0.5. An SiC/(W,Ti)C gradient ceramic nozzle material was synthesized by hot-pressing according to the design result. Results showed that the surface Vickers hardness of the FGM-1 gradient ceramic nozzle materials was greatly improved in comparison with that of the other layers. Supported by the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20030422105), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant Nos. Y2004F08, Z2003F01) and the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-04-0622)     

Finite Element Analysis of Thermal Stresses in Ceramic/Metal Gradient Thermal Barrier Coatings

This paper studied the thermal stresses of ceramicl metal gradient thermal barrier coating which combines the conceptions of ceramic thermal barrier coating （TBC） and functionally gradient material （FGM）. Thermal stresses and residual thermal stresses were calculated by an ANSYS finite element analysis software. Negative thermal expansion coefficient method was proposed and element birth and death method was applied to analyze the residual thermal stresses which have non-uniform initial temperature field. The numerical results show a good agreement with the analytical results and the experimental results.     

ELASTOPLASTIC OPTIMUM DESIGN OF Ni/TiC FUNCTIONAL GRADIENT MATERIAL

The thermal residual stresses developed in a disk-shaped.Ni/TiC functionally gradient material (FGM) during its fabricationare investigated by an elastic-plastic finite element numerical ap-proach.Constitutive relations for the graded Ni-TiC composite interlayers between pure metal Ni and ceramic TiC are estimated by usingan effectiv-medium approach,and effective plastic strain and stressdistributions are computed for simulated cooling from an assumed fab-rication temperature.Analyses are performed for a fixed specimen ge-ometry and the graded region is treated as a series of perfectly bondedequal-thick layers.The restults are compared with those obtained by on-ly considering elastic material response to assess the effect of plasticityon the optimum fabrication design of the Ni/TiC FGM.It is demon-strated that the consideration of plasticity is of critical importance foroptimization of the metal/ceramic gradient materials.     

陶瓷喷砂嘴流场的有限元分析

根据喷砂工作原理和喷枪结构特征建立了引射段的自由射流模型,并以一种具体喷枪结构参数为计算对象。利用有限元软件CFX进行流场模拟分析,在此基础上研究了陶瓷喷砂嘴内的流场各种特性及其对冲蚀参数的影响,为进一步的研究陶瓷喷砂嘴的冲蚀磨损机理提供了重要的理论依据。     

基于气固两相流理论的陶瓷喷砂嘴冲蚀磨损研究

以气固两相流理论为基础,结合陶瓷喷砂嘴冲蚀磨损实验中得到的现象和数据结果,研究了喷砂嘴冲蚀磨损行为和影响因素,为陶瓷喷砂嘴的耐磨结构设计提供了动力学理论支持。     

Genetic Algorithm for the Thermal Stresses Optimum Design of Functionally Gradient Material Plate

Based on the thermal stress distribution for functionally gradient material (FGM) plates, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) method for the thermal stresses optimum design of FGM plate with computer technologies is given. The minimum thermal stresses combination distribution for FGM is obtained.     

镁合金表面热喷涂Al-Al2O3/TiO2梯度涂层研究

采用氧乙炔火焰喷涂法，在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Al-Al2O3/TiO2梯度涂层。利用扫描电镜和电子探针对涂层的组织形貌、成分进行了分析。采用热震法测试了涂层结合强度，并对涂层耐磨性进行了测试。实验结果表明：Al梯度层与基体及陶瓷涂层结合良好。涂层具有较高的硬度、耐磨性及抗热震性。     

陶瓷喷气纺纱喷嘴纺纱性能的研究

本文在消化吸收日本MJS—801型喷气纺纱喷嘴结构的基础上,并考虑了两级喷嘴在纺纱过程中的主要作用及气耗两方面因素,对喷嘴结构进行了优化设计,并采用陶瓷材料研制出了具有较高耐磨度的TJS—1型陶瓷喷嘴。经对TJS—1型陶瓷喷嘴进行纺纱试验及纺纱性能分析,其综合性能指标基本能达到或超过日本MJS—801型喷嘴水平。TJS—1型陶瓷喷嘴的研制成功对加速我国喷气纺纱技术的发展具有重要的推动作用。