大型水库防洪调度决策支持系统的开发

利用决策支持原理、面向对象技术和原型法,开发完成了大型水库防洪调度决策支持系统.介绍系统的总体结构、逻辑结构和主要功能,详述系统开发所采用的关键技术.     

Visual Verification of Cancer Staging for Therapy Decision Support

It is generally accepted practice that each cancer patient case should be discussed in a clinical expert meeting, the so‐called tumor board. A central role in finding the best therapy options for patients with solid tumors plays the Tumor, lymph Node, and Metastasis staging (TNM staging). Correctness of TNM staging has a significant impact on the therapy choice and hence on the patient's post‐therapeutic quality of life or even survival. If inconsistencies in the TNM staging occur, possible explanations and solutions must be found based on the complex patient records, which takes the costly time of (multiple) physicians. We propose a more efficient visual analysis component, which supports a physician in verifying the given TNM staging before forwarding it to the tumor board. Our component comprises a Bayesian network model of the TNM staging process. Using information from the patient records and Bayesian inference, the models computes a patient‐specific TNM staging, which is then explored and compared to the given staging by means of a graph‐based visualization. Our component is implemented in a research prototype that supports an understanding of the model computations, allows for a fast identification of important influencing factors, and facilitates a quick detection of differences between two TNM stagings. We evaluated our component with five physicians, each studying 20 cases of laryngeal cancer.     

基于Web的防汛抗旱决策支持系统技术

构建一个分布式、基于Web的防汛抗旱决策支持系统是一个很有意义的问题.根据三层Browser/Server分布式体系结构原理,利用COM组件技术,XML通用数据交换技术和WebGIS技术,成功将客户端ASP调用代码与后台数据库存储的管理、模型运算等业务逻辑有效分离,实际应用中开发出的基于Web的防汛抗旱决策支持系统在使用方便、决策科学、准确性高、实时性强的同时又具有较高的可维护性和可移植性,是一项值得推广的实用技术.     

Web-based Visual Decision Support System (WVDSS) for letter shop

Decision Support Systems (DSS) is one of the key tools to transform data to decisions. In this paper, a successful implementation of a web based DSS in a direct mail (letter shop) is explained. Utilizing continuous improvement framework, we provide how the Web-based Visual Decision Support System (WVDSS) helped the organization to successfully turn around the scheduling and capacity planning function along with extending the success to customer service, and warehouse operations. The outcome of implementing the WVDSS were (1) attainment of 100% scheduled delivery date, (2) improved efficiencies across the value stream, and (3) real-time notification of shipment to the customer service representatives. The unique contribution of this work is the original implementation of a web based decision support system in a high variety and low volume letter shop environment spanning transactional and manufacturing value streams.     

知识管理与决策支持系统

知识管理是现代企业管理理论发展的新阶段,传统的信息管理手段面临严峻的考验,已无法满足知识管理的需求。本文分析了决策支持系统在知识管理中的地位和作用,提出了基于知识管理的决策支持系统模型,并且对实现这种系统的关键技术进行了分析和评价。     

航空公司收益管理决策支持系统

收益管理决策支持系统作为航空公司一项重要的辅助决策工具,在我国的研究与应用刚刚起步。该文结合我国实际对航空公司收益管理系统的功能进行了论述。     

Cross-Filtered Views for Multidimensional Visual Analysis

Analysis of multidimensional data often requires careful examination of relationships across dimensions. Coordinated multiple view approaches have become commonplace in visual analysis tools because they directly support expression of complex multidimensional queries using simple interactions. However, generating such tools remains difficult because of the need to map domain-specific data structures and semantics into the idiosyncratic combinations of interdependent data and visual abstractions needed to reveal particular patterns and distributions in cross-dimensional relationships. This paper describes: 1) a method for interactively expressing sequences of multidimensional set queries by cross-filtering data values across pairs of views and 2) design strategies for constructing coordinated multiple view interfaces for cross-filtered visual analysis of multidimensional data sets. Using examples of cross-filtered visualizations of data from several different domains, we describe how cross-filtering can be modularized and reused across designs, flexibly customized with respect to data types across multiple dimensions, and incorporated into more wide-ranging multiple view designs. We also identify several important limitations of the approach. The demonstrated analytic utility of these examples suggests that cross-filtering is a suitable design pattern for instantiation in a wide variety of visual analysis tools.     

One-Class Support Vector Ensembles for Image Segmentation and Classification

This paper presents an extension of the one-class support vector machines (OC-SVM) into an ensemble of soft OC-SVM classifiers. The idea consists in prior clustering of the input data with a kernel version of the deterministically annealed fuzzy c-means. This way partitioned data is trained with a number of soft OC-SVM classifiers which allow weight assignment to each of the training data. Weights are obtained from the cluster membership values, computed in the kernel fuzzy c-means. The method was designed and tested mostly in the tasks of image classification and segmentation, although it can be used for other one-class problems.     

基于WEB服务的移动网管决策支持系统

目前国内的移动通讯业务不断扩张,用户量迅猛增加。移动运营商在面对巨大市场的同时,也面临着巨大的挑战。一是其网络设备的数量和种类急剧增多,网络拓扑结构更加复杂,网络负载也不断加重;二是海外运营商急于分割国内市场,竞争愈发激烈。因此,如何充分利用有限的资源提供优质的服务,成为摆在运营商面前的一个艰巨的任务。该文分析了采用数据仓库、数据挖掘、WEB服务等先进技术开发的“移动网管决策支持系统”,该系统可帮助决策层从各个角度、各个层次分析网管数据,以及隐藏在数据之间的深层次知识,有利于管理者制定出正确的决策。目前该系统在四川移动网管中心运行良好。     

决策支持系统在生态环境监测与管理中的应用

决策支持系统是综合利用各种数据、信息、知识和模型技术，辅助决策者解决决策问题的人机交互系统，根据研究区生态环境的空间组合关系建立模型，将环境监测与管理技术与决策支持系统的思想相结合建立环境资源决策支持系统，并设计开发生态环境监测与管理智能决策支持系统（EMIDSS），提出资源合理利用及环境整治的方案。     

基于Agent的航空安全管理智能决策支持系统

基于基元事件分析法，给出了一个Internet上用多Agent实现的航空公司安全管理智能决策支持系统AAIDSS的设计与实现方法，该系统在决策支持系统3库结构的基础上，采用了多智能体技术。提出了由OLTP处理、基础结构部分、Agent组织共同组建智能决策支持系统的框架模型，给出了事故分析Agent、界面Agent的核心技术。AAIDSS的设计和实现方法，对于构建基于Intranet的中小型智能决策支持系统具有普遍的参考价值。     

船舶运输管理决策支持系统的设计与实现

针对船舶运输管理中的专业问题,在分析航运信息、决策模型和求解算法的基础上设计了船舶运输管理决策支持系统,利用ADO+SQLServer技术开发数据库系统,利用FORTRAN和VB两种语言混合编程技术实现系统的运行效果的优化,阐述了系统的设计思想和运行流程,并结合实例总结了系统的特点。该系统适合于航运企业管理现代化和高层次人才培养的需要。     

基于MAS的采购管理IDSS的构建

针对传统决策支持系统的局限性以及采购决策支持问题的复杂性,根据决策支持系统的体系结构和功能需求,本文介绍了新型智能决策支持系统,同时对采购管理智能决策支持系统的功能模块进行了详细分析,阐述了基于MAS技术采购管理智能决策支持系统的设计思路,解决了传统决策支持系统在半结构化、非结构化问题处理上的不足,为企业的决策问题的解决提供了一个新的途径.     

Automating Hypermedia for Decision Support

Many ‘first generation’ hypermedia systems were designed to support applications, which do not require the dynamic and general characteristics necessary for our domain --- decision support systems (DSS). The heart of our research is a dynamic model of hypermedia incorporating virtual structures and computation, which we call generalized hypermedia. Generalized hypermedia broadens and automates the ‘static’ or non-virtual notion of first generation hypermedia for a knowledge-based DSS shell. The shell provides a hypermedia-style interface for navigating among DSS application models, data and reports. Such a shell should support applications in a variety of fields, e.g., engineering, manufacturing, finance, and therefore must provide hypermedia support as general, system-level functionality Generalized hypermedia superimposes a hypermedia network on a DSS application, generating all hypermedia nodes, links and link markers dynamically from the application's standard, non-hypermedia knowledge base. In this paper we demonstrate how automating hypermedia can enhance decision making with a DSS. We describe generalized hypermedia and discuss the challenges presented to it by a dynamic, real-time environment.     

Multidimensional Projections for Visual Analysis of Social Networks

Visual analysis of social networks is usually based on graph drawing algorithms and tools.However,social networks are a special kind of graph in the sense that interpretation of displayed relationships is heavily dependent on context.Context,in its turn,is given by attributes associated with graph elements,such as individual nodes,edges,and groups of edges,as well as by the nature of the connections between individuals.In most systems,attributes of individuals and communities are not taken into consideration during graph layout,except to derive weights for force-based placement strategies.This paper proposes a set of novel tools for displaying and exploring social networks based on attribute and connectivity mappings.These properties are employed to layout nodes on the plane via multidimensional projection techniques.For the attribute mapping,we show that node proximity in the layout corresponds to similarity in attribute,leading to easiness in locating similar groups of nodes.The projection based on connectivity yields an initial placement that forgoes force-based or graph analysis algorithm,reaching a meaningful layout in one pass.When a force algorithm is then applied to this initial mapping,the final layout presents better properties than conventional force-based approaches.Numerical evaluations show a number of advantages of pre-mapping points via projections.User evaluation demonstrates that these tools promote ease of manipulation as well as fast identification of concepts and associations which cannot be easily expressed by conventional graph visualization alone.In order to allow better space usage for complex networks,a graph mapping on the surface of a sphere is also implemented.     

Real-Time Decision Support for Emergency Management: An Integration of Advanced Computer and Communications Technology

Responses to emergencies are typically based on contingency plans. However, unexpected events can occur during the operation that affect safety and/or effectiveness of the activated response plan. Latest advances in communications and information technology can collect and transfer a large amount of data to the on-scene commander in real-time. The commander can then assess the potential impact of such events and decide if and how to revise the planned course of action to maintain safety and efficiency of the operation. This paper proposes a new paradigm for real-time decision support for emergency response - operational risk management. Emergency response is modelled as a large-scale operational system, including a human-machine real-time controller. The decision model is based on a topological graph structure, where the nodes are decisions and the arcs the activities. The attributes of the activities are expressed as ordinal preference values. The optimal course of action is the sequence of activities with the highest preference for resolving the emergency situation. The implementation of the decision model into a prototype decision support system is discussed.     

基于WebGIS的抗洪抢险决策支持系统的技术难点及研究

洪涝灾害是我国主要且频发的自然灾害之一,洪涝灾害的发生具有灾情影响范围广、持续时间长、涉及人口多、经济损失大等特点,特别是对一些工农业基础设施的破坏,将对受灾地区产生较长时间的消极影响。当灾害发生时,抢险救灾是各级政府和防汛部门的重要任务,基于网络地理信息系统（WebGIS）抗洪抢险决策支持系统的建设,是着眼指挥机关指挥抗洪抢险行动的特点,为指挥机关提供全面、及时、可靠的辅助决策信息的应用支持系统。文章研究了在建立抗洪抢险决策支持系统中出现的技术难点,如洪水淹没分析、河道洪水演进和气象报文实时解析处理等,结合WebGIS地理信息系统平台给出相应的解决方案。     

干部管理决策支持系统的分析与设计

在介绍数据仓库、OLAP等新技术的基础上，提出了一种干部管理决策支持系统的整体框架，详细介绍了数据仓库的设计、建立过程，着重分析说明了OLAP、个体干部评价选拔、整体干部预测分析的设计思想。将数据仓库技术和传统决策支持技术紧密结合，从而大大提高我国干部选拔工作的科学性和规范性。     

十产业振兴杯羹分之

为应对国际金融危机对我国实体经济的影响.根据国务院部署,由国家发展改革委与工业和信息化部会同国务院有关部门开展了钢铁、汽车.船舶、石化、纺织、轻工、有色金属、装备制造业、电子信息,以及物流业十个重点产业调整和振兴规划的编制工作.作为应对国际金融危机,保增长.扩内需、调结构的重要措施.     

浅论城市交通管理智能化决策支持系统的开发与应用

笔者首先分析当前城市交通管理决策现状,提出开发交通管理决策支持系统,以提高决策水平。然后,提出基于数据仓库的决策支持系统的体系结构。实施数据仓库和决策实施系统毕竟不同于一般管理信息系统的开发,对此,笔者还探讨了适合于此类项目实施的方法论。