宽带LFM信号瞬时频率和二维到达角联合估计

针对非平稳的宽带线性调频信号(LFM),本文利用了对称阵元 分布(WVD)将原始数据投影到时频波束空间建立了一种新颖的具有分维结构的空间时频分布数据模型,然后采用Beamspace-ESPRIT算法、子空间投影法获得了信号瞬时频率和二维到达角的联合估计.仿真实验证明算法精度较好,计算量小,具有很好的实用性.     

时空欠采样线性调频信号参数及其二维到达角联合估计

针对宽频段(2-18GHz)内非平稳来波信号的参数估计和测向问题,提出一种时空欠采样线性调频信号参数与二维到达角联合估计方法。该方法首先用时域解线调方法估计调频斜率,然后在分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)域进行滤波,实现信号提取。利用参考阵元及其延时通道进行无模糊初始频率估计,通过构建FRFT波束空间阵列模型实现无模糊测向。数值仿真表明,该方法能够实现宽频段内多个线性调频信号的参数和二维到达角精确估计,在低信噪比下仍有较好的估计性能。     

基于MP分解的宽带LFM信号参数估计

将MP分解应用于宽带阵列信号处理中,提出一种针对线性调频信号(LFM)参数估计新算法.根据LFM信号形式建立过完备原子库Gf,其中原子参数由起始频率和调频斜率决定,将阵列参考阵元接收数据在Gf上作MP分解,获得各个信号的起始频率和调频斜率参数,从而得到宽带信号的具体形式;在上一步频率参数估计的基础上,根据阵列结构建立过完备原子库Gθ,其中原子参数由到达角决定,将阵列全部阵元接收数据在Gθ上作MP分解,实现信号DOA估计.新算法估计性能优于传统空间时频分布(STFD)方法,尤其在低信噪比、多信源情况下仍然有较高的估计精度.计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

宽频段相干信号三维参数联合估计的新算法

基于非均匀的L型阵列,本文提出了一种宽频段相干信号频率和二维到达角联合估计的时空二维处理新方法-WTSS(wide-band time-space smoothing)算法.该算法能精确地估计具有相同数字频率的相干信号的三维参数,无需多维谱峰搜索,具有计算量小,参数自动配对的优点.另外,在WTSS算法的基础上,利用L型阵列的特点进行分维处理,成功地实现了具有频率兼并现象的相干信号的三维参数估计.该算法能够并行实现以进一步增强其实时性.计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

一种基于高阶累积量的信号频率和到达角联合估计算法

该文研究了一种基于高阶累积量的信号频率和二维到达角联合估计算法。在分析了数据模型和M.C.Dogan等人提出的算法VESPA之后,本文给出了PRO-ESPRIT方法求解的VESPA.这一方法继承了高阶累积量抑制色高斯噪声的能力以及阵列虚拟扩展能力,用M个阵元的阵列可以分辨M1个空间信号,同时还可以实现信号频率和到达角的联合估计。数值仿真结果证实了算法的有效性。     

基于时频子空间的多分量宽带调频信号DOA估计

为在复杂电磁环境下实现对多分量宽带线性调频信号的到达角(DOA)估计,研究了基于时频子空间的到达角估计算法,对阵列接收信号通过二维时频掩膜滤波逐一提取各信源的时频自项,建立了空时频矩阵,运用子空间技术得到各信源的到达角估计,并与宽带聚汇算法比较,进行了仿真实验.仿真结果表明,由于充分利用了多分量线性调频信号的时频信息,在低信噪比条件下,宽带时频子空间方法比宽带聚汇算法具有更高的DOA估计的分辨率和估计精度.     

色噪声背景下宽频段相干信号多维参数联合估计的算法

基于非均匀的L型阵列和四阶累积量,本文提出了一种宽频段相干信号频率、二维到达角和极化参数联合估计的算法-CTSS算法.在色噪声环境下,该算法能精确地估计具有相同数字频率的相干信号的多维参数,无需多维谱峰搜索,并且信号的多维参数能够自动配对.另外,在CTSS算法的基础上,利用阵列的分维特点进一步处理,成功地实现了具有频率兼并现象的宽频段相干信号的多维参数估计.计算机仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频信号二维波达方向估计

 本文提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换(Fractional Fourier Transform,FRFT)的多线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)信号二维波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计方法.该方法利用FRFT对LFM信号的能量聚集特性,构造出一种新的分数阶傅里叶域的阵列信号数据模型,并利用MUSIC算法实现对多个LFM信号的二维DOA估计.仿真实验验证了算法的有效性.     

线性调频信号辐射源的唯方位跟踪

对宽带线性调频信号的方位角估计以及对这类信号辐射源单站跟踪问题进行了研究.算法通过对称阵元Wigner-Ville分布(WVD),建立了一种新颖的具有分维结构的空间时频分布数据模型,并利用Beamspace-ESPRIT和子空间投影法估计信号瞬时频率向量和到达角.在到达角估计的基础上,针对在直角坐标系中利用扩展的卡尔曼滤波器的唯方位跟踪法不稳定问题,采用了修改的极坐标,实现了运动单站对运动辐射源的稳定和渐进无偏的定位与跟踪.     

低信噪比情况下调频信号的瞬时频率估计

提出一种基于互Wigner-Ville分布(XWVD)的瞬时频率迭代估计方法.理论分析了该方法的收敛性,通过仿真比较了各种瞬时频率估计方法在噪声下的估计方差,证明此方法在低信噪比情况下对估计线性调频信号的瞬时频率有较好的效果.并采用加窗的方法改进了此算法,仿真结果证明,改进的方法对非线性调频信号的瞬时频率进行了有效估计.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks