电能表的多样性

电能表种类繁多。从总体结构上看,它们都包含电源、电压和电流变送器、计量引擎以及计量通信方式,根据所选择的通信方式,有些电能表还需要数据管理功能。每一种电能表都要根据目标价格和目标功能来选择所用的组件。     

Development of the hybrid electric field meter for simultaneous measuring of vertical and horizontal electric fields of the thundercloud

This correspondence presents a development of hybrid electric field meter methodology. This particular field meter can simultaneously measure the vertical and horizontal electric fields of the thundercloud. The additional horizontal electric field provides the useful information of the direction of thunderclouds. The capability of the apparatus was experimentally evaluated and has been confirmed that it has the satisfactory sensitivity to both components of electric field. Additionally, an instance of observation results of the cloud-to-ground and ground-to-cloud lightning discharge has been presented.     

Spinodal decomposition in an electric field

Spinodal decomposition in an electric field has been suggested as a mechanism initiating the phase separation hypothesized for memory switching in amorphous semi conductors. Here, it is shown that density fluctuations lead to a change in free energy which depends on the direction of the electric field and, hence, should cause preferentially oriented precipitation. In addition, the rate of reaction is influenced by the change of polarization with respect to composition, a contribution which is estimated to be the same order of magnitude as the ideal chemical and strain energy contributions.     

宽频单相智能电能表的设计

基于智能电表具有宽频接收、数据的保护、报警功能、断电的显示、负荷的控制、防窃电功能、远程抄表系统等,且具有自动修正误差和自诊断的能力,为使普通电能表实现智能化,本文提出了一种基于ATMEGA16单片机的测试系统设计方案,并完成系统的硬件改进设计,实现数据的传输、费率的计算、数据的显示、报警、远程抄表控制,以使电表实现智能化。     

激光扭振仪调整、应用与误差

叙述了2523型激光扭振仪的工作原理及调整,分析了该仪器在应用中误差产生的原因及减少误差的方法.     

略谈电能表的发展及计量检定

电能表是重要的贸易结算计量器具,被广泛应用于日常生产与生活,计量是否准确与电能供用双方的利益有直接关联。下面从电能表的发展入手,探讨提出若干加强电能表计量检定的措施,希望能对更好地开展检定工作有所帮助。     

电力仪表在大型公共建筑电能分项计量中的应用

本文就主要针对电力仪表在大型公共建筑电能分项计量中的应用进行了简要的探究,通过对电力仪表应用案例以及选型方案来进行分析,总结出了在大型公共建筑电能分项计量中是以采用的电力仪表类型。而电力仪表本身所具有强大功能以及应用特点,都使得其在大型公共建筑电能分项计量中的应用范围不断扩展,希望本文的探讨能够为相关的人员提供一定的参考。     

直流电能表校验技术研究

在直流电能表作为一种日益普及的计量器具进入市场的今天,尤其是随着电动汽车应用的日益广泛,直流电能表的校验技术的研究也作为一个全新的课题成为当前的热点。基于以上背景,本文提出了一种全新的直流电能表校验技术,并通过实验与传统的直流电能表校验技术进行了对比,以实验数据证明了该方法的可行性以及比传统方法的优越性。     

前向散射能见度仪测量误差的理论分析

前向散射能见度仪(FSVM)是测量能见度的主要仪器.从测量原理和散射理论出发,推导出了FSVM的探测方程,以此为基础,采用模拟计算与统计分析相结合的方法,分析了由于气溶胶性质不确定性和仪器光电机技术性能变化两方面引起的FSVM的8类误差源及其不确定度值.结果及分析表明:现有技术条件下仅考虑光电机性能不确定性而引起的能见度相对不确定度为4%;气溶胶性质不同而引起的相函数变化以及忽略吸收效应是FSVM的主要误差源,考虑到气溶胶性质的不确定性,能见度相对不确定度可达28%;若能识别出气溶胶性质,对于单一的雾、乡村型气溶胶和城市型气溶胶,能见度相对不确定度分别为7%、9%和18%;相函数对散射角的变化比较敏感,由于运输、架设和使用过程会对散射角产生相当的影响,必须对散射角进行校准.研究结果对FSVM的使用、改进和校准提供了理论支持.     

电能表计量现状及其问题分析

随着社会经济的发展,我国每年用电量高达几亿千瓦,近几年内在世界用电量排名中始终排在前三位,且各种电能表的制造数量更是高达8000多万台。我国生产的电能表,不仅能够满足国内电能产业对电能表的需求,还可以出口到外国。作为与人们正常生活关系十分密切的电能表,如何确保准确的电能表计量是非常重要的。     

"笛奇飞"小型便携式场强计简介

美国笛奇飞（Digifield）牌场强计是新一代的射频测量仪表,是由美国I.C.Engineering公司生产的手持式场强计.它在以下所列工作中有出色表现：     

Photoluminescence of silicon nanocrystals under the effect of an electric field

The effect of an electric field on photoluminescence (PL) of silicon nanocrystals formed in silicon dioxide by ion implantation with subsequent annealing has been studied. Application of an electric field leads to an increase in PL intensity by ～10% at low temperatures and an electric field strength of 12 kV/cm and to its decrease at temperatures above 20 K. The increase in exciton PL intensity in an electric field is inconsistent with the model of recombination of quantum-confined excitons in nanocrystals. The effect can be described in terms of a model of recombination of self-trapped excitons formed at the interface between a Si nanocrystal and SiO₂.     

Electric current and electric field induced in the human body whenexposed to an incident electric field near the resonant frequency

The electric field and current density induced in the human body when this is exposed to electric fields near the resonant frequency, 53 MHz, are determined analytically. Since this frequency range includes an important amateur radio band of 50-60 MHz and exposure to electric fields at this frequency has been shown to be hazardous, the study has a specific motivation. A cylindrical model of the body is used to derive formulas for the total axial current and current density induced in the body subject to skin effect. Tabulations and graphical representations illuminate the results     

Energy spectrum of a nonideal quantum well in an electric field

The effect of an electric field on the energy spectrum of a quantum well with macroscopic fluctuations is studied. The Stark shift of the quasibound states in a quantum well and three field-dependent broadening mechanisms (field-induced homogeneous broadening and broadening due to well width and depth fluctuations) are calculated in a wide range of electric fields. As an example, the effect of an electric field on the energy spectrum of electrons in a 12-nm-wide GaAs/Al_0.3Ga_0.7As quantum well with 5% width and depth fluctuations is determined. Fiz. Tekh. Poluprovodn. 32, 1108–1113 (September 1998)     

电能表中的继电器防误动电路设计

针对电子行业各种开关驱动电路有各种微控芯片控制,由于电源干扰、端口状态等各种因素的存在造成误动的实际情况,介绍一种防止误动的设计方案。采用电源检测、电子开关、电子保护等电路实现精准控制。该方案简单实用,成本低,已在智能电表中得到应用,有一定的参考应用价值。     

轨道轮外形测量仪重复性问题的研究

为了提高轨道轮外形测量仪的重复精度,通过对测量仪测量过程各环节的研究,发现坐标轴的确定方法会影响最终测量结果,于是针对坐标原点的定位采取了几种不同的改进方案,通过综合对比各种方案最终采用对固定位置取多点坐标均值确定原点纵坐标位置,横坐标根据两个位置坐标均值来确定,兼顾两个关键位置的重复性误差,从而提高原点坐标的重复精度,根据不同算法在MATLAB中导入实验测量数据进行仿真,对比仿真结果证明采用的新算法改善了重复性误差。     

电能抄收掌抄机在电能数据核抄系统中的应用

为有效防范智能电能表的质量风险,确保电能计量的准确、公平,保障用电信息采集系统的稳定运行,设计了一套数据核抄系统,电能抄收掌抄机做为一种便携式电能计量设备广泛应用在核抄系统中。主要介绍黑龙江电力公司核抄系统的工作原理,并着重介绍振中TP850及TP900型掌抄特点、核抄程序功能、程序流程图及现场应用情况。     

电能表RFID智能化签封管理的应用

RFID,即电子签封,它是指通过无线射频方式来进行的非接触双向通信,来对目标进行识别和数据的交换。非接触是RFID的最大特点,可以很好的完成移动式读写和固定式读写的通信要求,目前有着比较广泛的应用。在电能表上应用,可以对电能表在各种条件下进行精准识别,获得正确的相应数据,从而实现对电能表的有效管理。基于此,对电能表RFID智能化签封管理的应用进行分析,希望给相关人员提供一定借鉴。     

Spontaneous emission of holes excited by an electric field in germanium

The dependence of the integrated intensity of spontaneous emission of holes in Ga-doped Ge excited by a pulsed electric field with the strength E up to 3 kV cm⁻¹ under uniaxial compression in the [001] and [111] directions with pressure P up to 12 kbar is studied. It is established that the emission intensity in a high electric field is controlled by the processes of excitation and relaxation of light holes even at P = 0. It is found that a substantial contribution to the emission is made by hot holes with energies much higher than the optical phonon energy in Ge. The spontaneous emission spectra of hot holes in a high electric field are recorded and interpreted for the first time. At P = 0 and E > 500 V cm⁻¹, the energy of holes is not limited by the optical phonon energy and the emission spectrum of holes in the range 45–85 meV exhibits a structure similar to that of the absorption spectra of optical phonons. This is indicative of the accumulation of hot holes on strong interaction with crystal lattice vibrations in Ge. The features of this interaction are discussed.