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1.
倾角对裂隙岩体力学特性影响试验模拟研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
为了解决工程中遇到的裂隙岩体的开挖与防护问题,用水泥砂浆制作试样,模拟具有不同倾角的贯通裂隙岩体,利用电液伺服万能试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆分别对试样施加静、动荷载,分析倾角对裂隙岩体静、动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,裂隙岩体的破坏具有脆性破坏的特征;其强度具有应变率敏感性,随着应变率的提高,强度也得到提高;倾角对裂隙岩体的静、动态力学性能有影响,静态荷载下的抗压强度在裂隙倾角为45°时最小,O°和90°时最大,而动力荷载下的抗压强度则是在裂隙倾角为30°时最小,90°时最大.  相似文献   

2.
为了研究动静组合SHPB加载下砂岩变形破坏、能量演化特性,运用LS-DYNA软件建立相关数值模型,在满足一维应力和应力应变均匀化假定的前提下,以轴压和围压为变量进行模拟分析.模拟结果表明:轴压比小于0.4时,砂岩动态抗压强度表现出线性率效应,轴压和围压使得砂岩发生压剪破坏和层间错动破坏,对砂岩能耗规律影响较大,但单一能量的变化趋势几乎不受影响;一维动静组合模拟中,轴压为20 MPa时,随着加载应变率的增加,能量利用率先增加后减小,轴压为40 MPa时,能量利用率持续下降;三维动静组合模拟中,围压对于能量利用率的影响规律较为复杂,但总体上呈下降趋势.  相似文献   

3.
近年来随着公路运输业的发展,公路运输成为货运主要方式之一.同时道路交通事故、桥梁塌陷事件也屡见不鲜,货运车辆超载是导致桥梁质量降低、寿命周期缩短的主要原因之一,同时由于桥梁建设过程中赶工期、方法不当、管理不严、降低材料标准等都会降低桥梁的质量,因此为确保桥梁安全使用需要对其做承载力鉴定.桥梁荷载试验是目前测定桥梁实际可...  相似文献   

4.
如何准确地描述岩体裂隙水的流动状态是一个重要课题.与原位实验相比,利用数值模拟方法研究裂隙岩体渗流问题,具有高效、经济、可重复性强等特点.然而,较准确的岩体裂隙网格模拟和裂隙水流动模拟系统的设计与实现,是数值模拟方法研究的两个难点.非连续裂隙网络仿真主要采用Monte Carlo技术,结合裂隙统计学特征,进行随机模拟.先研究区域内随机生成符合地质统计学规律的裂隙网络,再对渗流有贡献的裂隙进行筛选并自动离散,最后利用水量均衡原理计算出各节点的水头.通过开发相应的程序包,提高岩体裂隙渗流计算的规模和准确性,为进一步研究水在岩石中的作用打下基础.  相似文献   

5.
三维动静组合加载下花岗岩能量耗散试验研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
利用改造的三维霍普金森试验系统(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB),选取4个轴压水平(25, 50, 75和100 MPa)和4个围压水平(0, 5, 10和15 MPa),对应开展4种应变率(约70, 90, 110和130 s-1)下花岗岩三维动静组合加载试验研究,分析静载轴压、静载围压和应变率对花岗岩受冲击过程中能量耗散的影响规律,并讨论其破坏模式。试验结果表明:轴压增大时,花岗岩破坏时单位体积吸收能逐渐降低;围压或应变率增大时,单位体积吸收能逐渐升高。岩石储能极限在能量耗散过程中发挥关键作用,且不同情况下具体表现不同:储能极限与初始储能的差值影响岩石受冲击时的吸能值;当岩石在静载下进入损伤阶段初期时,储能极限与初始储能的比值决定岩石受冲击时的释能值;当岩石在静载下进入损伤阶段后期甚至发生屈服时,储能极限值正比于岩石释能值。此外,岩石破坏模式与单位体积耗散能关系密切:应变率相似静载组合变化时,破碎程度与单位体积吸收能变化呈负相关;静载组合确定应变率梯度变化时,破碎程度与单位体积吸收能变化呈正相关。  相似文献   

6.
利用改造的三维霍普金森试验系统(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB),选取4个轴压水平(25, 50, 75和100 MPa)和4个围压水平(0, 5, 10和15 MPa),对应开展4种应变率(约70, 90, 110和130 s-1)下花岗岩三维动静组合加载试验研究,分析静载轴压、静载围压和应变率对花岗岩受冲击过程中能量耗散的影响规律,并讨论其破坏模式。试验结果表明:轴压增大时,花岗岩破坏时单位体积吸收能逐渐降低;围压或应变率增大时,单位体积吸收能逐渐升高。岩石储能极限在能量耗散过程中发挥关键作用,且不同情况下具体表现不同:储能极限与初始储能的差值影响岩石受冲击时的吸能值;当岩石在静载下进入损伤阶段初期时,储能极限与初始储能的比值决定岩石受冲击时的释能值;当岩石在静载下进入损伤阶段后期甚至发生屈服时,储能极限值正比于岩石释能值。此外,岩石破坏模式与单位体积耗散能关系密切:应变率相似静载组合变化时,破碎程度与单位体积吸收能变化呈负相关;静载组合确定应变率梯度变化时,破碎程度与单位体积吸收能变化呈正相关。  相似文献   

7.
为进一步了解复杂裂隙断裂破坏过程,基于断裂力学理论,采用PFC2D软件对不同裂隙数量岩体进行数值试验,分析裂隙倾角、围压等因素对岩体强度及裂纹扩展的影响规律。研究表明:随着裂隙倾角增大,单裂隙峰值应力和起裂应力先减小后增大,当围压由2 MPa增加到8 MPa时,峰值应力约从120 MPa增大到160 MPa,且起裂应力随着围压增大而增大,与理论分析结果一致;双裂隙倾角为30°和45°裂隙扩展以翼型裂纹和次生斜裂纹为主,裂隙倾角为60°和90°时主要为共面次生裂纹;不同围压下,随着预制裂隙数量增多,裂隙岩体试样峰值应力逐渐减小。研究成果为进一步探索裂隙岩体失稳破坏规律提供参考。  相似文献   

8.
为了研究结构面对破碎岩体力学参数的影响,以溧阳抽水蓄能电站地下厂房工程建设为例,在现场围岩地质条件、岩体结构特征及岩体质量分级等研究的基础上,分别选取主厂房顶拱、上游边墙和下游边墙三处裂隙的密度、迹长和倾角等参数进行统计,基于Monte-Carlo法构建离散裂隙网络,最后通过三轴压缩试验离散元模拟研究离散裂隙网络对岩体...  相似文献   

9.
内水压下含中空裂隙新型材料的压裂试验及数值模拟研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
最新研制了一种完全透明、-10~ -15℃下拉压强度比达1/6.6的树脂材料,其与岩石特性的相似程度比前人有大幅提高。制作了内置单裂隙试件,所含裂隙为中空张开型。通过采用自主设计的注水设备和低温加载装置,开展了固定水压作用下,水压分别为2MPa、4MPa时的单轴压缩试验和水压2MPa时的双轴压缩试验。详细描述了试件的次生裂纹形态和裂隙扩展过程,分析其产生的条件与机制,对比了有水与无水条件下试件破裂规律的异同,并采用FLAC3D开展数值模拟研究。在FLAC3D自带均质流体模型基础上,引入改进的弹脆性本构模型,对损伤单元的力学参数和渗透系数进行二次定义,计算结果与文中试验相符程度良好,表明了新数值模拟方法的有效性,可以很好反映水压作用下裂隙岩体强度和稳定性的变化特征。  相似文献   

10.
针对裂隙密度较大的岩体,利用等效连续介质理论,建立了裂隙岩体在雾化雨入渗下的饱和-非饱和渗流数学模型。根据雾化雨模型试验,选定雾化雨的强度。结合自然降雨,对裂隙岩体岸坡进行了雾化雨入渗的数值分析。分析结果显示,相对与薄雾区和自然降雨区,暴雨区的孔隙水压力升高较快,易形成对边坡稳定不利的暂态饱和区。因此,暴雨区的坡面防护和坡内排水应给予重视。  相似文献   

11.
According to the catastrophe model for impact buckling of static loading structures, a new catastrophe model for impact loading failure of a static loading rock system was established, and one dimension (1D) catastrophe model was analyzed. The analysis results indicate that the furcation collection where catastrophe may take place is not only decided by mechanical system itself but also relates to exterior loading, which is different from the results obtained under mono-static loading where the bifurcation collection is only determined by mechanics of the system itself and has nothing to do with exterior loading. In addition, the corresponding 1D coupled static-dynamic loading experiment is designed to verify the analysis results of catastrophe model. The test is done with Instron 1342 electroservo controlled testing system, in which medium strain rate is caused by monotony rising dynamic load. The parameters are obtained combining theoretical model with experiment. The experimental and theoretical curves of critical dynamic load vs static load are rather coincided, thus the new model is proved to be correct.  相似文献   

12.
由于试验的复杂性,高温后混凝土在复杂应力状态下的动态力学性能研究一直较少,但在建筑物火灾和国防军事防护工程中,混凝土结构多处于多轴应力和冲击荷载的共同作用下.为研究静动组合荷载下混凝土高温后双轴动态力学性能,采用真三轴静、动力综合加载试验系统,使用真三轴试验机预先施加双轴轴压,再利用SHPB试验装置,分别对常温(25℃...  相似文献   

13.
分级循环荷载下裂隙岩石裂隙扩展模式、疲劳变形特性以及能量演化规律对地下工程安全施工和运营有着重要意义。考虑裂隙角度、裂隙数量和裂隙分布开展常规劈裂试验、分级循环荷载试验和非接触变形测量试验,对破坏特征、动弹性模量进行分析,研究轴向不可逆变形与疲劳寿命之间的关系。从能量角度出发,计算破坏过程中的总吸收能量、可释放应变能及耗散能,分析能量演化与裂隙扩展模式响应关系。研究结果表明:1)岩石疲劳变形可分为初始变形阶段、稳定阶段和加速破坏阶段,滞回环曲线呈现出“疏—密—疏”的特性,对每200个循环的动弹性模量进行分析,加载第2阶段动弹性模量有强化特征,进入第3阶段后动弹性模量减小;2)总吸收能、耗散能和弹性能都呈上升趋势,总吸收能增长缓慢,增长速度随着循环次数增加逐渐变缓,耗散能在进入破坏阶段后迅速上升,弹性应变能变化趋势不明显,中等倾角的耗散能较多;3)在破坏过程中均会产生翼裂纹和倾斜次生裂纹,裂纹相互作用和合并,产生连续塑性应变累积,形成压碎的小颗粒碎屑,这与静荷载作用下脆性破坏机制不同。  相似文献   

14.
裂隙岩体渗流是影响岩体稳定性的重要因素之一。裂隙中的流体流动不仅会产生渗流力,而且会降低裂隙面的强度,致使边坡失稳、隧道塌方等事故频发。为揭示渗流作用对裂隙岩体边坡块体稳定性的作用机理,基于关键块体理论,提出一种同时考虑渗流力和结构面水弱化作用的稳定性分析方法,其中,渗流力基于渗流理论和统一管网法计算,结构面水弱化根据经验公式确定。以某岩质边坡为例,采用该方法对边坡在渗流作用下的块体稳定性开展研究。研究结果表明,渗流力与结构面水弱化作用对裂隙岩体边坡块体稳定性的作用方式不同,渗流力既会改变块体的抗滑力又会改变块体的滑动力,对块体稳定性的影响较为复杂,包括改变块体的稳定状态、滑移面、失稳形式;结构面水弱化只降低块体的抗滑力,进而降低块体的稳定性,不改变块体的失稳形式。此外,对于裂隙边坡工程,通常存在一个最危险渗流压力值。  相似文献   

15.
Dynamic response and failure behavior of rock under static-dynamic loading were studied. The effects of initial static load on the total energy dissipated during the failure process of specimen were analyzed. To simulate the engineering situation that in-situ rock experienced and obtain the dynamic loading with an intermediate strain rate, a low cycle fatigue load with the frequency from 0.5 to 5 Hz was adopted by servo-controlled Instron material testing system. The results show that the obtained strain rate increase with the increase of load frequency. The initial static load has great influence on both the energy and dynamic response of rock. Both the energy and the maximum failure load Pf decreases with the increase of initial static load. Pf under the static-dynamic loading is larger than that under only the static loading but less than that under only the dynamic loading. The load-displacement curves become nonlinear as the pre-added static load reaches the transition point which is about one third of static strength. With the increase of initial static load, Young‘s modulus decreases and poisson ratio increases. It shows that rock has a lower strength and a tendency to soften under a higher initial static load. Rock may be broken more easily static-dynamic loading than under only the dynamic loading. The proposed method is useful in the investigation of constitutive relationship and failure behavior of rock under quasi-dynamic loading.  相似文献   

16.
It is not uncommon that backfill material used in underground mining being exposed to repetitive dynamic stresses induced by blasting operations or rockburst events. Understanding the strength and fracture evolution of backfilled stopes is critical to maintain the long-term stope stability and ensure safe mining activities. This paper aims to study the damage evolution of the backfill material and its host rock behaviour under three-dimensional(3D) dynamic loading. Using a true-triaxial testing machine, multiple samples of backfill material enclosed by country rock were fabricated and tested under various dynamic loadings with different true-triaxial confining stress conditions. In addition, the nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) measurement was conducted on the samples before and after exerting static and dynamic loading to obtain their porosity distribution changes. The experiment results suggested that with the increase of the dynamic loading, the porosity of the backfill sample goes through a two-stage process,which shows a slightly linear decrease and then followed by an exponential increase. The research findings can help understand the damage mechanism and fracture development of backfilled stopes and its host rock in deep underground mines, which are constantly subject to the combination of 3D static confining stress and dynamic loading.  相似文献   

17.
水力耦合裂隙岩体变形破坏机制研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为深入了解水力耦合作用下裂隙岩体变形破坏机制,正确评价岩体工程的安全性和稳定性,通过收集整理国内外文献,系统综述了水力耦合完整岩体和裂隙岩体变形破坏方面研究的进展与成果.简述了水力耦合下完整岩体和裂隙岩体的力学特性,侧重总结了水力耦合单一裂隙岩体渗流公式,包括流量与隙宽指数n之间关系、渗透(导水)系数与正应力之间关系以及渗透特性与剪应力之间关系的数学公式.重点分析了水力耦合裂隙岩体变形破坏机制的最新研究进展,介绍了声发射(AE)、超声波(UT)、偏光显微镜(PM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及计算机断层摄影(CT)等先进的辅助试验技术在变形破坏分析中的应用.归纳了数学耦合模型、数值分析方法的优缺点及适用条件.最后,指出了当前水力耦合裂隙岩体研究中存在的一些问题,提出了一些指导性意见,并从几方面展望了未来的发展趋势,即机理研究从宏细观转向微观、数值模拟从粗糙转向精细、工程应用从水力耦合转向多场耦合.  相似文献   

18.
To investigate the bedding influence on coal mechanical behaviour in underground environments such as coal or rock burst, simulations of dynamic SHPB tests of pre-stressed coal specimens with different bedding angles were carried out using a particle flow code 2-dimensional(PFC2D). Three impact velocities of 4, 8 and 12 m/s were selected to study dynamic behaviours of coal containing bedding planes under different dynamic loads. The simulation results showed that the existence of bedding planes leads to the degradation of the mechanical properties and their weakening effect significantly depends on the angle h between the bedding planes and load direction. With h increaseing from 0° to 90°, the strength first decreased and subsequently increased and specimens became most vulnerable when h was 30° or 45°.Five failure modes were observed in the specimens in the context of macro-cracks. Furthermore, energy characteristics combined with ultimate failure patterns revealed that maximum accumulated energy and failure intensity have a positive relation with the strength of specimen. When bedding planes were parallel or perpendicular to loading direction, specimens absorbed more energy and experienced more violent failure with increased number of cracks. In contrast, bedding planes with h of 30° or 45° reduced the specimens' ability of storing strain energy to the lowest with fewer cracks observed after failure.  相似文献   

19.
电力系统仿真计算中,综合负荷的动态和静态成分所占比例对电网的暂态极限有着重要的影响。文章根据湖南电网的实际特点和电网结构以及运行情况,研究了综合负荷模型中不同感应电动机比例对湖南电网南北断面南送功率传输极限的影响,分析了综合负荷模型与恒阻抗加恒功率的静态负荷模型应用于湖南电网对断面南送功率极限的不同影响,并在此基础上分析了综合负荷模型和参数变化对电力系统稳定水平影响的机理,最后对湖南电网负荷模型和参数的选取提出了建议。  相似文献   

20.
In order to investigate the relationship between bar diameter and loading rate of the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) setup under the failure of rock specimen and realize the medium strain rate loading of specimen, new SHPB setups with different elastic bar's diameters of 22, 36, 50 and 75 mm were constructed. The tests were carried out on these setups at different loading rates, and the specimens had the same diameter of elastic bars and same ratio of length to diameter. The test results show that the larger the elastic bar's diameter is, the less the loading rate is needed to cause specimen failure, they show good power relationship, and that under the same strain rate loading, specimens are broken more seriously with larger diameter SHPB setup than with smaller one.  相似文献   

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