金刚石刀具材料粒度、磨削砂轮粒度与刃口质量的关系

聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具由于其自身的高硬度、高耐磨性的特征,使得刃磨加工极易出现崩刃——呈锯齿状刃口的典型缺陷,因此其机械磨削加工较其它刀具材料来看难度更大。本文针对金刚石刀具常用的加工方式——金刚石砂轮机械刃磨展开试验,主要针对金刚石刀片自身材料颗粒度与磨削砂轮粒度这两方面进行研究。通过收集数据,分析对比,研究金刚石材料颗粒度、磨削砂轮粒度对刀具最终刃口质量的影响。     

单晶金刚石微型刀具刃磨试验研究

采用金刚石砂轮对单晶金刚石微型刀具进行了刃口机械刃磨试验,利用莱卡光学显微镜观察了单晶金刚石刀具刃口和表面形貌,以研究不同参数对磨削过程的影响,通过优化相关参数来获得更好的单晶金刚石微型刀具并提高刃磨效率。试验选择砂轮粒度、磨削速度以及进给速率作为刃磨参数。通过正交试验设计,比较磨削力、刃口半径和表面形貌,从而筛选出最优参数。试验得出小粒度砂轮、较高磨削速度和中等进给速度可以得到较好的刃磨结果。     

切点约束和探针针尖半径补偿的金刚石刀具刃口钝圆半径求解方法

本文对金刚石刀具刃口钝圆半径求解方法展开研究,以有效提升金刚石刀具刃口锋利度的测量精度。文中分析了原子力显微镜(AFM)扫描探针几何形貌对金刚石刀具刃口锋利度测量结果的影响,并提出了基于切点约束和AFM探针针尖半径补偿的刀具刃口钝圆半径求解方法;讨论了消噪滤波、测量角度误差以及切点分离方法对测量结果的影响;在高精度测量平台上完成了金刚石刀具刃口锋利度测量,并将被测量的刀具用于飞切加工KDP晶体。结果表明:提出的刃口钝圆半径求解方法能够准确求解金刚石刀具的刃口锋利度,测量结果能很好地描述金刚石刀具的刃口锋利程度,可以为金刚石超精密切削加工的选刀和用刀提供有效指导。     

用原子力显微镜扫描测量金刚石刀具刃口半径

介绍了应用原子力显微镜（ＡＦＭ）扫描测量超精密加工用金刚石刀具刃口半径的方法,给出了测量图象和测量结果。该方法可提高金刚石刀具刃口半径的测量精度,对进一步分析刃口参数对超精密加工表面质量的影响具有一定指导意义。     

金刚石刀具技术的发展状况

介绍了应用人工目测法、X射线法和激光法进行金刚石刀具晶体定向的技术，论述了传统的机械研磨、热化学抛光、无损伤机械化学抛光、化学辅助机械抛光与光整等多种金刚石刀具刃磨工艺方法及其刃口检测技术的发展状况，并对各种相应的检测技术作了比较。最后，论述了金刚石刀具刃磨的材料去除机理，对我国金刚石刀具技术发展状况进行了评述和展望。     

基于原子力显微镜扫描的金刚石刀具纳米刃口轮廓测量方法研究

基于扫描探针理论,本文介绍了一种超精神加工金刚石刀具刃口锋锐轮廓的测量方法,给出了测量图象并分析了测量结果,首次对金刚石刀具刃口轮廓参数进行了ＡＦＭ扫描原理下的初步评定。这一方法可提高金刚石刀具刃口锋锐度的测量准确度,对进一步分析刃口参数如何影响超精密加工表面质量具有指导意义。     

刀具刃口钝化技术的探讨

刀具是机床的“牙齿”，刃口的形式和质量是刀具能否多快好省进行切削加工的前提。影响刀具切削性能和刀具寿命的因素，除了刀具材料、刀具几何参数、刀具结构、切削用量优化等，刀具刃口的状况也是不可忽视的。经过氧化铝、碳化硅或金刚石砂轮刃磨后的刀具刃口，确实存在程度不同的     

单晶金刚石刀具刃磨信号监测技术研究

单晶金刚石刀具在刃磨过程中,不同晶面,晶向以及工艺参数会对发出的噪声和振动信号有所影响。分析刃磨工艺条件、噪声和振动信号以及刃口质量之间的相互关系,将有助于更加深入地了解刀具刃磨技术,提高刀具制造水平。     

圆弧刃金刚石刀具刃磨中的关键技术

天然圆弧刃金刚石刀具是加工球曲面、非球曲面零件的重要工具 ,由于金刚石各向异性 ,使圆弧刃刃磨技术成为金刚石刀具制造中的难点和关键。本文针对圆弧金刚石刀具刃磨机理 ,设计了相应的刃磨机 ,并对刃磨结果进行了检测 ,表明这种刃磨机完全可以满足超精密球面和非球面曲面零件的加工要求     

金刚石刀具与刃磨技术研究现状

简述了金刚石刀具的应用领域,介绍了聚晶金刚石(PCD)刀具刃磨技术及设备的研究现状,分析了影响金刚石机械刃磨质量的主要因素,认为特种加工与机械刃磨相结合的复合刃磨技术是金刚石刀具刃磨的重要发展方向。     

高精度金刚石刀具研磨关键技术研究

金刚石刀具刃口锋利度对所加工零件的表面质量有着重要影响。通过确定合理的研磨设备结构和合理的研磨工艺参数,获得的刀具刃口锋利度从300 nm提高到了50nm,刀面表面粗糙度从15nm提高到了0.5nm,刀具刃口质量得到了明显改善。     

机械加工刀具锋利性能检测方法的研究

通过研究刀具刃口半径与刀具切断纤维的力之间的关系 ,提出了一种检测加工刀具锋利性能的方法。研究认为 ,刀具的刃口半径与刀具切断纤维的力之间有很好的对应关系 ,可以通过测定刀具切断纤维的力来检测加工刀具的锋利性能。试验条件对检测结果有很大的影响     

A study of the effect of tool cutting edge radius on ductile cutting of silicon wafers

Ductile mode cutting of silicon wafers can be achieved under certain cutting conditions and tool geometry. An experimental investigation of the critical undeformed chip thickness in relation to the tool cutting edge radius for the brittle-ductile transition of chip formation in cutting of silicon wafers is presented in this paper. Experimental tests for cutting of silicon wafers using diamond tools of different cutting edge radii for a range of undeformed chip thickness are conducted on an ultra-precision lathe. Both ductile and brittle mode of chip formation processes are observed in the cutting tests. The results indicate that ductile cutting of silicon can be achieved at certain values of the undeformed chip thickness, which depends on the tool cutting edge radius. It is found that in cutting of silicon wafers with a certain tool cutting edge radius there is a critical value of undeformed chip thickness beyond which the chip formation changes from ductile mode to brittle mode. The ductile-brittle transition of chip formation varies with the tool cutting edge radius. Within the range of cutting conditions in the present study, it has also been found that the larger the cutting edge radius, the larger the critical undeformed chip thickness for the ductile-brittle transition in the chip formation.     

An edge reversal method for precision measurement of cutting edge radius of single point diamond tools

A method, which is referred to as the edge reversal method, is proposed for precision measurement of the cutting edge radius of single point diamond tools. An indentation mark of the cutting edge which replicates the cutting edge geometry is firstly made on a soft metal substrate surface. The cutting edge of the diamond tool and its indentation mark, which is regarded as the reversal cutting edge, are then measured by utilizing an atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. The cutting edge radius can be accurately evaluated through removing the influence of the AFM probe tip radius, which is comparable to the cutting edge radius, based on the two measured data without characterization of the AFM probe tip radius. The results of measurement experiments and uncertainty analysis are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method.     

A FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BURR FORMATION IN FACE MILLING OF A CAST ALUMINUM ALLOY

The research discussed in this article focuses on the effects of tool geometry (i.e., rake angle and cutting edge radius) and flank wear upon burr formation in face milling of a cast aluminum alloy. As to tool edge preparation, the use of a tool with variable cutting edge radius was investigated using FEM, and compared for its cutting performance (i.e., burr reduction and tool life) with a conventional tool with uniform cutting edge radius. In order to evaluate 3D face milling through 2D orthogonal cutting simulations, the cross-sections that consist in the cutting speed direction and chip flow direction were selected at different locations along the tool rounded corner. At these cross-sections, the local value of cutting edge radius and their associated tool rake angles as well as the effective uncut chip thickness were determined for 2D cutting simulations. In addition, 3D face milling simulations were conducted to investigate more realistic chip flow and burr generation. Comparisons were made for burrs produced from 3D simulations with a sharp tool, 3D simulations with a worn tool and face milling experiments. Finally, recommendations for cutting tool design are made to reduce burr formation in face milling.     

Cutting force model considering tool edge geometry for micro end milling process

The analysis of the cutting force in micro end milling plays an important role in characterizing the cutting process, as the tool wear and surface texture depend on the cutting forces. Because the depth of cut is larger than the tool edge radius in conventional cutting, the effect of the tool edge radius can be ignored. However, in micro cutting, this radius has an influence on the cutting mechanism. In this study, an analytical cutting force model for micro end milling is proposed for predicting the cutting forces. The cutting force model, which considers the edge radius of the micro end mill, is simulated. The validity is investigated through the newly developed tool dynamometer for the micro end milling process. The predicted cutting forces were consistent with the experimental results.     

TOOL FORCE MODEL FOR DIAMOND TURNING

A new tool force model to be presented is based upon process geometry and the characteristics of the force system, in which the forces acting on the tool rake face, the cutting edge rounding and the clearance face have been considered, and the size effect is accountable for the new model. It is desired that the model can be well applicable to conventional diamond turning and the model may be employed as a tool in the design of diamond tools. This approach is quite different from traditional investigations primarily based on empirical studies. As the depth of cut becomes the same order as the rounded cutting edge radius, sliding along the clearance face due to elastic recovery of workpiece material and plowing due to the rounded cutting edge may become important in micro-machining, the forces acting on the cutting edge rounding and the clearance face can not be neglected. For this reason, it is very important to understand the influence of some parameters on tool forces and develop a model of the relatio     

考虑刃口半径作用时切削力的预报

切削力的理论计算及其准确预报是金属切削领域和刀具设计的重要课题之一。本文给出了考虑刃口半径作用的切削模型 ,分析了临界切削厚度对切削力的影响 ,预报结果表明切削力的理论预测与实验数据相吻合     

A study on critical depth of cuts in micro grooving

Ultra precision diamond cutting is a very efficient manufacturing method for optical parts such as HOE, Fresnel lenses, diffraction lenses, and others. During micro cutting, the rake angle is likely to become negative because the tool edge radius is considerably large compared to the sub-micrometer-order depth of cut. Depending on the ratio of the tool edge radius to the depth of cut, different micro-cutting mechanism modes appear. Therefore, the tool edge sharpness is the most important factor which affects the qualities of machined parts. That is why diamond, especially monocrystal diamond which has the sharpest edge among all other materials, is widely used in micro-cutting. The majar issue is regarding the minimum (critical) depth of cut needed to obtain continuous chips during the cutting process. In this paper, the micro machinability near the critical depth of cut is investigated in micro grooving with a diamond tool. The experimental results show the characteristics of micro-cutting in terms of cutting force ratio (Fx/Fy), chip shape, surface roughness, and surface hardening near the critical depth of cut.     

金刚石刀具研磨质量的影响因素

金刚石刀具研磨非常困难,影响研磨质量的因素较多。