建筑工程项目4D施工管理

本课题综合应用4D-CAD、工程数据库、人工智能、虚拟现实技术,研究开发建筑工程项目4D施工管理系统--4D-GCPSU(4D Management for Construction Planning and Resource Utilization).该系统通过建立建筑物及其施工场地布置3D模型与工程进度计划的链接和相关资源属性的集成,形成4D 施工模型(4DSMM ),实现了建筑工程项目的工程进度、施工资源和场地布置的动态管理,以及整个施工过程的可视化模拟,为提高施工水平、确保工程质量,提供了科学、有效的管理手段.     

建筑施工4D++模型与4D项目管理系统的研究

本研究将4D模型理论和相应的CAD技术应用于建筑施工管理领域,研究新的4D++施工整体模型(4DSMM++)及其相应的数据管理机制。通过建筑物以及施工场地的3D整体模型与施工进度计划相链接,及其相关资源的信息集成,实现施工进度、人力、材料、设备、成本和场地布置的动态管理和优化控制,以及整个施工过程的可视化模拟,为建筑施工领域探索新的管理模式和方法,提供一个新的信息管理系统。     

基于BIM的高铁连续梁桥施工过程可视化管理技术研究

为研究信息化技术在高铁连续梁桥施工管理中的应用,以跨新沂河连续梁桥为工程背景,基于BIM技术开展了高铁连续梁桥施工过程可视化管理技术研究。基于BIM技术参数化设计特点,完善了桥梁结构及施工临时设施的参数化族库,建立了施工场地和桥梁结构模型; 开展了钢筋的碰撞检查和施工过程的碰撞分析,优化桥梁的设计方案; 基于BIM模型,模拟了施工现场布置方案,形成了3D施工文档用于可视化交底,并将BIM与施工监测结合,实现桥梁施工监测布置方案的可视化; 针对传统施工进度管理模式存在的问题,开展了高铁连续梁桥的4D(3D+时间)施工进度模拟与施工进度管理研究。结果表明:采用参数化建模策略提高了高铁连续梁桥的建模效率; 基于BIM的施工全过程可视化模拟不仅有利于施工方案的完善,同时降低了施工人员的理解难度; 4D进度管理可实现材料、设备、场地布置和施工进度的动态及可视化管理,有效提高了现场管理的精细化程度,研究成果为高铁桥梁施工过程可视化管理提供了可靠的技术支撑。     

基于BIM的绿色科技施工

绿色施工是当今建筑施工领域的重要课题,BIM技术的应用使得精细化施工管理成为可能。结合工程实际,利用BIM技术,进行系统的3D深化设计和4D施工模拟,实现了施工方案优化和施工过程动态管理,避免浪费,一次成优,节约资源,利用科技手段实现绿色施工。     

青岛海湾大桥4D施工管理系统的研究和应用

为提高青岛海湾大桥项目的管理水平和效率,项目投资方与清华大学合作,通过研究青岛海湾大桥4D信息模型以及相应的信息集成机制,开发了"青岛海湾大桥4D施工管理系统",并应用于大桥工程的实际施工管理.该系统将桥梁结构的3D模型与施工进度计划和资源信息相互链接,实现大桥施工进度、人力、材料、机械、施工质量的4D动态管理和优化控制,以及整个施工过程的可视化模拟.本研究对于提高青岛海湾大桥工程的施工效率和信息化管理水平,取得了显著的成效.     

BIM施工综合管理平台

<正>PKPM BIM施工综合管理平台是BIM技术在施工领域应用的成果。平台基于目前最为流行的BIM技术,结合Project、PKPT等主流的进度计划软件,可根据用户不同需求,整合工程项目全过程信息,将施工场地及设备、设施的BIM模型与施工进度计划相连接,实现施工场地布置可视化和各种施工设备、设施的动态管理,有助于实现施工管理和控制的信息化、集成化、可视化和智能化。同时,平台实现了工程量计算与计价的双向数据衔接,当模型改动时能够实时反映工程造价的变化。     

机电设备安装工程多层次4D动态施工管理技术研究

为解决现有4D-CAD技术在机电设备安装工程中应用效果不佳的问题,文章针对机电设备安装工程庞大、复杂、多专业和系统性强等特点提出基于BIM的多层次4D模型及相应的动态施工管理方法,研究宏观模拟、微观模拟、系统示意图模拟和基于轴线的管道/管件渲染等关键技术,开发机电设备安装工程4D施工管理系统。实际工程应用表明,多层次4D模型及相应的动态施工管理方法适用于机电设备安装工程的施工过程模拟,可辅助施工方案优化和部门间的交流,对提高施工效率和管理水平有显著效果。     

基于4D-BIM的施工资源动态管理与成本实时监控

针对建筑工程施工资源和成本管理的复杂性以及工程建造成本超过预算现象,通过建立4D施工资源信息模型和系统开发,实现了施工阶段对人力、材料和机械等资源的动态管理和工程成本的实时监控,为提高施工项目管理水平和成本控制能力探索了新途径和方法。     

建筑施工平面布置技术的优化措施

对现有阶段的平面布置施工方案进行系统化的内容补充，对施工作业模拟、项目碰撞检查、进度计划参数信息化管理等提供技术支持，优化进度计划管理效率。为解决施工场地过于狭小、货物运送困难、未优化消防通道等问题，提出施工场地动态布置的解决思路，实现施工设施的优化布置。对推进现代化建筑施工平面布置具有重要意义，对建筑行业的发展和城市化进程的可持续性有积极作用。     

BIM 5D管理系统在车辆段的应用

基于BIM 5D管理系统,以具体工程为例,探讨了BIM 5D管理系统在车辆段的应用,包括三维场地布置、基于施工图纸的BIM模型建立、施工进度管理等方面,最后对该系统的管理效果进行分析,希望能为相关工程提供参考。     

Application of 4D for dynamic site layout and management of construction projects

Construction schedules and site space arrangement are essential to project management, as they directly influence security, machine running, material deployment, power distribution as well as construction progress and cost. There has been a strong need for more effective planning and management of site space and facilities. This paper introduces a 4D Integrated Site Planning System (4D-ISPS) which integrates schedules, 3D models, resources and site spaces together with 4D CAD technology to provide 4D graphical visualization capability for construction site planning. The features of 4D-ISPS are described in detail. The implementation techniques of this system are also discussed and a real life case is presented.     

Automated multi-objective optimization system for airport site layouts

Airport construction planners often face the problem of identifying optimal locations for temporary construction facilities on site, as the planned locations of these facilities usually influence important and conflicting planning objectives such as improving the efficiency of construction operations and maintaining safety on site. Careful evaluation of all feasible locations for temporary facilities and the selection of an optimal layout are needed in order to achieve these multiple important objectives. This paper presents the development of a practical automated system to optimize multiple conflicting planning objectives and provide all possible optimal tradeoff solutions among these objectives. The system is implemented and integrated in four main modules: (1) a comprehensive multi-objective optimization engine that integrates and optimizes construction work zone safety, construction-related aviation safety, construction-related airport security, and all relevant site layout costs; (2) a relational database that integrates planning data and stores all the generated optimal solutions; (3) an Input/Output module to facilitate specifying planning and optimization parameters and retrieving the generated optimal site layout solutions; and (4) a visualization module that communicates with external CAD software in order to support the visualization of the generated optimal site layout plans.     

步行交通在城市交通系统中的地位和保障措施

步行交通作为绿色交通的一部分,在高速城市化的过程中没有得到国内规划界的重视。在规划、建设与管理等各个环节中存在着步行交通系统连续性不够;对步行交通特征考虑不周;行人立体过街设施建设严重滞后;交通管理对步行交通缺乏保护。针对这些问题提出了科学规划步行交通系统;加大行人立体过街设施建设力度;优先步行空间设计;打造步行商业街区;加强步行交通系统的政府管制等一些保障措施。     

基于ISM+AHP的智慧工地建设影响因素分析

为提高智慧工地的建设水平,首先需明确其影响因素。在文献、案例学习的基础上,综合实地调研和专家访谈,确定了20项因素指标,应用ISM+AHP方法,识别因素之间的层次关系及影响力。研究表明,网络基础设施、数据应用能力和知识管理水平为最直接影响因素,网络基础设施、软硬件系统集成度、组织协同能力为最主要影响因素。最后针对高影响力因素给出建议,以期为智慧工地的建设及推广提供理论依据。     

BIM- and 4D-based integrated solution of analysis and management for conflicts and structural safety problems during construction: 1. Principles and methodologies

Strengthening construction safety analysis and management is of great social and economic significance. For a long time, however, there has been a lack of effective management tools in this important area that involves people's lives and property. Based on new developments in the Building Information Model (BIM), four-dimensional (4D) technology, time-dependent structural analysis, collision detection, and so on, a 4D structural information model is presented and established according to the overall solution of analysis and management for conflict and safety problems during construction. Based on this sub-BIM, the integration of dynamic safety analysis of time-dependent structures, conflict analysis and management of schedule/resource/cost, and dynamic collision detection of site facilities is studied, and theories and key technologies are discussed in detail. The results of this research provide a feasible theory and methodology for integrated applications of BIM. Furthermore, this study proposes a new approach for conflict and safety analysis during construction through the integration of construction simulation, 4D construction management, and safety analysis. The approach lays a foundation for the popularization of complicated theories and methodologies, and has theoretical significance and application prospects in meeting the needs of improving the safety level during construction.     

BIM- and 4D-based integrated solution of analysis and management for conflicts and structural safety problems during construction: 2. Development and site trials

In order to achieve the information-based integrated construction management, e.g., time-dependent structures analysis, schedule/resource/cost conflict analysis as well as dynamic collision detection amongst site facilities and main structure elements, an integrated archetypal system named 4D-GCPSU 2009 is developed. Through 3 project examples, it is verified that the integrated solution is able to assist construction managers or owners in the aspects of analysis and management for process conflict and structural safety problems during construction. The application outcome of the system is accepted and praised by users as they considered that the system functions and analysis results provide significant reference support to the approval and revision of construction proposals, increase efficiency and safety concerning building construction. They also point out some difficulties in practice. As for those difficulties mentioned, a series of solutions plus further development orientation are put forth.     

Application of 4D visualization technology for safety management in metro construction

Safety accidents occur frequently in underground metro construction due to its complexity. These accidents cause huge losses because most metro construction is located in the center of very congested cities. Therefore, safety management is a priority in the metro construction industry. This paper proposes an approach for safety management using visualization technology. Safety is integrated with the construction management process throughout the project life cycle. Information from the design phase about construction components and scheduling has been gathered to formulate a 4 dimensional (4D) model. Before construction begins, a rule-based tool analyzes this combined information, automatically detects potentially unsafe activities and conditions and provides instructions for correction. More importantly, actual site monitoring data are continuously compared to the 4D model during the construction process. Therefore, the safety status of related components can be continuously visualized in the system as conditions change and potential safety risks evolve. This paper presents a prototype which was developed and verified with a case study of a real project. The results show that the proposed approach can be a tool of collaboration, virtual analysis and prediction for designers, site project managers, safety engineers and other participants. With real-time safety status visualized, it can detect safety risks before and during the construction process and then provide preventive measures. Thus, timely decisions can be made to avoid accidents. This contributes to the success of safety management in the metro construction industry.     

4D dynamic construction management and visualization software: 1. Development

With the increasing complexity of modern construction projects, there is a pressing need on higher degree of assistance from computer in order to accomplish effective planning and management. This paper delineates the previous development and implementation of a prototype four-dimensional site management model (4DSMM), with the objectives to address the requirement for linking scheduling data to a three-dimensional computer graphics building model and to furnish the capability for planners to view graphic simulations of the construction process at any prospective specified date. Through the development and various real site trials in these few years, this prototype model extends 4D technology into areas of resource management and site space utilization, in addition to planning of building construction solely. In this study, a new information system platform, graphics for construction and site utilization (GCPSU), has been developed to implement the model 4DSMM. The characteristics of the prototype system, including the integration of dynamic resource management at the project level and decision-making support, and the underlying techniques, employed in the model to facilitate and tailor the construction management practice, are presented.