Synthesis of hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitors for oil production

Pyridinium salts have been synthesized by reacting 2-allyl- and 4-propenylphenoxy(C₂–C₄)bromoalkanes with pyridine and further examined as inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide corrosion of St3 steel in water-salt systems containing H₂S. The dependence of the protective properties of the test compounds on their structure has been revealed. It has been found that N-(2-propenylphenoxytetamethylene)pyridinium bromide exhibits the best inhibitory properties (degree of corrosion protection at a concentration of 100 mg L^?1 is 96.0%).     

Polymeric inhibitors of hydrogen sulfide corrosion

The aggregation properties of hydrophobized polyethyleneimines and their inhibitory activity in hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion of iron were studied. The critical association concentrations, the radii of polymer aggregates formed in aqueous and aqueous alcohol solutions of polyethyleneimines, were determined. It was shown that these polymers at a concentration of 10–25 mg/l display a high inhibiting activity in the reaction of hydrogen sulfide corrosion of iron.     

硫化氢腐蚀数据库的建立

天然气中含有的硫化氢对管线及设备具有强烈的腐蚀性,了解硫化氢腐蚀情况,采取恰当的防腐措施对天然气的安全生产及成本降低具有至关重要的意义.文中阐述了硫化氢的腐蚀原理及参数,说明了建立"硫化氢腐蚀数据库"的现实意义.     

热喷涂技术在液化气球罐氢鼓包防治中的应用

2002年10月河南油田石蜡精细化工厂的一台200m3液化气球罐在压力容器定检中，在一块瓜片上发现10处鼓包。经南阳市锅炉压力容器检验所检验，该容器安全等级定为4级，允许监控使用一年。该厂共有液化气球罐15台，从50～2000m3，而出现氢鼓包，尚属首次。相关资料表明，液化气储罐一旦出现氢鼓包，其发展为开裂的速度是惊人的，往往在一年之内。因此，探索氢鼓包的防治，对避免液化气泄漏、着火甚至爆炸是十分重要的。1球罐概况1.1技术参数设计压力1.6MPa容积200m3设计温度50℃壁厚30mm材质16MnR介质液化石油气支柱数量6公称直径7100mm操作…     

固井水泥石的硫化氢腐蚀机理与抗腐蚀方法研究

在含H2S气体的油气田开发中,H2S的腐蚀问题很严重,不仅腐蚀套管,而且对水泥石的腐蚀也很严重。在这些油田开发中,固井问题变得复杂,如果我们能研究清楚H2S对固井水泥石的腐蚀问题,那么就能更好的采取防治措施防止H2S对固井水泥石的腐蚀,更能防止对套管的腐蚀。本文分析了固井水泥石H2S腐蚀的腐蚀机理,以及影响因素,阐述了固井水泥石抗H2S腐蚀的机理、方法、水泥浆体系,耐H2S腐蚀水泥浆类型。     

Optimization of synthesis of a sulfonate hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitor

The inhibiting power of calcium alkylphenol sulfonate obtained by varying the ratios of the initial components was investigated with the optimization method. Using a method from mathematical statistics, the optimum values of the ratio of the basic reagents and conditions of synthesis of effective hydrogen-sulfide metal corrosion inhibitors were found.     

New, effective carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitors based on white phosphorus, sulfur, alcohols, and amines

New ammonium salts of dithiophosphoric O,O′-diesters have been obtained by simple and convenient (one pot) methods of synthesis from white phosphorus (P4), elemental sulfur, alcohols, phenols (including hydroxyethylated nonylphenols), and amines. It has been revealed that the ammonium salts of O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphoric acids obtained are effective inhibitors of carbon dioxide corrosion (protective effect Z = 90–99%) and hydrogen sulfide corrosion (Z = 88–89%) of a mild steel. It has been shown that the inhibitory activity against carbon dioxide corrosion depends on neither theamine nature nor the chain length of the alkyl substituent in the ester group and the protective effect in the case of hydrogen sulfide corrosion depends on the nature of the reactant alcohol or amine and may slightly decrease (by 10–15%). An advantage of these inhibitors is that their protective effect in carbon dioxide corrosion is enhanced with temperature (30–80°C), rather than decreases.     

硫化氢分解制取氢和单质硫研究进展

综述了硫化氢分解制氢和硫技术的研究进展,包括反应原理,高温热分解法、催化热分解法、超绝热分解法、电化学法、微波分解法、等离子体法和光催化分解法等硫化氢分解制氢和硫技术,并比较和分析了各技术的优缺点,展望了的未来发展趋势。     

油酸基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂的合成及其缓蚀性能评价

以油酸与三乙烯四胺或四乙烯五胺为原料、甲苯为携水剂,控制不同的酸胺摩尔比,合成出一系列单环或双环油酸基咪唑啉类缓蚀剂,通过元素分析法和红外光谱法对产品进行了结构表征,并利用静态失重法考察了咪唑啉环数对缓蚀剂缓蚀性能的影响.结果表明,当酸胺摩尔比为1.0:1.1时,反应产物为单环咪唑啉衍生物;当酸胺摩尔比为2.0:1.1时,形成双环咪唑啉衍生物;用油酸与四乙烯五胺摩尔比为1.0:1.1合成的单环油酸基咪唑啉作缓蚀剂,当其添加量为6 mg/L时,缓蚀率可达99%以上.     

硫化氢对气田钢材的腐蚀影响及防治

金属腐蚀造成的经济损失占国民经济总产值的1％～4％,每年腐蚀的钢材占我国生产总量的20％．有30％钢材、设备、工具因腐蚀而报废。由于腐蚀造成的经济损失每年高达300亿元以上,占国民生产总值的4％。高合硫化氢气田的井况防治技术是油田勘探开发工程中的重要一环,防治技术的好坏关系到油田的产能建设和开发速度。针对气田硫化氢对钢材的伤害及影响因素、预防措施、修复技术进行了探讨。     

Synthesis of methylmercaptan from methanol and hydrogen sulfide at elevated pressure on an industrial catalyst

The catalytic reaction of methanol with hydrogen sulfide at a total pressure of 0.1–1.8 MPa was investigated. The main product at different values of total pressure in the system was methylmercaptan, and the by-products were dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl ether, carbon oxides. An increase in the contact time increased the yields of methylmercaptan and dimethyl sulfide, whereas the yields of dimethyl ether and gases changed slightly. The selectivity for methylmercaptan was approximately constant up to a ～95% conversion of methanol. The elevation in temperature increased the reaction rate but barely affected the product formation selectivity. The rate of methanol conversion increases linearly with the hydrogen sulfide concentration and depends on the methanol concentration raised to a power of 0.4–0.5; water retards the process. The selectivity for methylmercaptan decreases, and that for dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl ether increases at an H₂S to methanol molar ratio below 1.4: 1, regardless of the value of total pressure. The reaction rate increases with the total pressure raised to a power 0.4–0.5; however, the selectivities for methylmercaptan and by-products remain unchanged.     

Stripping of hydrogen sulfide from visbreaking resid

Technical and production solutions ensuring a commercial boiler fuel with a hydrogen sulfide content of no more than 2 ppm are developed as a result of the basic design of a unit for stripping hydrogen sulfide from visbreaking resid. The potential exists for a further increase in the output of the visbreaking plant to 2 million tons/year, where the actual output achieved is 1.4 million tons/year.     

Effect of oxygen and hydrogen sulfide on carbon dioxide corrosion of welded structures of oil and gas installations

Conclusions  

天然气成分对硫化氢制氢反应影响的热力学分析

采用热力学分析方法探究了天然气中存在的CH_4、CO_2成分对H_2S制氢反应的影响。考虑了含有H_2S的4种反应体系以及可能生成的6种主要产物,应用Aspen模拟软件,计算了体系压力为0.1 MPa、温度在400~1 000℃的等温等压吉布斯平衡反应器内的H_2S转化率及H2收率,讨论了CH_4、CO_2的存在及其浓度的影响。结果表明,CH_4或CO_2的加入,均可大幅提高H_2S的转化率,且对提高温度和增加浓度都是有利的。CH_4的存在还可显著增加H_2收率,但CO_2的作用则相反。当二者同时存在时,体系主要发生CH_4-CO_2重整反应,生成大量H_2,并抑制H_2S的转化。     

超重力环境下选择性脱除气体中的硫化氢的工艺研究

利用H2S和CO2的动力学的差异,采用超重力技术对H2S进行选择性吸收,分别考察转速、气体流量、液体流量以及胺浓度对选择性的影响。结果表明,当转速900r/m、气体流量2m3/h、液体流量0.08m3/h、胺浓度2mol/L,此时选择性为17.01%,在该条件下的脱硫效果甚好,脱硫率达到了99.21%,达到了脱除H2S的要求。     

活性炭基脱硫剂吸附脱除天然气中H_2S的研究

以活性炭为载体,采用浸渍法制备了以CuO为活性组分的活性炭基的天然气脱硫剂CuO/AC,考察了脱硫剂的制备条件对脱硫效果的影响,并对脱硫剂性能进行了评价。研究结果表明,适宜的脱硫剂制备条件为,当活性组分含量5.0%,焙烧温度350℃,焙烧时间1.0h～2.0h时,脱硫效果最好,穿透硫容可达20.80%。在气体空速为600h-1～800h-1,温度20℃,压力常压条件下,本研究的吸附剂的脱硫性能好于国外的RGM。