心肌灌注显像剂~(99m)Tc-CPI和~(99m)Tc-CEPI的初步研究

~(99m)Tc标记的甲酯基异丙异腈(~(99m)Tc-CPI)是一种新的~(99m)Tc标记的心肌灌注显像剂,而~(99m)Tc标记的乙酯异丙基异腈(~(99m)Tc-CEPI)是一种可能用于心肌灌注显像的新的标记物。     

长链脂肪酸衍生物99Tcm-MAMA-(CH2)nCOOH的制备和生物分布

以短链二酸和N2S2类配体（MAMA）为起始原料，合成了4个长链脂肪酸衍生物MAMA-(CH2)nCOOH（n=14,15,16,17），通过与99Tcm-GH在沸水浴中加热30 min完成配体交换反应，实现了99Tcm的标记，其标记率均大于90%。正常小鼠的生物分布数据显示这4个标记物在心肌中均有一定的摄取（5 min时的放射性摄取百分数依次为5.73、5.52、4.82和4.03%ID•g－1），但血本底较高，而且血清除较慢，标记物能否参与脂肪酸尚需进一步研究。     

一种环胺的十一烷酸衍生物作为心肌显像剂的尝试

为了寻找新的心肌显像剂,合成了新的大环配体反-5,7,7,12,14,14-六甲基-N,N″-二(正十一烷酸)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂环十四烷(缩写为Teta-DUA)及其二乙酯(缩写为Teta-DUAE),并作了表征。采用氯化亚锡还原法将(~99m)Tc标记在Teta-DUA和Teta-DUAE上。~(99m)Tc-Teta-DUA和。~(99m)Tc-Teta-DuAE在小鼠心肌的最高浓集分别为0.09％I.D./心脏、0.90％I.D./g心肌和1.6％I.D./心脏、1.4％I.D./g心肌。     

^99mTc—MIBI制备反应热力学研究

报道了以MIBI冻干药盒制备~(99m)Tc—MIBI的反应热力学研究。结果表明,~(99m)Tc—MIBI的制备反应为吸热反应,反应热ΔH为339.2kJ/mol,升高反应温度时,~(99m)Tc—MIBI的标记率也提高。为使~(99m)Tc—MIBI的标记率大于90％,反应温度必须高于77℃。     

~(99m)Tc-LDL标记方法的改进及其动物体内分布

实验发现~(99m)Tc-低密度脂蛋白能浓集于肾上腺和动脉粥样硬化斑块,但核素锝与LDL结合较为困难。1985年,Lees报道了~(99m)Tc标记LDL的方法和在动物体内分布,我们在文献工作的基础上,讨论了影响标记率的各种因素,改进了Lees的标记方法,提高了标记率,并进行了在豚鼠体内生物分布的研究。     

~(99)Tc~m(CO)_3-BPHRGD的制备及正常鼠体内生物分布

制备了99 Tc m(CO)3-BPHRGD,并进行体内外生物学评价。在pH=7、75℃条件下反应30min,99 Tc m(CO)3-BPHRGD的标记率均大于80%,纯化后标记物的放射化学纯度大于98%;体外稳定性实验显示,在37℃时,标记物在生理盐水、胎牛血清及半胱氨酸溶液中具有很好的稳定性;正常小鼠体内生物分布数据显示,99 Tc m(CO)3-BPHRGD在血液中清除较快,主要通过肝肾代谢。     

肝胆显像剂~(99m)Tc(Sn)PMT、~(99m)Tc(Sn)PHT药盒标记、放化纯分析、动物实验及临床应用

本文介绍了~(99m)Tc(Sn)PMT、~(99m)Tc(Sn)PHT液态药盒(-30℃保存)和冻干药盒(4℃保存)的标记条件。两种药盒标记率均大于96％,标记后24小时内稳定。放化纯分析采用试管薄层层析法,该方法具有准确、重复性好、快速等优点。大鼠体内分布实验表明,~(99m)Tc(Sn)PHT、~(99m)Tc(Sn)EHIDA、~(99m)Tc(Sn)PMT具有血清除快,肝胆转运迅速,肾脏放射性低等优点。静注后30分钟,89％的放射性已进入肠道。家兔显像、静注后3分钟肠道出现放射性,5分钟胆囊显影。安全试验表明PMT是一种毒性极低的非常安全的药物。     

金属杂质对~(99m)Tc标记平阳霉素反应的影响

放射性核素~(99m)Tc具有理想的核性质,目前核医学界有85％左右的显像剂是用~(99m)Tc标记制成的。平阳霉素(PYM)的化学结构与国外博莱霉素(BLM)A_5相同,它和BLM一样对各种金属离子有不同的螯合能力。为制备肿瘤阳性显像剂,我们研究了~(99m)Tc标记PYM的反应。实验发现当电磁搅拌的玻璃外壳破裂时,产品标记率明显地降低,这可能是铁离子杂质的影响,我们估计铁、铝和钙等杂质的总量比毫微克级的锝(~(99m)Tc+~(99)Tc)量要大得多,为此研究了本课题。     

心肌显影剂——~(82)Br,~(125(123,131))I标记的ω-卤代硬脂酸的合成及快速标记

一、引言 自由脂肪酸做为心肌组织的重要能源可以被心肌从血液中有效的摄取。1964年Evans等首次提出并用实验证实了可以用~(131)I标记的长链脂肪酸做为心肌显影剂。此后,西德Stocklin和美国Poe等进行了大量系统的研究。近年来,用~(11)C、~(18)F、~(75)Br、~(34m)Cl、~(123)I以及~(123m)Te等核素标记的长链脂肪酸相继制得,并研究了它们的生理行为。研究结果     

~(99)Tc~m(CO)_3-IDA-FAC11的制备及生物分布

放射性核素标记脂肪酸作为心肌代谢显像剂可进行局部缺血定位及评价梗塞区心肌的活力。在SPECT显像药物中,锝[99Tcm]药物占有主导地位,因此,99Tcm标记的心肌脂肪酸代谢显像剂将有非常好的应用前景。本实验对象为二(N-乙酸)-十一烷酸(HOOC(CH2)10N(CH2COOH)2,IDA-FAC11),以[99Tc     

Preparation of Zn/TiO2 powder and its photocatalytic performance for oxidation of P-nitrophenol

Zn-doped TiO2 catalysts were prepared using a sol-gel method and characterized by XPS,UV-Vis, BET, XRD in this study. Under the irradiation of simulant sunlight, the photocatalytic activity for the degradation of p-nitrophenol was studied too. After irradiation for 2.5 h, the degradation percentage of p-nitrophenol could rise to more than 80 %. The results showed that the spectrum absorption band edge of Zn/TiO2 powder does not broaden obviously comparing with pure TiO2 powder. Zinc exists as Zn （11）. When calcined at 973 K, there is a new phase as ZnTiO3 in Zn/TiO2 catalyst. The order of photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalysts calcined at different temperatures for p-nitrophenol is 773 K 〉 673 K 〉 873 K 〉 573 K 〉 973 K and the photocatalytic activity of Zn/TiO2 catalyst calcined at 773 K is better than TiO2 catalysts heated at the same temperature, and outclasses that of commercial TiO2 catalyst. It also showed that the photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol follows first-order kinetics under the irradiation of simulant sunlight.     

Current status of radiation therapy for prostate cancer

Radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer has been extensively explored in the past. Along with the comprehensive understanding of the biology of prostate cancer and rapid advances in terms of technology, the out- come of treatment for the patients with prostate cancer has improved. The authors review radiotherapy as the primary treatment for the disease, with particular emphasis on the technological advances from both the radiobiological and radiophysics aspects. Nonconventional fractionated irradiation like hyper- or hypo-fractionation has been imple- mented in the clinic, the final results still need to be confirmed in the future. Technological advances like IMRT, IGRT, in the last two decades have significantly improved the delivery of external radiotherapy to the prostate. This has re- sulted in an overall increase in the total dose that can be safely delivered to the prostate, which has led to modest im- provements in the biochemical outcome. However, establishing the standard therapy for prostate cancer remains con- troversial. It is hoped that the next decades will bring continued advances in the development of biologicals that will further improve current clinical outcomes.     

The control system for SSRF injection and extraction

This paper introduces the injection and extraction control system design for SSRF,which is a distributed control system aimed at stability and reliability of the pulse power supplies,PPS(Personnel Protection System)and MPS(Machine Protection System).The hardware environment is mainly based on PLC(Programmable Logic Con- troller),and ARM(Advanced RISC Machine)is also applied for studying stability of the power supplies.WinCC and EPICS(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System)have been selected as the platforms of SCADA(Super- visory Control and Data Acquisition).For unifying the interfacing to the control computer,all front-end equipments are connected via Industrial Ethemet.     

水平管内含空气蒸汽强制对流冷凝换热模型研究

为研究含空气蒸汽在水平管内强制对流冷凝换热特性,基于对传热传质过程的分析,建立了管内为环状流与波状流条件下的流动冷凝换热模型。从潜热、显热和液膜3个环节对整个换热过程进行建模,最终得到计算局部冷凝换热系数的理论关系式。模型预测结果与实验数据的对比表明,二者相对偏差在±20%以内,验证了该换热模型的准确性与适用性。通过进一步的研究发现：从换热管入口至出口,随着冷凝的进行,管内换热主要热阻由液膜热阻向气液界面的凝结热阻转变;主流气体对流换热过程基本可忽略。     

Investigations on landmine detection by BF3 detector

Experiments were carried out to investigate the possible use of neutron backscattering for the detection of polyethylene (PE) sample buried in the soil. In detection of landmine by neutrons, the neutron detector and its shield play an important role. In this paper, the effects of graphite, heavy water, polyethylene and boric acid moderators on the flux of back scattered neutrons were investigated. We have also experimentally verified the effect of BF3 detector shield and obtained good agreement with theory.     

Web Services interface of SSRF archive data analysis system

Accelerator database stores various static parameters and real-time data of accelerator. SSRF (Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility) adopts relational database to save the data. We developed a data retrieval system based on XML Web Services for accessing the archive data. It includes a bottom layer interface and an interface applicable for accelerator physics. Client samples exemplifying how to consume the interface are given. The users can browse, retrieve and plot data by the client samples. Also, we give a method to test its stability. The test result and performance are described.     

Assessment of radioactivity levels in some oil samples from the western desert, Egypt

Distributions of natural gamma-emitting radionuclides were determined in 93 oil samples collected from some petroleum fields in the western desert of Egypt. The radioisotope activities in the area under investigation lay in the range of (21 ± 4) to (38 ± 13) Bq?L-1 for 226Ra, (9 ± 2) to (15 ± 5) Bq?L-1 for 232Th, and (154 ± 28) to (303 ± 54) Bq?L-1 for 40K. The mean values were 27, 12, and 201 Bq?L-1, respectively. Among oils, variations in radionuclide ac- tivities could be on account of differences in TDS, HCO3, and Ba, with high or low pH. In this environment, oil prop- erties differently affected the mobilization of natural radionuclides. The range of 226Ra variation had been compared with available data from other countries. The calculated absorbed dose rate ranged from 22.33 to 32.66 nGy?h-1 in lo- cation (B) and (E) respectively, which was less than the accepted value.     

Preparation and properties of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP in in-vitro and in small animals

In this work,TTHMP was synthesized and labelled with 117m Sn.The preparation conditions,stability and lipophilicity of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP were investigated.Biodistribution of the complex in rabbits and mice was studied.It was found that the quantity of TTHMP and pH value of the prepararion solution had vital effects on the labeling yield of 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP.It was also found that 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP was hydrophilic and stable at room temperature and 37℃ in open air 117m Sn(IV)-TTHMP showed unexpectedly high bone uptake and bone-to-blood ratio in the animals.This made it potentially useful as an reagent for skeletal scintigraphy and radiotherapy of bone tumors.     

The role of AGFA high-energy CR in the calibration and quality control of multileaf collimators （MLC）

Linear accelerators equipped with multileaf collimators （MLC） are becoming more common and are widely used in the intensity-modulated radiotherapy （IMRT）. There is an imperative need to ensure the commissioning specification of the linear accelerators for the sake of quality assurance （QA） and quality control （QC）. This paper is aimed to investigate the role of AGFA high-energy CR （Computed Radiography） in calibrating dynamic multileaf collimators and evaluating the accuracy of the leaf position. The result shows that AGFA high-energy CR can easily and conveniently be used to calibrate MLC and verify its position. Hence, the application of AGFA high-energy CR is proved to be an accurate and time-saving method for routine MLC QC, especially when MLC calibration adjustments are required.     

Gamma radiation levels in the ambient environment of the QNPP Base

Monitoring results of gamma dose rate level in 1992～2004 in the ambient environment of the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plants(QNPP)Base,the northeast of Zhejiang Province,are reported in this paper.It is shown that the gamma dose rate of five monitoring sites of 2.5 km to QNPP Base is 84～113 nGy/h,with an average of 96 nGy/h in the 13 years.The average value is close to the background level of 93 nGy/h prior to operation of the QNPP Base,and is lower than the monitoring result of 101 nGy/h at the reference site in Hangzhou City.Within 50 km from the QNPP Base,the cumulative dose rate of the thermoluminescent dosimeter(TLD)is 90 nGy/h,which is lower than the back- ground level of 111 nGy/h.