汽车应用需要快速模拟视频切换

尽管家庭娱乐已转向数字视频,但模拟视频在汽车行业等应用中仍有不小的市场。模拟视频是一种成熟、可靠的技术,经过拓展后可以满足汽车应用的要求。继续使用模拟视频的原因包括:很容易获得低成本电路设计、可以使用低廉     

功率NLDMOS电学安全工作区的版图设计优化

在不调整制备工艺、不增加工艺成本条件下,研究了管芯版图优化对功率n型横向扩散金属氧化物半导体(NLDMOS)电学安全工作区(E-SOA)的影响。通过研究p^+带嵌入方式、p^+图形形状、p^+分布密度、阵列单元栅宽及总栅数、金属引线方式等进行了版图设计优化和流片。管芯传输线脉冲(TLP)E-SOA测试结果表明,优化后的版图使NLDMOS在5 V工作电压下TLP E-SOA提升约30%,金属引线的加宽和叠加使NLDMOS的开态电流提升约7%。带状紧凑型p^+带且双栅极嵌入的优化版图设计能更好地稳定硅衬底电位,抑制寄生三极管的开启,增大E-SOA,提高器件可靠性。因此,版图设计优化对提升功率NLDMOS的性能和可靠性具有实际意义。     

汽车尾灯模拟控制电路设计

随着交通事故量的逐步增加,汽车尾灯控制电路的安全性、可靠性越来越重要。文中通过数字逻辑设计的基本方,法采用6个LED发光二级管,9块集成电路芯片,2个电容和若干电阻,制作了一个汽车尾灯模拟控制电路。实验证明,该系统完全能实现正常运行、左转、右转、临时刹车等4种常用的汽车尾灯状态,且制作简单、成本低廉、节能可靠、有较高实用价值。     

Tolerance Design of an Optomechanical Transmitter Assembly for Automotive Applications

We report on different optical coupling concepts between resonant-cavity light-emitting diodes and plastic optical fiber for the automotive according to the Multimedia Oriented Systems Transport standard. We present five different candidate optical coupling schemes. Two coupling schemes were investigated in depth regarding manufacturing and assembly tolerances using a Monte Carlo simulation method: a system using a ball lens and another made by clear molding. We select the best suited system according to manufacturing and assembly capabilities as well as its suitability for automotive applications.      

具有更宽安全工作区的IGBT元胞的研究与设计

研究了一种新的IGBT发射极元胞,并给出其设计方法.该元胞在不影响单位面积有效沟道宽度的情况下,将源衬底的P+区与源N+区并排垂直于沟道一侧放置,以缩短空穴路径.与采用深P+注入抗闩锁的传统方法相比,经过优化设计的新结构的闩锁电流增大了约8倍;在Vce为1.5 V时,单位面积电流密度增加3倍;元胞静态阻断电压也有20%的增加,从而扩展了IGBT的安全工作区,而且工艺更简单.     

汽车电子系统应用的LED驱动解决方案

简介 目前,越来越多的汽车电子系统应用照明设计师正在采用LED照明满足实用和美观的用途。众所周知,LED适用于各种汽车照明元件,例如大灯、白天行车灯、雾灯、转向信号灯、内部照明、资讯娱乐的背光照明,以及组合尾灯（RCL）和高位制动灯（CHMSL）。     

Improved Accuracy Pseudo-Exponential Function Generator With Applications in Analog Signal Processing

A new CMOS current-mode pseudo-exponential circuit based on the n-order Taylor series expansion will be presented. The most important advantage of the circuit with respect to the previously reported similar ones is the smaller value of the total computing error (under 0.3 dB), for a maximal output range of the proposed function generator greater than 40 dB. The total error could be very easily reduced by increasing the number of terms considered in the Taylor expansion. The circuit also presents the advantage of the independence of the output current on technological parameters. The frequency response is improved due to the strong inversion operation of all MOS transistors and to the current-mode operation of the circuit. The circuit area is relatively small due to the exclusively utilization of MOS transistors. The SPICE simulations confirm the theoretical estimated results. The proposed exponential function generator is designed in 0.12-mum CMOS technology and it consumes a reasonable power (less than 0.3 mW) for obtaining the previous mentioned computing error and has a low-voltage operation (a minimal accepted supply voltage under 1.2 V). The total silicon occupied area of the exponential function generator with third-order approximation is about 5.9 mum times 7.9 mum.     

激光在汽车零件上雕刻耐久性条形码

最令汽车制造厂商烦恼的事是生产线发生故障,哪怕只是短暂的时间,厂商也承受不起。为此必须在汽车零件上打上明显的标记,以避免出现差错。生产线无论何时因故障停止运转都会给制造商造成重大的经济损失。传统的汽车零件标记方法,诸如粘     

Optimization of Packaging Design of TWEAM Module for Digital and Analog Applications

Packaging technologies for a broadband and narrowband modulator with a traveling wave electroabsorption modulator (TWEAM) device were developed. In developing a broadband modulator, the effects of the device and packaging designs on the broadband performance were investigated. The optimized designs were obtained through a simulation with the result that we developed a broadband modulator with a 3 dB bandwidth of 38 GHz in the electrical‐to‐optical (E/O) response, an electrical return loss of less than ?10 dB at up to 26 GHz, an rms jitter of 1.832 ps, and an extinction ratio of 5.38 dB in a 40 Gbps non‐return to zero (NRZ) eye diagram. For analog application, the effect of the RF termination scheme on the fractional bandwidth was studied. The microstrip line with a double stub as a matching circuit and a laser trimming process were used to obtain an S11 of ?34.58 dB at 40 GHz and 2.9 GHz bandwidth of less than ?15 dB.     

选择支持可靠汽车应用的电容器

为今天的汽车电子产品选择最可靠的电容器，设计师需要仔细分析大量的器件参数和性能特点。接下来是考虑这些器件的工作环境以及特定目标应用。本文探讨了四种主要电介质电容器的特点——钽、铝电解、聚脂膜以及陶瓷。本文还介绍了电容温度系数、电容电压系数以及影响电容器选择的其他因素。     

Energy Storage Systems for Automotive Applications

The fuel efficiency and performance of novel vehicles with electric propulsion capability are largely limited by the performance of the energy storage system (ESS). This paper reviews state-of-the-art ESSs in automotive applications. Battery technology options are considered in detail, with emphasis on methods of battery monitoring, managing, protecting, and balancing. Furthermore, other ESS candidates such as ultracapacitors, flywheels and fuel cells are also discussed. Finally, hybrid power sources are considered as a method of combining two or more energy storage devices to create a superior power source.     

汽车应用中的非牵引用马达控制

汽车电子化程度不断提高的同时,汽车的电源供应开始成为问题.令人惊讶的是汽车设计正在逐渐逼近电源供应的极限,在很大程度上重复了小型"便携式产品"同样的历程.增大发动机功率只会增加燃料成本.随着能源价格的上涨,能源效率对于不同级别车辆的竞争变得越来越重要,特别是对于在北美以外出售的汽车.     

微波单片集成电路的一种中心设计方法

本文系统地提出了一种微波单片集成电路的中心设计方法,有效地提高了单片电路的成品率,改善了电路性能;同时,占机时少,收敛速度快。试用结果表明,该方法是有效和可靠的,具有应用前景。     

用于汽车的高亮LED照明

毋庸置疑,高亮LED将成为未来一代汽车的主要特征.这是由于LED相对于传统的白炽光照明方案,具备许多重要优势.同时,采用LED也可带动技术上,甚至汽车设计风格上的变化.但是,正如任何革新技术,LED在广泛运用于汽车照明前,仍有许多困难需要克服.     

Analog Universal Active Device: Theory, Design and Applications

This paper introduces the concept of what we call analogUniversal Active Device (UAD), as a step forward from OperationalAmplifiers and other recently proposed active devices. The modelfor such a device is nothing but a two port classically knownas Nullor. To obtain practical implementations of the UAD, orNullor, a unified aproach is proposed. The basis of the approachis the use of a single cell consisting of a voltage and currentbuffer, also known as negative second-generation Current Conveyor(CCII –). We obtained the four most simple implementationsfor the UAD as a paradigm of more complex ones. Non ideal effectsof these practical implementations are theoretically analysed,particularly parasitic impedances associated to the interconnectionsof the CCII – cells, and then their influence insome simple amplifier stages. It is demonstrated that while anyUAD implementation can be used in a given application, its performanceis strongly dependent on its implementation. Also, a novel floatingstructure for a General Impedance Converter (GIC) type impedance,containing two UADs, is suggested. Simulation results are givensupporting the ideas presented here.     

数字隔离器:解决汽车xEV应用中的设计难题

在为汽车xEV应用开发解决方案时,设计师会遇到的一个难题是如何在高压电池域与低压电池域电子元件之间传递数字数据。这一难题出现在多种应用之中,比如电池电压监测、电池电流测量、高压接触器监测、电机控制等。一种典型的电池管理系统(BMS)应用如图1所示,其中高亮显示的几个区域需要数字信号隔离,接下来我们将以其为基础,探讨各种设计考虑因素。在BMS应用中,设计师需要开发一种解决方案,以将来自各种集成电路的高速数字信号跨过隔离栅进行     

MEMS惯性传感器在汽车中的应用

虽然大多数人都知道当今的汽车使用微电子机械系统(MEMS)加速度计检测安速度衰减,进而决定是否启用安全气囊,但是可能还不知道MEMS惯性传感器在汽车中有许多其它安全性和方便性系统的应用.本文讨论MEMS惯性传感器的一些新兴的汽车应用,以及改进当今汽车和卡车的安全性、方便性和可靠性的那些MEMS惯性传感器的性能指标.     

汽车闪光灯用固态继电器

Motorola公司的MC33288固态继电器是为汽车闪光灯应用而设计的.它是一款双高端开关器件,有适合汽车闪光灯应用的控制、保护和诊断功能.     

模拟开关断电保护功能实现更稳健的系统设计

模拟开关可用于众多的应用系统中,包括手机、PDA之类的便携式手持设备以及计算机、显示器之类的消费电子设备.无论应用中涉及的是音频、视频、USB还是控制信号,系统设计人员经常都会碰到这样的情况:开关在未加电前其输入就已经出现非零信号.在输入信号过压的情况下,采用标准设计技术的模拟开关很容易在输入端上形成意外的假信号(缺乏断电信号隔离措施)和造成漏电流超标.由于开关在未加电时缺乏信号隔离措施,这种假信号会漏过开关,从而扰乱系统的数据采集或处理.而电流泄漏则是个更严重的问题,会导致设备失效和产品返修.为此,飞兆半导体为其最新的模拟开关产品开发了专门的断电保护(Power-Off Protection)电路,使模拟开关不但能够承受过压,而且能确保在断电时保证信号隔离.本文会阐述出现这类过压的一些常见应用情形,并详细讨论标准的模拟开关如何响应这个事件.最后,本文还将从数据信号通道和可靠性的角度,探讨这种断电保护功能如何克服这些设计挑战和实现系统保护.     

适合高效能模拟应用的线性电压稳压器

描述多种线性稳压器架构的基本运作原则、最重要参数及针对特定规格选用适当线性稳压器的要点。