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引 言乙腈 -水构成恒沸体系[1] ,目前国内外多采用恒沸精馏生产乙腈或加盐分离乙腈 -水体系 .乙腈 -水 -氟化钾及乙腈 -水 -碳酸钾体系的液液相平衡数据的测定和关联还未见报道 .氟化钾或碳酸钾很容易破坏恒沸物 ,使其分离易于进行 .将氟化钾或碳酸钾加入乙腈 -水体系时 ,由于氟化钾、碳酸钾的盐析效应 ,使得乙腈 -水体系形成的两相中乙腈相中含有少量水和极少量盐 ,盐水相中含有极少量乙腈 ,使大部分水在盐水相中脱去 ,得到很高的分离因子 .本文实测了乙腈 -水 -氟化钾及乙腈-水 -碳酸钾体系在 2 5℃时的液液相平衡数据 ,用Pitzer理… 相似文献
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UNIFAC基团贡献法预测合成硝基麝香固液平衡 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
UNIFAC基团贡献法是目前流行的一种重要的推算相平衡的方法.应用UNIFAC基团贡献法研究了合成硝基麝香物系在乙酸乙酯、乙睛、环已烷等溶剂中的溶解度.通过麝香物系在多种溶剂中的二元相平衡的实验数据对UNIFAC交互作用参数进行了回归修正,并利用这些交互作用参数预测了大量麝香的二元、三元的固液平衡.与实验值比较,证明参数修正的结果是理想的,误差在允许的范围之内,能满足合成硝基麝香体系固液平衡计算的需要. 相似文献
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太湖流域人工合成麝香的分布调查研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用超声辅助乳化-液液微萃取和快速溶剂萃取技术并结合气相色谱-质谱方法,分析检测了太湖水样和湖底沉积物中8种人工合成麝香含量。结果表明,太湖流域人工合成麝香污染物主要有佳乐麝香(HHCB)、吐纳麝香(AHTN)、二甲苯麝香(MX)和麝香酮(MK)。其中水样中的平均浓度分别为15.5ng/L、10.2ng/L、1.82ng/L、0.648ng/L;湖底沉积物中的平均含量分别为0.812ng/g、0.476ng/g、0.0842ng/g、0.0249ng/g。太湖流域与国内外其他地区的人工合成麝香污染水平相当,有关部门应引起注意。 相似文献
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To evaluate the effect of two liquid phase on the separation of musks mixture, the phase equilibria of musk ketone musk xylene dimethyl sulfoxide heptane system were studied for the first time. The whole and every part of the phase equilibrium for the quaternary system were shown by three-dimensional phase diagrams, the liquid-liquid equilibria, solid-liquid equilibria and solid-liquid-liquid equilibria of the quaternary system were also shown. As a result, the compositions of musks in the equilibrium liquid phases were different from those in the feed, that is, musk ketone was enriched in dimethyl sulfoxide phase while musk xylene was enriched in heptane phase. So these equilibrium liquid phases were useful in separating musk ketone and musk xylene. On the basis of these results, a new process “two liquid phase extractive crystallization” was proposed to separate the eutectics of musk ketone and musk xylene. 相似文献
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1 INTRODUCTION Musk ketone and musk xylene are important syn- thetic nitro-musks. They are high boiling substances and subject to decomposition under the condition of heat and light. When they are melted, the liquid mix- ture is very sticky, which lead to high resistance to heat and mass transfer and difficulty in solidification. As a result, it is reasonable to employ solution crys- tallization to separate and purify musk mixture. As the basis of solution crystallization, the solubility … 相似文献
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The solid-liquid equilibria of musk ketone musk xylene, musk xylene 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-tert-butyl benzene are measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), these systems are proved to be simple eutectics. Moreover the melting points and the fusion enthalpies of musk ketone, musk xylene and 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dinitro-5-tert-butyl benzene are also measured by the DSC. These solid-liquid equilibrium data and the heats of fusion are reported for the first time. Then UNIFAC model is used to correlate the solid-liquid equilibrium data.It is shown that the solid-liquid equilibria of musk systems can be predicted bv the UNIFAC model. 相似文献
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人工合成已经成为麝香酮的主要来源,但由于原料供应和原料价格问题,许多合成途径都无法实现工业化生产。微生物法生产的长碳链二元酸为人工合成麝香提供了丰富廉价的原料资源,本文概述了以12-16碳二元酸为原料的麝香酮合成途径。 相似文献
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从酮麝香合成过程中硝化反应机理入手,选用硫酸作脱水剂,考察了影响产品收率的相关因素,提出了较佳合成工艺条件。 相似文献
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Olagoke Olabisi 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1978,22(4):1021-1028
The equilibrium volatilities and solvent–polymer interaction indices are measured for 23 solvents in molten polysulfone. On the basis of the results, the solvents are ranked in the order of their effectiveness: phenol, pyridine, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide, methylene chloride, cyclohexanone, chlorobenzene, dimethylformamide, fluorobenzene, diglyme, toluene, xylene, chloroform, sulfolane, methyl ethyl ketone, acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, dimethyl sulfoxide, decane, octane, and heptane. In determining the solvency power, the basic interpretative concept is that a large value of the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter indicates an unfavorable interaction, a low positive value indicates slightly favorable interaction, and a negative value indicates a rather strong specific interaction. Two other interaction indices, namely, the exchange energy parameter of Flory, X12, and χ*, the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter based on an hypothetical characteristic state, do not yield the same order as listed above. The data presented permits calculation of Henry's law constant and equilibrium volatilities at the temperature range of 250–300°C, a processing range for polysulfone. 相似文献
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以3-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚为原料,在相转移催化剂作用下,经过烷基化、硝化和结晶三步合成葵子麝香,研究了烷基化和硝化反应的反应时间、反应温度对收率的影响,对比了新工艺和传统工艺产品指标。结果表明,该方法所得产品达到质量标准,而且具有工艺路线简单,生产成本低的特点,同时也解决了复杂精馏的问题。 相似文献