压力炒籽技术在生产压榨亚麻籽油中的应用研究

采用常压炒籽、微波和压力炒籽预处理亚麻籽并压榨制油,分析探讨了不同预处理工艺对压榨亚麻籽油的气味、色泽、理化指标、营养成分含量、DPPH自由基清除能力、脂肪酸组成及氧化稳定性的影响。结果表明:未处理及微波、压力炒籽预处理所得压榨亚麻籽油的色泽、酸价和过氧化值等理化指标均优于目前常采用的常压炒籽(170℃,45 min),压力炒籽所得压榨亚麻籽油具有令人愉悦的浓香风味;采用压力炒籽(1. 0 MPa)和微波(亚麻籽水分含量17%,700 W,6 min)所得亚麻籽油的营养品质较好,DPPH自由基清除能力较强,且不同预处理工艺对亚麻籽油脂肪酸组成影响不大;经过常压炒籽(170℃,45 min)得到的压榨亚麻籽油氧化稳定性最好,压力炒籽(1. 0 MPa)其次。因此,利用压力炒籽技术提高压榨亚麻籽油的品质是可行的。     

超临界CO-2萃取茶叶籽油

采用微波加热茶叶籽仁粉,用超临界CO2萃取茶叶籽油,探讨了超临界CO2萃取茶叶籽油适宜工艺参数。实验结果表明:在萃取温度60℃、萃取压力30 MPa,萃取时间100 min,CO2流量45～55 kg/h条件下,油脂提取率为94.1%,并测定了茶叶籽油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成。     

加工工艺对香榧籽油中挥发性物质组成的影响

旨在为风味香榧籽油的开发提供理论支持,考察了不同加工工艺（烘烤温度和压榨工艺）对香榧籽油理化指标的影响,并采用电子鼻、顶空固相微萃取-气质联用（HS-SPME-GC-MS/MS）等技术研究不同烘烤温度（140、150、160、170、180 ℃）和压榨工艺（螺杆压榨和液压压榨）对香榧籽油中挥发性物质组成的影响。结果表明：烘烤温度和压榨工艺对香榧籽油酸值影响较小,随烘烤温度的升高,螺杆压榨和液压压榨对香榧籽油过氧化值的影响不同,但不同烘烤温度和压榨工艺条件下制取的香榧籽油酸值和过氧化值均符合GB 2716—2018中的要求;电子鼻分析表明氮氧化合物、硫化物、芳香成分、甲基类物质对香榧籽油风味的影响较大;液压压榨和螺杆压榨香榧籽油风味最浓郁的烘烤温度分别为140 ℃和170 ℃;香榧籽油中共检出挥发性物质7类42种,其中萜烯类物质占主导;不同温度烘烤后液压压榨制取的香榧籽油中共有5种挥发性物质的相对含量发生显著变化,而螺杆压榨制取的香榧籽油中有18种挥发性物质的相对含量发生显著变化,柏木脑和香芹酮为两种压榨工艺共有的相对含量发生显著变化的物质。综上,压榨工艺会影响香榧籽油达到浓郁风味所需要的热风烘烤条件,且螺杆压榨相较于液压压榨,其风味物质种类变化更加丰富。     

炒籽温度对压榨亚麻籽油品质的影响

采用不同温度对亚麻籽进行炒籽并压榨制油,对压榨亚麻籽油的感官品质、理化指标及营养成分进行分析,研究炒籽温度对压榨亚麻籽油品质的影响。结果表明:随着炒籽温度的升高,压榨亚麻籽油的气味从坚果芳香过渡到严重焦糊味,色泽加深,在195℃炒籽45 min时形成热榨亚麻籽油特有的浓香型风味;营养成分如VE、总酚以及甾醇含量随炒籽温度升高而逐渐减少,在255℃炒籽45 min时,3种营养成分的损失率分别为75. 7%、76. 5%和88. 9%;酸价、过氧化值、茴香胺值、K232值、K270值随炒籽温度升高而增加,且炒籽温度对压榨亚麻籽油中主要脂肪酸含量有显著影响;适当炒籽对压榨亚麻籽油的氧化稳定性是有利的;高温炒籽压榨亚麻籽油中的营养成分含量与其理化指标密切相关,进而共同影响压榨亚麻籽油的品质。     

烘烤条件对奇亚籽油理化性质及脂肪酸组成的影响

对奇亚籽进行烘烤、压榨取油,测定不同烘烤条件(温度、时间)下奇亚籽油的理化性质及脂肪酸组成,探讨烘烤温度和时间的影响。结果表明:随着烘烤温度的升高和烘烤时间的延长,奇亚籽油色泽加深,酸价、过氧化值、K_(232)、K_(268)均呈现上升趋势,且180℃烘烤50 min以上较其他条件下显著升高(p0.05);烘烤条件对脂肪酸组成无影响。故烘烤奇亚籽不宜在高温下进行,若采用180℃烘烤时,则时间不应超过50 min。     

烤籽温度对压榨亚麻籽油品质的影响

将经过不同温度烘烤后的亚麻籽压榨取油,分析压榨亚麻籽油的品质及理化指标.研究表明:随着亚麻籽烘烤温度升高,亚麻籽油的气味从特有坚果清香味过渡到浓香味,直到最后的焦糊味,色泽呈加深趋势,磷脂和总酚含量增加,维生素E含量减少;适当加热有利于增加其氧化稳定性,但磷脂含量增加,色泽变深;烘烤温度对酸值和主要脂肪酸组成影响不大.     

响应面法优化冷榨提取番茄籽油工艺的研究

试验采用冷榨法提取番茄籽油,探讨了番茄籽料入榨水分含量、入榨温度和压榨压力等因素对冷榨番茄籽油提取率的影响。在此基础上,结合响应面法对其提取工艺参数进行优化,最终得出冷榨番茄籽油最佳工艺条件及参数为:油料水分含量7%,压榨温度60℃,压榨压力为40 MPa。此时番茄籽油提取率为46.374%,与理论预测值46.432%(油料水分含量7%,入榨温度60℃,压榨压力40 MPa)接近,说明该模型可靠性较高。     

微波与烤箱烘烤灭酶对新水剂法提取南瓜籽油的影响北大核心CSCD

为了比较不同的灭酶方式在新水剂法提油中的应用效果,以南瓜籽仁为原料,经微波(不同微波功率和微波时间)和烤箱烘烤(不同烘烤温度和烘烤时间)处理后,采用新水剂法提取南瓜籽油,测定了南瓜籽脂肪酶活性、南瓜籽油提取率、南瓜籽粕的蛋白质溶解度和南瓜籽油的理化指标。结果表明:微波处理最佳条件为微波功率480 W、微波时间60 s,在此条件下南瓜籽油提取率为95.51%,而烤箱烘烤处理最佳条件为烘烤温度110℃、烘烤时间10 min,在此条件下南瓜籽油提取率为94.13%,二者均显著高于未灭酶处理时的南瓜籽油提取率(90.54%);与烤箱烘烤灭酶处理相比,微波灭酶处理获得的南瓜籽油具有更低的过氧化值和更高的黄酮含量、总酚含量、DPPH自由基清除率,微波灭酶处理获得的脱脂粕的蛋白质溶解度更高,且耗电量只有烤箱烘烤灭酶的6.15%。在采用新水剂法提取南瓜籽油时,微波灭酶优于烤箱烘烤灭酶。     

4种提取工艺橡胶籽油的品质比较研究

以橡胶籽仁为原料,采用压榨法、浸出法、超声波辅助溶剂法和水酶法制备橡胶籽油。比较不同提取工艺的油脂提取率、理化性质及脂肪酸组成。结果表明:超声波辅助溶剂法油脂提取率最高,水酶法的最低;水酶法得到的橡胶籽油的水分及挥发物含量较高;浸出法所得橡胶籽油的酸价最高,压榨法的最低;压榨法橡胶籽油过氧化值最高,水酶法的最低; 4种提取工艺所得橡胶籽油的脂肪酸组成基本相同。     

红外和微波热处理对紫苏籽油品质的影响

为了对紫苏籽压榨制油前热处理方式的选取提供参考数据,对紫苏籽进行不同程度的红外或微波热处理,根据热处理后紫苏籽的水分含量分为低、中、高3组,随后进行压榨制油,测定了经不同热处理得到的紫苏籽油的相关理化指标、脂肪酸组成、微量活性成分含量,评估了不同紫苏籽油的DPPH自由基清除率和氧化稳定性。结果表明：两种热处理方式对紫苏籽油脂肪酸组成及含量无显著影响(p>0.05);与未经处理的紫苏籽油相比,经微波热处理的紫苏籽油酸值降低,红外热处理的紫苏籽油过氧化值降低,经过微波和红外热处理的紫苏籽的出油率,油脂的黄酮含量、DPPH自由基清除率和氧化稳定性显著增加(p<0.05);随着红外和微波热处理程度的加深,紫苏籽油中生育酚含量逐渐降低,多酚含量先降低后升高(红外热处理)和先升高后降低(微波热处理)。综上,选取合适的热处理方式及条件可以获得较高品质的紫苏籽油。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press