Learning from students: geodesign lessons from the regional design studio

This paper explores potential issues in the emerging field of geodesign by examining key lessons learned through design studios. Presenting three distinct projects as examples from regional design studios in an undergraduate landscape architecture program, this paper points out common learning experiences that repeat despite very different contexts. Recurring issues that can be observed from these examples include difficulty in addressing scale, difficulties in dealing with the volumes of data and information available and complications due to perceptions of the false dichotomy between science and design. With the potential to reshape urban planning and design, the need for geodesign to openly embrace a grand vision of itself is evident. However, for these changes to be meaningful, serious changes need to be undertaken in our educational processes developing a generation of urban and regional geodesigners who are better equipped to think scientifically while shaping landscapes and places responsibly and creatively.     

Retrofitting suburbia through second units: lessons from the Phoenix region

Planners are encouraging suburban homeowners to build second units to enable housing affordability, walkability, and aging in place. Yet, little is known about the viability of this approach for different types of suburbs. Based on planner interviews and zoning ordinance reviews in the Phoenix region, this article constructs a typology for identifying suburbs potentially amenable to using second units as a tool. Barriers that limit rezoning to allow for second units across the types include restrictive site requirements and fear of rental units. Arguments for aging in place may be more influential than those for housing affordability in leading suburbs in Phoenix and elsewhere to liberalize their regulations.     

以北方乡土民居为例论人居环境的生态设计

以北方乡土民居为例,分析其传统生态设计手法．从创建生态人居环境的角度出发,谈论现代人居环境设计面临的问题及生态设计在人居环境设计中的应用,从而使人居环境具有持续发展的能力并走向舒适、经济、节能、环保的生态化道路。     

Urban rehabilitation,governance, and housing affordability: lessons from Portugal

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the role of ‘urban rehabilitation societies’, a legal and institutional framework launched by the Portuguese government in 2004 and implemented locally ever since. The paper discusses how this model has provided an alibi for neoliberal narratives, grounded on the virtues of the market and on market-oriented strategies. The research methodology uses a combination of qualitative documentary analysis and face-to-face interviews with government officials and public officers to scrutinize the effects of policies on issues of governance and housing affordability.     

An ecological design philosophy: Randolph T. Hester's Design for ecological democracy

Children’s environments and their ability to interact with them have impacts upon their well-being and sense of identity. Creation of participatory methodologies for children of all ages and particularly for children under five years of age is a step towards understanding what is necessary to create inclusivity and towards addressing the inequity faced by young children in their environments. This article will draw on data from a research project with an inner-urban local government body in Victoria, Australia, that aimed to support young children’s participation within the local government and the community. These data demonstrate how participatory methods can be used with children under five outside of typical early-childhood institutions; the article also analyses the data in terms of the specific experiences of dependent young children in an urban environment and the related effects on their well-being and mobility.     

从城市设计的角度来认识城市水体生态观

从城市设计的角度对城市水体开发利用的现状和问题进行分析，从而为城市设计者如何把持和操作城市生态观理出头绪，其中主要以杭州为例，通过对西湖、运河、钱塘江三种水体的开发疑问和实例分析，呈现了对于水体及周边区域如何保护，如何更新，如何开发的三重疑问，给予了一些实际的解答。     

Plan pedestrian friendly environments around subway stations: lessons from Shanghai,China

This research investigated pedestrians’ route directness, waiting time and satisfaction around subway stations in Shanghai, China. Twelve stations were selected from three different zones of the city. Six hundred questionnaires on people’s walking activities were collected. Results showed stations in the old city-centre had the best pedestrian route directness value and lowest waiting time followed by stations in the mid-ring and outer suburbs. Mid-ring stations had the best overall pedestrian satisfaction followed by stations in the old city centre and outer suburbs, which indicated there were other factors affecting pedestrians’ overall satisfaction other than walking directness and waiting time.     

住宅设计中的环境生态和节能意识

从人居环境应具有环境、生态与节能效益的观念出发，简要分析了当前住宅规划设计中存在的问题，着重说明了住宅设计必须具有环境、生态和节能意识，从而提高人居环境质量。     

Landscape planning and community participation: Local lessons from Mullaghmore, the Burren NationalPark, Ireland

Issues relating to community participation in landscape management, as well as the manipulation of the community for political ends, are addressed. It is argued that the current fashionable participatory model of development and policy formulation requires closer scrutiny and may be unrealistic in certain contexts. A case-study approach is adopted, whereby the role of the community in attempts to construct a visitor interpretative centre at the foot of Mullaghmore Mountain, within the Burren National Park, Ireland, is analysed. The complexity of the term community is exposed, and important questions about who speaks for the community are raised. It is concluded that local development, including ecosystem and landscape management, is best approached neither from a 'top-down' nor a 'bottom-up' developmental model. It is suggested that insights from adaptive co-management models, which promote a multi-level management approach, whereby local knowledge and experience are incorporated within enabling local and extra-local institutional structures, may provide a viable alternative. Finally, it is argued that human-environmental interaction in a specific place, including the management of common pool resources, needs to be situated within the historical, ecological and cultural narrative of its human ecology.     

Landscape planning and community participation: Local lessons from Mullaghmore,the Burren NationalPark,Ireland

Issues relating to community participation in landscape management, as well as the manipulation of the community for political ends, are addressed. It is argued that the current fashionable participatory model of development and policy formulation requires closer scrutiny and may be unrealistic in certain contexts. A case-study approach is adopted, whereby the role of the community in attempts to construct a visitor interpretative centre at the foot of Mullaghmore Mountain, within the Burren National Park, Ireland, is analysed. The complexity of the term community is exposed, and important questions about who speaks for the community are raised. It is concluded that local development, including ecosystem and landscape management, is best approached neither from a ‘top-down’ nor a ‘bottom-up’ developmental model. It is suggested that insights from adaptive co-management models, which promote a multi-level management approach, whereby local knowledge and experience are incorporated within enabling local and extra-local institutional structures, may provide a viable alternative. Finally, it is argued that human–environmental interaction in a specific place, including the management of common pool resources, needs to be situated within the historical, ecological and cultural narrative of its human ecology.     

运动、健康、生态、回归自然——白桦林居环境景观设计

一、场地概况白桦林居位于西安市高新技术开发区内,四周道路纵横交错,交通十分便利。场地平坦,用地范围内有一块池塘,水岸边上生长有一些柳树,其他地方没有植被覆盖。场地占地面积约为52万平方米。     

Re-examining the ‘low water tariff’ hypothesis: lessons from Hyderabad,India

Researchers suggest urban water utilities in India operate on low tariffs, consequently earning revenue insufficient to recover operation and management (O&M) costs of water storage, treatment and distribution. From findings of a field study conducted in Hyderabad, India, the paper suggests otherwise. While ‘stated’ tariffs are low, households currently pay tariffs far higher than in other regions of the world because of institutional indifference toward improving service attributes, particularly quantity and poor measurement of domestic water consumption; following which, poor communities pay more for less. While poor cost recovery precludes improved performance of urban water utilities, targeting this facet alone at the cost of other aspects of service does not, as the paper demonstrates, necessarily lead toward qualitative service improvement or toward improved households' perception of water services.     

从SARS爆发看中国城市应急预警机制

1　总体现状及其原因随着经济和社会的高速发展 ,我国城市发展已进入快速增长时期 ,城市规模不断扩大 ,人口密度大 ,遭受灾害威胁的形势十分严峻。美国“9· 1 1”事件后的废墟、韩国大邱地铁火灾中绝望的哭喊、新疆地震噩梦般的轰鸣和人们面对SARS病菌的恐慌 ,让我们再次感受到了天灾人祸的不可预测性 ,同时也说明了城市应急预警机制的脆弱性。除此之外 ,境内外敌对分子、恐怖主义分子、“法轮功”邪教组织顽固分子的猖獗活动 ,这些事件足以给我们以警示。尤其是此次SARS在大城市的爆发 ,暴露出中国在公共应急方面缺乏足够的经验 ,引发…