Toughening mechanism of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends

To improve the notched impact strength of polyamide-1010 (PA1010), it was modified with a thermoplastic poly (ester urethane) elastomer (ester-based TPU). The notched impact strength of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends was investigated by using an impact tester and the fracture morphology of PA1010/ester-based TPU blends was investigated by means of SEM. In the impact experiments, it was found that the notched impact strength of the blends is obviously higher than that of pure PA1010, and the fracture surfaces of the blends show a corrugated and oriented structure. The results indicate that the brittle-to-tough transition of the blends occurs when the content of ester-based TPU is 20 wt.% and there is a new toughening mechanism, which is the multi-layer crack extension mechanism, besides the crazing with a shear-yield mechanism in the process of fracture for the blend samples under impact.     

Preparation of the HIPS/MA graft copolymer and its compatibilization in PA6/HIPS blends

The graft copolymer of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) grafted with malice anhydride (MA) (HIPS-g-MA) was prepared with melt mixing in the presence of a free-radical initiator. The grafting reaction was confirmed by IR analyses and the amount of MA grafted on HIPS was evaluated by a titration method. 1–5 wt% of MA can be grafted on HIPS. HIPS-g-MA is miscible with HIPS. Its anhydride group can react with the PA6 during melt mixing the two components. The compatibility of HIPS-g-MA in the HIPS/PA6 blends was evident. Evidence of reactions in the blends was confirmed in the morphology and mechanical properties of the blends. A significant reduction in domain size was observed because of the compatibilization of HIPS-g-MA in the blends of HIPS and PA6. The tensile mechanical properties of the prepared blends were investigated and the fracture surfaces of the blends were examined by means of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The improved adhesion in a 16%HIPS/75%PA6 blend with 9%HIPS-g-MA copolymer was detected. The morphology of fibrillar ligaments formed by PA6 connecting HIPS particles was observed.     

UHMWPE/PA1010塑料合金的制备及性能

采用共辐照接枝法合成UHMWPE-g-AA接枝共聚物;采用共混技术制备UHMWPE/PA1010合金。以UHMWPE-g-AA接枝共聚物作为UHMWPE/PA1010合金增容剂。由于PA1010与UHMWPE-g-AA有较强的相互作用,UHMWPE/PA1010合金的冲击强度和断裂伸长率提高,韧性得到改善;同时,这种相互作用限制了A1010的结晶,使PA1010中正常的结晶含量减少,结晶温度升高。SEM结果表明,增容作用使基体与分散相间界面张力减小,粘结性增强,从而使分散相的粒子尺寸减小,分布更加均匀,拉伸断面显示明显的牵拉现象。共混体系的摩擦系数与纯PA1010相比明显降低,摩擦时在 PA1010表面形成完整UHMWPE的润滑膜,使磨耗量减小,摩擦系数降低。     

可反应性纳米SiO2/尼龙1010复合材料的制备和力学性能

以可反应性纳米SiO2(RNS)为填料,用熔融共混法制备SiO2/尼龙1010纳米复合材料,表征其力学性能并研究了增强和增韧机理.结果表明,在熔融共混过程中RNS与尼龙1010发生了强烈的界面相互作用,提高了材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性模量;而纳米SiO2的表面有机修饰层使材料的韧性有所提高.纳米SiO2质量分数为1.0%的复合材料拉伸强度最大,比纯尼龙1010的高4%;而0.7%纳米SiO2的复合材料断裂伸长率和弹性模量最大,分别比纯尼龙的高16.6%和13.4%.     

Effect of EVOH on the morphology,mechanical and barrier properties of PA6/POE-g-MAH/EVOH ternary blends

Polyamide 6 (PA6)/maleated poly(ethylene-1-octene) (POE-g-MAH) blends with various ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) concentrations were prepared via melt-blending. The morphology, mechanical and barrier properties of the blends were investigated in terms of scanning electron microscope (SEM), impact/tensile testing, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and oil absorption rate. The SEM images indicated that the compatibility between PA6 and POE-g-MAH was improved significantly after the incorporation of EVOH. The toughness of blends was correlated with the morphology of the POE-g-MAH and EVOH dispersion phase. It has also demonstrated that the incorporation of EVOH increased evidently the tensile strength, storage modulus and barrier properties, which were contributed to the strong interactions formed through the reaction among PA 6, POE-g-MAH and EVOH.     

Mechanical and fracture properties of ternary PE/PA6/GF composites

This article studies the mechanical properties of short fiber reinforced polymer blends comprised of a soft thermoplastic matrix (polyethylene, PE), a rigid dispersed thermoplastic phase (polyamide-6, PA6) and glass fiber reinforcement. These ternary composites are designed as a model system to investigate the impact of the mutual interactions of the three phases on the composite mechanical properties. For this purpose two types of fibers are used, dispersed-phase and matrix-phase compatible fibers, respectively.     

PA1010／CSM／EPR共混物的塑化特性

用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ ＰＬＥ３３１型塑化仪研究了ＰＡ１０１０／ＣＳＭ／ＥＰＲ共混物的塑化特性。结果表明，随着共混物中ＥＰＲ含量增加和转速升高，共混物的平衡扭矩升高；随着增容剂ＣＳＭ含量增加和温度升高，共混物的平衡扭矩降低；温度和转速升高，塑化时间缩短。     

PA1010／CSM／EPR共混物的流变性能（Ⅰ）

用ＸＬＹ－Ⅱ毛细管流变仪研究了ＰＡ１０１０／ＣＳＭ／ＥＰＲ共混物的流变性能。结果表明，共混物的非牛顿指数ｎ＜１，且ｎ随ＥＰＲ用量的增加而减小，即非牛顿性增强；共混物熔体服从假塑性流体的流动规律，表观粘度随剪切速率和剪切应力的增大而降低；温度升高，表观粘度降低。     

动态保压注射成型中POE-g-MAH 对PA1010-PP 共混物的增容作用

以马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)作为增容剂, 采用熔体共混的方法制备了PA1010-PP共混物, 通过扫描电镜(SEM)、 力学性能和差示扫描量热(DSC)测试, 研究了动态保压注射成型中POE-g-MAH对PA1010-PP共混物的增容作用。力学性能测试结果表明, 在注射成型过程中施加剪切应力, 明显提高了共混物的拉伸和冲击性能。SEM结果表明, 剪切诱导制品产生多层次结构, 而且分散相相区尺寸显著减小, 分散更趋均匀, 相界面更加模糊。DSC结果表明, 剪切应力作用下, 当POE-g-MAH的质量分数达到15%时, PP出现2个结晶峰, 即出现异相成核结晶和均相成核结晶, PP均相成核结晶的出现从另一个方面表明动态试样中分散相PP尺寸小于静态试样。剪切应力作用下增容作用的提高归因于剪切应力作用下独特相形态的形成。      

PA1010／66共聚物的松弛行为

研究了ＰＡ１０１０／６６共聚物在液氮温度与Ｔｍ之间的松弛行为与组成关系，发现不同的松弛温度及损耗因子随共聚物的组成的改变而变化的趋势不同，随６６含量增加，Ｔγ总趋势下降，Ｔβ总趋势增加，Ｔα下降后增加，ｔａｎδ（γ）ｔａｎ＾－１δ（α）和ｔａｎδ（β）ｔａｎ＾－１δ（α）先下降后增加，ｔａｎδ（α）先增大后减小，６６占５０％时，Ｔγ，Ｔβ极大Ｔα最小；ｔａｎδ（γ）ｔａｎ＾－１δ（α），ｔａｎδ（     

Influence of reactive compatibilizers on the rheometrical and mechanical properties of PA6/LDPE and PA6/HDPE blends

In this work, the influence of reactive compatibilizers on the rheometrical and mechanical properties of polyamide 6/low density polyethylene (PA6/LDPE) and polyamide 6/high density polyethylene (PA6/HDPE) blends was investigated. Polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PEgMA), polyethylene grafted with acrylic acid (PEgAA), and ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EMA-GMA) were used as compatibilizers. The blends were characterized by torque rheometry, mechanical properties, and morphology. Rheometrical properties results show that PEgMA and PEgAA compatibilizers are more reactive with PA6 than EMA-GMA. Mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy analysis results show that EMA-GMA compatibilizer is as effective as PEgMA and PEgAA for PA6/LDPE blend. For PA6/HDPE blend, PEgAA and EMA-GMA compatibilizers proved to be as effective as PEgMA. For PA6/HDPE blend compatibilized with PEgAA, an intriguing “web” or “bridge” like structure was observed.     

PA1010/6共聚物松弛行为研究

研究了尼龙１０１０／６ 共聚物在液氮温度与 Ｔｍ 之间的松弛行为与组成的关系。发现随 Ｐ Ａ６ 含量增加, Ｔｒ 变化不明显, Ｔβ略有上升, Ｔα先下降而后又上升。ｔｇδ（γ）／ｔｇδ（α）、ｔｇδ（β）／ｔｇδ（α）变化趋势一致,都是先下降而后又增大,而ｔｇδ（α）先增大而后减小。 Ｐ Ａ１０１０ 单体与 Ｐ Ａ６ 单体摩尔比１∶２ 时,ｔｇδ（γ）／ｔｇδ（α）、ｔｇδ（β）／ｔｇδ（α）有极小值,ｔｇδ（α）有极大值。     

HIPS-g-MA共聚物对HIPS/PC共混物相容性、形态和拉伸性能的影响

研究了HIPS／PC共混物的相容性及HIPS－MA对HIPS（30）／PC（70）共混物的相容性、形态和拉伸性能的影响。DSC研究结果表明，HIPS／PC共混物中PS的玻璃化转变温度（Tg)不随组成而变化，而PC的Tg随其质量分数的降低逐渐向低温移动，说明HIPS／PC是部分相容体系。通过DSC、扫描电镜形态观察和拉伸性能测试结果发现，当HIPS－g-MA的含量低于7．5％时，共混物的相容性改善不明显，当其含量达到7．5％时，对共混物有明显的乳化作用，说明饱和的界面浓度在7．5％左右。HIPS－g-MA接枝共聚物在HIPS（30）／PC（70）共混物中的增容作用可能是酯交换反应原位生成的嵌段共聚物所致。     

PVC/PA1010/SBS-g-MAH共混体系研究

制备了ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ接枝聚合物,并对其进行了表征,以ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ作为ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系的增剂,对不同配比的ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０／ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ共混体系的物理力学性能,流变性及差热性等进行了研究,结果表明,ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ接枝聚合物对ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系起到了明显的增容作用,得到了缺口冲击强度及拉伸强度均较高的ＰＶＣ／ＰＡ１０１０／ＳＢＳ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ共混物。     

阻隔性HDPE/MPE/PA1010共混体系流变性能的研究

研究了不同组成的ＨＤＰＥ／ＭＰＥ／ＰＡ１０１０共混体系熔体的流动曲线,表观粘度与温度,组成的关系,流动指数与剪切应力的关系等流变特性。结果表明,在所研究的剪切应力,剪切速率,温度及组成范围内,该共混体系熔体的ｌｇτ－ｌｇγｐ关系曲线都不同程度地偏离牛顿流体曲线,为非牛顿流体;     

PA1010/MGEPR共混物的力学性能

尼龙1010是我国首创的一种性能优良的工程塑料，为提高其干戍 低温冲击韧性，用Brabender PLE331型塑化仪制备了PA1010／MGEPR共混物，讨论了配料方式，MGEPR用量，丁基橡胶用量，螺杆转速等对共混物冲击强度，拉伸强度等力学性能的影响，结果表明，如采用PA1010／MGEPR（2）和PA1010／MGEPR（4）共混体系，则冲击强度较PA1010有明显提高，当螺转速为37r/min-47r/min时，混合效果较好，当丁基橡胶为乙丙橡胶（EPR）含量的10％（质量）时，共混物的冲击强度优良。     

γ射线辐照对PA6/PTFE合金吸水与力学性能的影响

为了探讨辐照对尼龙6(PA6)基共混材料吸水性能和力学性能的影响,制备了PA6和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)共混合金并在室温下进行不同剂量的60Coγ射线辐照.通过吸水率测试、准静态拉伸和弯曲实验以及缺口冲击测试,研究了辐照对PA6/PTFE共混体系吸水性能以及吸收水和辐照剂量对共混合金动静态力学性能的影响.结果表明,辐照过程引发交联反应,共混合金的拉伸强度、拉伸模量和弯曲模量均随辐照剂量的增大而增大,而缺口冲击强度和吸水率则随之减小.吸收水对共混合金缺口冲击强度的影响与合金组分有关.PTFE含量较低时,吸收水抑制PTFE对合金冲击强度的减弱作用;当PTFE的质量分数大于7%时,吸收水反而加剧PTFE对材料冲击强度的减弱效应.此外,PA6/PTFE合金的吸水率随PTFE含量的增加而降低,而弯曲模量则先增后减.     

甲壳型液晶高分子PBPCS与IPN聚丙烯酸酯三元共混及阻尼性能研究

通过原位复合技术把甲壳型液晶高分子PBPCS分散到核-壳结构的聚丙烯酸酯中制备PBPCS与IPN聚丙烯酸酯三元共混阻尼材料。由IR光谱、TEM透射电镜初步认为PBPCS被包裹在IPN聚丙烯酸酯聚合物中,但PBPCS的加入会影响到核壳粒子结构的正常形态。通过DMA实验得到耗散因子曲线表明,加入PBPCS的三元共混物在高温区的最大耗散因子提高到0.9以上,表明甲壳型液晶高分子PBPCS在一定程度上增加IPN聚丙烯酸酯的阻尼能力,同时从体系中分子链相对运动对这一现象做出解释。     

多级拉伸PP/(PA1010+CB)复合材料的相形态演变

利用自主设计的多级拉伸挤出设备,制备了聚丙烯/(聚酰胺+炭黑)(PP/(PA1010+CB))复合材料,该聚合物熔体在挤出过程中受纵向拉伸力(F∥)和横向拉伸力(F⊥)的双向拉伸作用。通过扫描电子显微镜观察,随着分散相(PA1010+CB)含量的增加,CB在PA1010中含量的增加,相容剂含量的降低,分散相(PA1010+CB)的尺寸变大且变形能力增强,此时F⊥发挥作用,使分散相发生横向变形。体系中尺寸较大的分散相形成二维片状,尺寸较小的分散相形成纤维状。     

HDPE/PA6共混阻隔材料的制备及研究

采用熔融挤出法制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)与马来酸酐(MAH)的接枝物(HDPE-g-MAH),并用红外光谱证实了接枝反应。以此接枝物为相容剂制备HDPE/PA6共混材料。研究了PA6和相容剂用量对共混材料形态结构、力学性能及阻气性能的影响。SEM表明相容剂可以明显改善HDPE与PA6的相容性。PA6的加入显著提高了HDPE对氧气的阻隔性能。