混凝—吸附联用工艺去除水中磷的中试研究

为控制富营养化,上海某在建大型景观湖总磷(TP)控制限值为0.02 mg/L。为达到处理要求,在项目现场进行了中试,对化学混凝和吸附联用工艺去除水中的磷的效果进行了研究。中试结果表明:在合理的加药量条件下,化学混凝可去除水中大部分P,磷吸附剂则对PO43-有着极好的去除效果,处理出水可以实现PO43-几乎完全去除和TP达标;脱气塔的存在可以有效延长吸附剂的寿命;全套装置在运行过程中需要用到盐酸和烧碱,操作和管理难度较大,能耗及吸附剂再生成本较高;装置占地面积较大。因此该工艺的工程应用需综合考虑项目的实际情况来确定。     

天津纪庄子再生水厂泥渣回流强化混凝沉淀工艺技术研究

通过对天津纪庄子再生水厂原水(城市二级出水)进行泥渣回流强化混凝试验研究,证明回流泥渣量在100～300mg/L时效果较好;当泥渣回流后,PAC投药量明显减少,只需5mg/L,基本能达到不加泥渣时投药量15mg/L的效果,节省了67%的投药量。通过正交试验确定混凝沉淀工艺的最佳混凝条件:快速搅拌45s,搅拌速率150r/min;慢速搅拌20min,搅拌速率50r/min。并且污泥浓度为10000～20000mg/L时的污泥回流才能得到比较好的处理效果。     

生物慢滤池用于污水深度处理的实验研究

利用生物慢滤池对人工模拟污水和西安市某污水处理厂的二级出水进行了深度净化处理实验,通过分析进出水中氮、磷含量和高锰酸盐指数及上层水和出水中的叶绿素a含量等指标,考察了生物慢滤池的净化效果。结果表明:生物慢滤池对人工模拟污水的处理效果较好,总氮、氨氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数的去除率分别为66.4%、40.2%、66.4%和73.3%;深度净化污水厂二级出水,总氮、氨氮、总磷和高锰酸盐指数的去除率分别为35.1%、21.0%、30.2%和12.6%,去除率略低于人工模拟实验;生物慢滤池对叶绿素a有很好的截留效果,去除率分别为93.4%和66.4%;生物慢滤池处理后的再生水水质达到《城市污水再生利用景观环境用水水质》要求,可回用于城市景观水体,作为城市景观水体的补充水源,避免水体富营养化的发生。     

居住小区污水再生回用模式探讨

对于再生水不回用于入户冲厕的非水景居住小区,绿化和水景用水占总回用水量的80% 以上,再生水回用模式应以小区生活污水为原水,采用膜生物反应器与生态处理技术相结合的处理工艺,建立以绿化、水景为主,道路浇洒和洗车为辅的小区杂用水供水系统,形成水处理与利用的融合,为维持居住小区内部良好的生态环境提供水源保证,实现小区内水资源高效使用,并减轻环境负荷。对于水景用水采用再生水的水景居住小区,应以居住小区可提供的再生水量确定水景面积。     

混凝沉淀—活性污泥法—人工湿地工艺处理再生纸废水工程

采用混凝沉淀-活性污泥法-人工湿地工艺处理再生纸废水。监测表明,生化处理出水CODCr、BOD5、SS分别为81.8mg/L、25.1mg/L、64mg/L,达到《河南省造纸工业水污染物排放标准》(DB41/389—2004)。冬季运行时人工湿地系统对CODCr、BOD5、SS的去除率分别为17.4%、38.2%和23.4%,运行一年多来,系统处理正常,水质稳定,废水全部得到回用,水生植物生长良好。     

强化混凝—人工湿地处理小城镇污水

介绍了强化混凝与人工湿地的处理机理;采用强化混凝—人工湿地相结合解决了小城镇污水处理率低的问题．为小城镇污水处理提供了技术要求和保证。最后指出强化混凝—人工湿地具有的各种优缺点并进行展望。     

污水深度处理与水资源可持续利用

介绍了污水深度处理的内涵及其在国内外的发展历史与现状 ,论述了提高污水深度处理普及率 ,使再生水成为城市水源不仅是保持健康水循环的良策 ,而且对建立循环型社会更有积极意义 ,是水资源可持续利用的重要支柱     

一体式膜-生物反应器处理生活污水的中试研究

本中试试验结果表明：一体式好氧中空纤维膜－生物反应器处理生活污水用于回用在技术和经济上都是可行的。在不人为排泥的条件下，该系统连续运行１１０多天没有洗膜。系统出水稳定优质（ＣＯＤ＜３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＮＨ３－Ｎ＜１０ｍｇ／Ｌ，无色无味透明，未检出大肠杆菌）；基建费用低，运行费用和传统污水深度处理工艺相差不多。空曝气和在线药洗是进行膜日常维护的有效方法，反应器水力循环条件和启动阶段的运行操作对膜的清洗周期有重要影响     

工业园区废水深度处理的活性炭吸附-混凝技术中试研究

以天津市某废水处理厂提标改造为基础,建立了1套活性炭回流旋流分离的活性炭吸附-混凝深度处理技术,探究污染物去除机理,系统开展中试研究了药剂投加量、回流量、反洗周期等对污染物的去除效果,中试运行结果表明在PAC 34mg/L,活性炭40mg/L,PAM 3~4mg/L,药剂成本0.3元/t的情况下,能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(DB 12/599—2015)一级A排放标准,在活性炭回流比超过50%的情况下能一定程度改善处理效果,强化了对亲水性小分子污染物去除,提高处理效率。     

上海合流污水物化法强化一级处理的中试研究

介绍了污水物化法强化一级处理的特点及用于上海合流污水的中试研究，分析了单独投加铁盐、铝盐以及它们同有机高分子絮凝剂复配使用的处理效果。试验表明，铁盐、铝盐同有机高分子絮凝剂复配使用强化一级处理是一种经济高效、适合于合流污水的处理工艺。     

造纸废水处理及回用工程

针对某造纸厂生产废水SS及难降解污染物含量高的特点,采用强化物化预处理-MBR-RO工艺.工程实践表明,MBR出水达到<造纸工业水污染物排放标准>(GB 3544-2001)一级排放标准,RO深度处理出水可达到该厂回用水标准.     

膜生物反应器的污泥特性和膜污染研究

对中试规模的缺氧—好氧—膜生物反应器(A/O—MBR)处理城市污水进行研究,并对好氧池内活性污泥的特性和膜污染后期的影响因素进行了分析。试验结果表明:污泥浓度(MLSS)对CODCr、氨氮等各指标的处理效果均有影响。与传统活性污泥工艺相比,膜生物反应器污泥负荷小、表观产泥率低。     

在线混凝-超滤-反渗透组合工艺处理MBR出水的中试研究

建立了以混凝—超滤—反渗透组合工艺处理MBR出水的研究设备。研究表明,该组合工艺具有分离有机污染物和脱盐效果,对TOC、电导率、CODMn、UV254、浊度、总碱度、总硬度的去除率分别达到93.95%、98.94%、90.69%、99.83%、93.41%、89.21%、97.94%。产水电导率≤10μS/cm,可满足部分行业的纯水使用要求。同时,在线投加7mg/LFeCl3和0.35mg/L聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)时,超滤对浊度、UV254、CODMn的去除率分别为82%、20.5%、32.2%,跨膜压差增长趋势减缓,膜污染速率降低,节约了清洗膜的药剂,延长了超滤膜使用寿命,对反渗透膜也具有保护作用。     

Pilot study on municipal wastewater treatment by a modified submerged membrane bioreactor.

A pilot-scale modified submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR) with the capacity of 18.1 m3d(-1) was developed on the basis of the principle of air-lift internal-loop reactor. Economical aeration intensity of the SMBR was determined as 96 m3m(-2)h(-1) according to hydrodynamic investigation. Corresponding economical air-flow rate was selected as the working air-flow rate in the long-term run. Under economical aeration intensity, the critical flux zone of the modified SMBR was as high as 30-35 Lm(-2)h(-1) when MLSS was less than 13 gL(-1). Therefore, a sub-critical flux of 30 Lm(-2)h(-1) was selected as the working membrane flux in the long-term run. Membrane fouling was effectively controlled by sub-critical flux operation and periodic on-line chemical cleaning in the long-term run. When the average influent CODCr, NH3-N and turbidity were 310 and 44.3 mgL(-1) and 161 NTU, respectively, the average permeate were 38.5 and 19.5 mgL(-1) and 0.96 NTU under hydraulic retention time (HRT) was only 2.8 h. Corresponding removal was 86, 58.2 and 99.4%. DO deficiency caused by high MLSS was demonstrated as the main reason for low NH3-N removal.     

Experimental study on municipal and industrial reclaimed wastewater refinement for agricultural reuse

The present study is aimed at verifying the possibility of reusing municipal and industrial reclaimed wastewaters for the irrigation of container-grown ornamental shrubs, paying attention to the refinery treatment. The research has been carried out in the district of Pistoia (Central Italy), which represents one of the main nursery areas in Europe. Two experimental sites, each consisting of a refinery treatment pilot plant (filtration and disinfection) and an agronomic area, were set-up. In this paper the attention is focused on the selection of the refinery treatment. The combined process of peracetic acid (PAA) and ultraviolet irradiation (UV) chosen for the disinfection treatment proved to be very effective for the inactivation of microorganisms for both municipal and industrial wastewaters. The high efficiency is recognised as being brought about by the formation of free radicals due to the photolysis of the PAA when in the presence of the UV rays. A preliminary cost analysis has been carried out in order to highlight the most economically advantageous solution which guarantees the compliance to the Italian limits for wastewater reuse in agriculture (Escherichia Coli 10 CFU/100 mL).     

城市污水再生利用的定位与发展方向

1 城市污水再生利用的定位 城市污水再生利用是一个高度复杂的系统工程,涉及政策导向、目标定位、用水途径、水质要求、技术选择、安全保障、经济效益、公众宣传、价格差异、付费原则等多个层面.     

MBR与接触氧化工艺用于中水处理的比较

某高校中水处理工程采用MBR代替接触氧化工艺进行改造,在实际运行情况的基础上,对MBR和接触氧化工艺在工艺流程、处理效果、投资成本和运行维护管理等方面进行比较,结果表明,MBR在各方面均体现出较强的优势,为MBR的实际应用和发展提供参考。     

A/O-MBR工艺处理低碳源污水中试研究

将膜生物反应器(MBR)与A/O工艺相结合,构建A/O-MBR中试处理系统.考察其处理低碳源污水脱氮除磷效果.结果表明:在水温为12～16℃、HRT为10 h、污泥浓度为4 000～7 000 mg/L、好氧池DO为0.3～0.8 mg/L、回流比为200％～300％条件下,出水平均CODCr、TN、NH3-N、TP浓...     

Possibilities for reuse of treated domestic wastewater in the Netherlands

The implementation of wastewater reuse is becoming an increasingly important means of supplementing water supply needs and/or reducing costs. The present paper provides examples of possible uses of treated domestic effluent for the three sectors, i.e. public water supply, industrial and agricultural uses with the aim to address the feasibility of these applications. It is concluded that, although The Netherlands as a whole is considered to be a low water stressed country, regional fresh water scarcity and costs can result in the need for applications of domestic wastewater reuse.     

Analysis of treated wastewater reuse potential for irrigation in Sicily

In Mediterranean countries, water shortage is becoming a problem of high concern affecting the local economy, mostly based on agriculture. The problem is not only the scarcity of water in terms of average per capita, but the high cost to make water available at the right place, at the right time with the required quality. In these cases, an integrated approach for water resources management including wastewater is required. The management should also include treated wastewater (TWW) reclamation and reuse, especially for agricultural irrigation. In Italy, TWW reuse is regulated by a quite restrictive approach (Ministry Decree, M.D. 185/03), especially for some chemical compounds and microbiological parameters. The aim of the paper is the evaluation of TWW reuse potential in Sicily. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was built at regional level to quantify and locate the available TWW volumes. In particular, the characteristics of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were integrated, through the GIS, with data on irrigation district areas. Moreover, in order to evaluate the Italian approach for reuse practice in agriculture, the water quality of different TWW effluents was analysed on the basis of both the Italian standards and the WHO guidelines.