集成化可视化的知识检索服务平台建设

本文总结中国科学院用户的主要信息需求,并从数字资源的统一发现、数字资源的关联化和对象化组织、基于知识组织体系的相关性检索技术以及可视化的检索和展示技术方面分析国外相关研究概况,提出集成化可视化知识检索服务平台的体系框架,最后介绍集成化可视化知识检索服务平台的功能实现.     

基于本体的非结构化知识库系统研究

本文提出一种基于本体的非结构化知识管理系统框架.在该框架中,知识库由知识体和应用本体两部分组成,可解决知识的重用和共享问题.知识检索可以通过知识地图导航和自动检索两种方式完成,有一定的智能性.知识管理门户采用XML和XSL相结合的开发方法,具有动态特点.本文还对知识库的安全管理方法进行了初步研究,提出了一个可用的知识库安全管理解决方案.     

数字孪生小浪底知识库建设研究与实践

随着大数据、人工智能等新技术的飞速发展，信息技术在水利工程运行管理中正发挥越来越重要的支撑作用。数字孪生小浪底作为水利部数字孪生水利建设的首批试点工程，其知识库的建设是数字孪生小浪底的核心组成部分，技术难度大，业务场景应用面临着较大挑战。本文针对数字孪生小浪底知识库的建设进行了系统性的研究与实践，采用了知识引擎、知识库和知识应用三部分组成的知识库架构体系，实现了基于水利知识的检索、问答、推荐和推理决策等多样化服务，并在数字孪生“四预”业务应用中进行实践和验证，为小浪底枢纽的工程安全和防汛调度等核心业务提供了重要支撑。本文数字孪生小浪底知识库建设为类似水利工程具有参考价值和实践意义。     

数字教学资源管理体系框架研究

随着计算机技术的发展,现代教育技术是教育现代化的基础,数字化教学资源建设根本目的是为教学服务,为学生与社会学习者服务,本文从数字教学资源管理入手,对数字教学资源管理平台的管理功能、数字资源管理平台的建设框架体系进行研究和探索,以提高平台的服务功能     

区块链技术在数字知识资产管理中的应用

值得注意的是,区块链技术的出现是Web2.0时代数字知识管理的一站式服务,是中国区块\美国和欧洲数字化知识管理的平台。本文介绍了数字知识产权的注册和版权标识,以区块链技术为基础,进一步推动区块链技术在资产管理中的应用。     

浅谈网络教学辅助平台的建设

本文主要阐述利用数据库、网络等信息技术来构建与教学实践紧密结合、辅助教学平台的功能框架与技术思路。首先针对教学实践对信息辅助平台的需求确定系统目标远景。主要是利用信息技术实现教学资源一体化、规范化、共享化,服务于教学实践。根据系统目标细化平台的功能要点。主要包括:教学资源、考核评估、知识库三个方面的内容。围绕系统主要功能确定系统基本技术框架,对系统技术要求的基本难点、要点进行可行性研究。重点包括:应用框架、系统性能解决途径、数据库全文搜索技术等要点。全文从以上几个关键问题思考辅助教学平台建设思想,为平台建设提供切实可行的解决方案。     

基于云计算的知识资源服务系统的设计与实现

随着数字出版业的发展,多媒体内容快速增长,数据流量在急剧膨胀,企业的IT投资压力迅速增加。为了应对以上挑战,本文介绍了知识资源服务系统的系统架构、具体设计方案以及实现机制。系统实现了文件资源管理、资源加工以及知识资源服务等功能基于云计算技术构建知识库能够满足出版社向专业化内容服务提供商转型发展的需要。     

浅谈网络教学辅助平台的建设

本文主要阐述利用数据库、网络等信息技术来构建与教学实践紧密结合、辅助教学平台的功能框架与技术思路。首先针对教学实践对信息辅助平台的需求确定系统目标远景。主要是利用信息技术实现教学资源一体化、规范化、共享化，服务于教学实践根据系统目标细化平台的功能要点。主要包括：教学资源、考核评估、知识库三个方面的内容，围绕系统主要功能确定系统基本技术框架，对系统技术要求的基本难点、要点进行可行性研究。重点包括：应用框架、系统性能解决途径、数据库全文搜索技术等要点，全文从以上几个关键问题思考辅助教学平台建设思想，为平台建设提供切实可行的解决方案。     

高校机构知识库元数据质量控制问题研究

纵观国内外研究现状,专家们还未制定出比较系统的、普遍适用的质量控制机制。机构知识库中的元数据的质量控制,对于提高整个知识库的质量有着重要意义。提出通过引入OAI—PMH元数据收割协议和DC元数据来保证元数据的规范性,并分析挖掘元数据之间的内在关系,以实现元数据的提交智能化,通过丰富机构中基础数据的建设和加强平台控制功能,从而实现对元数据的质量控制。根据以上提出的元数据质量控制方法,针对高校机构知识库中元数据的特点,提出了具体的质量控制方案,验证了所提方法的可行性。     

行业知识库研究

行业知识库是知识库应用发展的一个重要方向。简要阐述了行业知识库的概念和功能特点,建立了行业知识库系统体系结构参考模型,以该模型描述的问题为框架系统梳理了相关领域的研究进展,总结了行业知识库研究现状的特点,力图为系统研究行业知识库的理论方法奠定基础。     

KnowledgeScope: managing knowledge in context

Knowledge repositories have been implemented in many organizations, but they often suffer from non-use. This research considers two key design factors that cause non-use: the extra burden on users to document knowledge in the repository, and the lack of a standard knowledge structure that facilitates knowledge sharing among users with different perspectives. We propose a design of a knowledge management system called KnowledgeScope that addresses these problems through (1) an integrated workflow support capability that captures and retrieves knowledge as an organizational process proceeds, i.e., within the context in which it is created and used, and (2) a process meta-model that organizes that knowledge and context in a knowledge repository. In this paper, we describe this design and report the results from implementing it in a real-life organization.     

The new frontier of institutional repositories: A common destination with different paths1

Since the Fall 2002 ARL/CNI/SPARC workshop on digital institutional repositories, many research libraries have considered whether institutional repositories are feasible for their institutions. Though institutional repositories offer great possibilities, associated technical and policy challenges can be intimidating, especially for institutions devoting limited resources to an institutional repository. This paper presents the experiences of three different ARL (Association of Research Libraries) member libraries who wanted to exploit the opportunities offered by institutional repositories. These libraries at Florida State University, the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and the Georgia Institute of Technology differed in their motivations, the resources that were available within their respective institutions, and the strategies they employed for defining, scoping and implementing repositories. Their accounts of the journey to a shared destination illustrate how varied the surrounding landscapes and selected paths can become.     

A Latent Semantic Indexing-based approach to multilingual document clustering

The creation and deployment of knowledge repositories for managing, sharing, and reusing tacit knowledge within an organization has emerged as a prevalent approach in current knowledge management practices. A knowledge repository typically contains vast amounts of formal knowledge elements, which generally are available as documents. To facilitate users' navigation of documents within a knowledge repository, knowledge maps, often created by document clustering techniques, represent an appealing and promising approach. Various document clustering techniques have been proposed in the literature, but most deal with monolingual documents (i.e., written in the same language). However, as a result of increased globalization and advances in Internet technology, an organization often maintains documents in different languages in its knowledge repositories, which necessitates multilingual document clustering (MLDC) to create organizational knowledge maps. Motivated by the significance of this demand, this study designs a Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI)-based MLDC technique capable of generating knowledge maps (i.e., document clusters) from multilingual documents. The empirical evaluation results show that the proposed LSI-based MLDC technique achieves satisfactory clustering effectiveness, measured by both cluster recall and cluster precision, and is capable of maintaining a good balance between monolingual and cross-lingual clustering effectiveness when clustering a multilingual document corpus.     

Reuse of knowledge assets from repositories: A mixed methods study

Reuse of information retrieved from an electronic knowledge repository and how this complements person-to-person interactions are poorly understood. I developed a research model that examined factors influencing how individuals benefit from reuse of knowledge assets. Using a mixed method approach, two empirical studies were conducted to test the model. The results showed that two key factors helped users to overcome difficulties in reusing knowledge assets: seeking assistance from and sharing a common perspective with the author of the asset. The study explains when and how individuals receive benefits from knowledge reuse. When individuals reuse complex knowledge assets in domains with which they are unfamiliar, they apparently gain more benefit by contacting the author; sharing a common perspective with the author also facilitates asset reuse. Thus both electronic repositories and person-to-person interaction mechanisms complement one another in facilitating knowledge sharing.     

社区云的关键技术、架构及挑战——以科技云为例

社区云是云计算四种部署模式中应用较少的一种,但对于面向科研和学术界的云服务却有其特点和优势,非常值得探索。本文结合中国科学院科技云的实践,讨论了身份管理与授权、服务集成、测量与运行管理三项关键技术,提出了一种适合社区云的联盟和微服务架构,并指出社区云在模式和机制、可靠性、安全、组织管理等方面所面临的挑战。     

身份管理发展趋势和中国科学院身份管理系统

用户通过使用网络身份访问互联网应用及服务。身份管理整合了用户身份信息保护和资源访问控制等诸多技术,为优化用户体验奠定基础。本文基于网络身份特点及身份管理基础框架,分析了身份管理的发展趋势,并介绍了基于云架构的中国科学院统一身份管理系统应用案例,该系统使用单点登录、多重认证和多级安全策略,实现了应用服务间网络身份的安全高效部署及融合。     

中国科学院院工作会议报名系统设计与实现

为解决中国科学院院工作会议在传真收发方式下报名效率低下的问题,通过分析中国科学院院工作会议的会务管理需求和工作流程,设计了基于JSP与Oracle的院工作会议报名系统,实现了面向报名单位、报名信息自动生成的院工作会议报名系统,在提高中国科学院院工作会议的会务管理水平的同时也显著降低了会务管理的工作量.     

Why and how developers fork what from whom in GitHub

Forking is the creation of a new software repository by copying another repository. Though forking is controversial in traditional open source software (OSS) community, it is encouraged and is a built-in feature in GitHub. Developers freely fork repositories, use codes as their own and make changes. A deep understanding of repository forking can provide important insights for OSS community and GitHub. In this paper, we explore why and how developers fork what from whom in GitHub. We collect a dataset containing 236,344 developers and 1,841,324 forks. We make surveys, and analyze programming languages and owners of forked repositories. Our main observations are: (1) Developers fork repositories to submit pull requests, fix bugs, add new features and keep copies etc. Developers find repositories to fork from various sources: search engines, external sites (e.g., Twitter, Reddit), social relationships, etc. More than 42 % of developers that we have surveyed agree that an automated recommendation tool is useful to help them pick repositories to fork, while more than 44.4 % of developers do not value a recommendation tool. Developers care about repository owners when they fork repositories. (2) A repository written in a developer’s preferred programming language is more likely to be forked. (3) Developers mostly fork repositories from creators. In comparison with unattractive repository owners, attractive repository owners have higher percentage of organizations, more followers and earlier registration in GitHub. Our results show that forking is mainly used for making contributions of original repositories, and it is beneficial for OSS community. Moreover, our results show the value of recommendation and provide important insights for GitHub to recommend repositories.     

中国科学院院所网络终端安全防护系统的设计与实现

随着互联网的快速发展,网络安全事件愈演愈烈,中国科学院院所网络也面临着各种各样的安全威胁。为了保障中国科学院网络终端的安全,本文给出了一个网络终端安全防护系统的设计方案,对中国科学院院所网络中的计算机终端实施包括安全配置、漏洞修复、病毒查杀等在内的全方位安全保护。系统分为客户端和服务器端两个部分,不仅普通用户可以通过系统的客户端对自己的计算机进行安全检测与修复,而且管理员也可以通过服务器端对客户端计算机进行安全管理。通过对系统的实际部署测试,验证了其保护网络终端安全的有效性。