不同梯度有机硒饲粮对羔羊肉及内脏组织硒沉积的影响

采用随机区组设计,选择滩羊与小尾寒羊杂交羔羊64 只,随机分为4 组,分别制备有机硒含量0.14（1组）、0.96（2组）、1.41（3组）、1.92 mg/d（4组）的饲粮。正式期60 d,每隔10 d随机选择参试羔羊2 只屠宰后,采集其代表性肌肉及内脏样品进行硒含量分析。结果表明：不同梯度有机硒添加量及日龄对羔羊肌肉及其内脏组织硒沉积量有显著影响,各实验组分别饲喂其有机硒添加剂日粮10 d,羔羊背肌、股肌及其内脏组织硒沉积量即可达到DB 61/T 556—2012《富硒食品与其相关产品硒含量标准》的标准;实验2组、3组和4组分别饲喂其有机硒日粮20～30 d,羔羊背肌和股肌硒沉积量即可达到DBS 42/002—2014《富有机硒食品硒含量要求》的标准。     

有机硒营养液对蓝莓营养品质和抗氧化作用的影响

文中探讨了喷施富硒营养液对蓝莓营养品质和抗氧化功能的影响。在蓝莓座果后期、膨大期叶面喷施有机硒营养液,通过分光光度法、凯氏定氮法、原子荧光光度计法及量子共振等方法测定蓝莓中主要营养成分、功能性元素及SOD活性,分析蓝莓富硒后的营养品质;用活性氧自由基荧光探针DCFH-DA(2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate)检测富硒后的蓝莓对H_2O_2诱发的细胞自由基清除率以及对小鼠抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明:施有机硒蓝莓浆果中蛋白质、可溶性糖、可溶性固形物、VC、酚、黄酮、硒的含量及SOD的活性显著高于施清水及无机硒组蓝莓,VE、花色素的含量也有一定程度的提高;清水组和无机硒组蓝莓的自由基清除率分别为10.34%和19.94%,有机硒组则高达27.49%,与对照组相比较,饲有机硒蓝莓小鼠的肝脏中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量降低了51.53%,血清中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性分别升高了45.93%及55.94%,无机硒蓝莓小鼠的肝组织中MDA含量降低了29.81%,血清中SOD和GSH-Px的活性分别升高了29.62%和38.02%,有机硒蓝莓对小鼠抗氧化酶的影响大于无机硒蓝莓。施有机硒营养液优化了蓝莓营养谱,提高了蓝莓对机体的抗氧化能力,且对机体肝组织氧化损伤有显著的保健功效。     

雪莲菌富硒条件优化及体外抗氧化活性分析

利用雪莲菌吸收和转化无机硒为有机硒,旨在通过优化富硒条件制备菌活性和有机硒占比较高的富硒雪莲菌。针对不同优化需求,确定不同优化指标,从而选择最佳的富硒条件。优化后富硒温度为28 ℃、富硒时间为24 h、亚硒酸钠添加时间为雪莲菌接种后3 h;通过摇床培养,进行梯度驯化富硒;以透析后总硒含量占比、生物量、富硒率（selenium enrichment rate,SER）和有机硒占比（organic selenium percentage,OSP）确定梯度富硒底物浓度为3、6、9、12、15 μg/mL。在最优富硒条件下所制备的富硒雪莲菌的总硒含量（total selenium content,TSC）为（2 194.41±58.49）μg/g,有机硒占比为（84.57±1.45）%。通过抗氧化活性测定发现富硒雪莲菌的抗氧化活性极显著高于雪莲菌（P＜0.001）。     

青稞籽粒富硒发芽条件优化及其抗氧化能力分析

采用响应面法研究发芽时间、培养液pH和亚硒酸钠浓度对青稞籽粒中有机硒含量的影响,得到最佳富硒发芽工艺条件。在此条件下,进一步对青稞籽粒发芽过程中抗氧化物质含量及抗氧化能力进行分析。结果表明:青稞籽粒最佳富硒发芽工艺为发芽时间48.00 h、pH6.00、亚硒酸钠浓度10.00 mg/L,在此条件下,青稞籽粒有机硒含量为1.572 mg/kg DW,为原料的17.46倍。富硒发芽可显著提高青稞籽粒中总酚、总黄酮醇、有机硒含量以及ABTS+自由基清除能力(p<0.05),尽管降低了β-葡聚糖含量及铁离子还原能力(FRAP),但与未富硒组相比,富硒可有效延缓β-葡聚糖降解。相关性分析表明,总酚含量与有机硒含量、ABTS+自由基清除能力,β-葡聚糖含量与铁离子还原能力(FRAP)以及有机硒含量与ABTS+自由基清除能力均呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),其他指标间呈负相关或不相关。本研究表明,富硒处理可增加发芽青稞籽粒抗氧化物质含量,有效延缓β-葡聚糖降解,增强其抗氧化能力。     

富硒益生菌及其发酵食品的研究进展

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一,在提高免疫力、抗氧化、抗癌等方面都有优良的功效,但无机硒存在一定的毒性,因此无法成 为理想的硒源。微生物具有富集微量元素的功能,能将无机硒转化为低毒性的有机硒,而一些益生菌本身也具有提高免疫力、抗氧化 等生物活性,并且富硒之后其抗氧化性、抗菌活性和抗癌活性等均显著提高,因此富硒益生菌应用前景广阔。该文主要从益生菌对硒 的富集与转化机制,富硒益生菌的生理活性以及富硒益生菌发酵食品方面的研究进展进行综述,为富硒益生菌的开发与富硒发酵食 品的生产应用提供理论支撑。     

两种梭柄松苞菇富硒多糖的制备及其降血糖和抗氧化活性研究

本研究以梭柄松苞菇为载体,亚硒酸钠为硒源,分析评价了在两种富硒培养方法(固体培养和液体培养)下,硒浓度对梭柄松苞菇的生产效率、富硒量、有机硒转化率以及单位干重中有机硒含量的影响。结果表明,在最适硒浓度条件下,固体培养时,每千克培养基可收获91.30 g子实体,富硒量达到69.8μg/g,有机硒转化率为92.60%,有机硒含量为64.63μg/g;而液体培养时,每升培养液可收获4.50 g的菌丝,富硒量达到199.50μg/g,有机硒转化率为84.60%,有机硒含量为168.78μg/g。同时分别测定了梭柄松苞菇的富硒子实体多糖(SFCs)、富硒菌丝多糖(SPCs)、未经富硒的子实体多糖(FCs)和菌丝多糖(PCs)的体外降血糖活性和抗氧化活性,结果表明SFCs和SPCs对硒元素的富集,可能是其降血糖和抗氧化活性高于FCs和PCs的重要原因,并且SPCs的降血糖和抗氧化活性均显著高于阳性对照。     

富硒大米肽体内抗氧化活性研究

目的:比较普通大米肽、富硒大米肽和硒代蛋氨酸的体内抗氧化活性。方法:将60只老龄(12月龄)雄性昆明小鼠和10只少龄(1月龄)雄性昆明小鼠分成7组(每组10只):老龄模型组(M组)、少龄对照组(YC组)、普通大米肽组(400 mg/kg·bw,Ⅰ组)、富硒大米肽组(400 mg/kg·bw,Ⅱ组)、硒代蛋氨酸组(2.5μg/kg·bw,Ⅲ组)、富硒大米肽+硒代蛋氨酸组(200 mg/kg·bw+1.225μg/kg·bw,Ⅳ组)和白藜芦醇组(10 mg/kg.bw,PC组),其中富硒大米肽组、硒代蛋氨酸组以及富硒大米肽+硒代蛋氨酸组中的硒含量一致,连续灌胃30 d。结果显示:与M组相比,YC组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组、PC组小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著提高(p0.01);YC组、Ⅰ组、Ⅳ组的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著增加(p0.05),Ⅱ组和PC组GSH含量极显著增加(p0.01);YC组、Ⅱ组、PC组的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著增加(p0.05);Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组的肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(p0.05),Ⅱ组的GSH-Px活性极显著增加(p0.01);Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组、PC组的T-AOC显著增加(p0.05);YC组、Ⅱ组的丙二醛(MDA)显著减少(p0.05),PC组的MDA极显著减少(p0.01);YC组、PC组的GSH显著增加(p0.05),Ⅱ组的GSH极显著增加(p0.01),以及胸腺、脾脏指数等指标均有不同程度地改善。其中所有指标以富硒大米肽组效果最好,抗氧化活性显著高于同剂量的普通大米肽,大多数指标也显著优于同等硒含量的硒代蛋氨酸组。结论:富硒大米肽中的硒与肽对增强抗氧化能力有一定的增效作用。     

绿豆富硒工艺研究

利用绿豆来对硒进行吸收和转化,制备富硒绿豆产品.通过比较绿豆的吸水率及萌芽率,确定了绿豆浸泡的最佳工艺条件为:亚硒酸钠浓度30μg/mL、浸泡时间5h、浸泡水温35℃、浸泡水用量为3倍于绿豆的重量.用荧光分光光度法测定了富硒绿豆产品的总硒和有机硒含量,结果表明富硒绿豆中总硒和有机硒含量随着浸泡时间的延长而升高,随着绿豆的萌芽时间的延长而降低.经过最佳浸泡工艺条件处理后,得到的富硒绿豆产品总硒含量可达到14.86μg/g,其中有机硒含量为14.77μg/g.     

富硒沼泽红假单胞菌G3 菌与牛初乳复配改善小鼠免疫功能的作用研究

目的：探讨富硒沼泽红假单胞菌G3 菌(简称富硒G3 菌)与牛初乳复配对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：将富G3 菌与牛初乳复配形成富硒牛初乳,用环磷酰胺构建小鼠免疫低下模型,对免疫低下小鼠灌胃富硒G3 菌、牛初乳和富硒牛初乳,50d 后测定各组小鼠脏器指数、白细胞数、T 淋巴细胞阳性率、血清SOD 酶活性、全血GSH-Px活性,同时计算平均每日进食饲料质量与体质量增加量的比值。结果：富硒G3 菌、牛初乳、富硒牛初乳均能提高免疫低下小鼠对饲料的利用率,能提高免疫低下小鼠SOD、GSH-Px 活性、白细胞数和T 淋巴细胞阳性率,其中富硒牛初乳高剂量组效果最为明显,说明富硒牛初乳高剂量组能显著增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

富硒菌C5对小鼠肠道菌群结构的影响

研究了富硒菌C5和双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊、地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊的益生菌制剂对小鼠肠道菌群的影响。将小鼠分为益生菌制剂组A组（三联活菌组）和B组（地衣芽孢杆菌+三联活菌组）、实验组C组（富硒菌C5组）和空白组D组,饲养4周后取小鼠粪便,PCR扩增细菌16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区,用Ⅰllummina HiSeq 2500进行高通量测序,利用QIIME2软件生成不同分类水平上的物种丰度表,对样品Alpha多样性指数进行评估和Beta多样性分析。富硒菌C5和地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊、双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊一样能调节小鼠肠道菌群丰度和多样性,Alpha多样性的ACE、Chao1和Shannon均有所升高（P<0.05）;富硒菌C5能提高小鼠肠道菌群中Firmicutes（厚壁菌门）和Lactobacillus（乳杆菌属）的相对丰度;降低Staphylococcus（葡萄球菌属）;提高Lachnospiraceae（毛螺菌科）中的Agathobacter（无杆菌属）的相对丰度（P<0.05）。富硒菌C5能够改善机体的肠道微生态,在微生物制剂改善肠道菌群健康方面具有一定的应用价值。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press