接触热阻对相变耦合温差发电系统的影响

在汽车尾气温差发电系统中, 热量在传递的过程中通常要经过若干个接触界面。而界面间的接触热阻影响 着热量的传递效率和热电器件冷热两侧的实际温差, 进而影响到系统的发电性能。利用工业热风机模拟汽车运行实 际工况, 使用装载有相变材料(phase change material, PCM) 的温差发电系统, 通过涂抹不同导热系数的导热硅脂来 调节热电器件与系统间的接触热阻, 研究了接触热阻对PCM 以及系统输出电压的影响。研究发现, 同时减小热电 器件两侧与系统间的接触热阻会削弱PCM 的储热能力; 相较于减小热电器件热面与系统间的接触热阻, 减小热电 器件冷面与冷端换热器间接触热阻, 对温差发电系统输出电压的提升效果更为显著。     

粗糙表面接触热阻的理论和实验研究

本文分析了两固体粗糙表面接触热阻的机理，用统计数学和接触力学的方法推导出粗糙表面接触热阻的理论计算公式，并用实验进行了验证．结果表明：理论计算结果和实验结果吻合良好     

接触热阻和电阻对温差发电器输出功率的影响

温差发电器与设备连接时存在一定的接触缝隙,存在接触热阻和接触电阻,从而影响温差发电器输出功率计算的准确性,故基于数值计算方法分析了接触热阻和接触电阻对计算结果的影响.结果表明:在数值分析过程中必须考虑接触电阻和接触热阻,否则会出现与实际相悖的结论;在考虑接触热阻的过程中需要知道接触热阻的准确数值,否则即使考虑接触热阻,也可能会由于数值不准确导致结果失去参考价值;无论是否考虑接触热阻值和接触电阻值,随着外接电阻值的改变,输出功率和效率都存在极值.     

换热影响下的接触热阻估计

本文利用已有的实验数据，估计了接触热阻的大小．在分析中除了考虑到原始数据的测量误差外，提出了平均换热系数以表征热量在传递过程中的散失或吸收，构筑了一个新的二次函数．计算结果对于解释实验数据十分有效．     

基于接触热阻的高速精密电主轴热特性分析

主轴系统热问题是高精度机床必须要考虑的关键问题,接触热阻的大小影响机床的传热性能,从而影响其加工精度.利用表面接触的分形理论,计算接触面的量纲一的接触面积,针对接触微凸体的热阻由基体热阻和收缩热阻形成接触对,建立了一个考虑接触界面基体热阻和收缩热阻的表面接触热阻模型,讨论了不同的分形参数对接触热阻的影响.以立式加工中心电主轴系统为研究对象,分析了电机的损耗发热和轴承的摩擦发热,运用有限元软件对电主轴模型在有无接触热阻2种情况下的稳态温度场和稳态热变形进行仿真分析.讨论了有无热阻情况下电主轴温度和变形变化量,论证了接触热阻对电主轴热温度场和热变形的影响.结果表明:电主轴考虑接触电阻时温度将升高,变形将增加.     

水泥基无机黏结材料植筋承载力的试验研究

通过对水泥基无机黏结材料植筋承载力的拉拔试验研究,分析了水泥基无机黏结材料植筋的破坏形态和破坏机理,讨论并给出了极限锚固承载力计算公式及建议施工锚固长度表格.通过与同条件下预埋钢筋、植筋后绑焊以及某有机黏结材料植筋承载力相比得到此水泥基无机黏结材料的工程适用性,并在实际工程中得到验证.     

PEI复合磁性分离材料的制备

利用PEI预聚体包复碰粉，环硫氯丙烷作为固化剂进行扩散固化，在实验室条件下制备出复合磁性分离材料。产物多为不规则外形，具有一定的磁性和耐酸性，磁粉在树脂基体中以聚集态分散。通过对实验结果的分析总结出该复合材料的适宜的制备技术。     

高温退火降低碳纳米管接触电阻的实验研究

将碳纳米管有效地集成到微纳器件上实现组装是碳纳米管在众多领域得以应用的先决条件,组装后较高的接触电阻成为影响碳纳米管器件性能的重要因素,为了降低碳纳米管与电极之间的接触电阻,采用高温退火法对组装后的碳纳米管进行处理.首先,通过介电电泳法组装碳纳米管;其次,利用正交试验设计和方差分析研究高温退火过程中退火温度、保温时间和升温速率对降低碳纳米管接触电阻的影响,并获得了降低接触电阻的最优参数组合;最后,对退火前后碳纳米管的I-V特性进行测量、分析.结果表明:高温退火可以简单、高效地降低碳纳米管的接触电阻,退火温度是影响降阻效果的主要因素,退火处理后接触电阻的下降幅度最高可达91.59%,组装的碳纳米管退火前后的I-V特性曲线均呈现良好的线性.     

热界面材料对晶闸管换流阀热阻的影响

热界面材料应用于晶闸管换流阀上,能够增强其在高压直流输电整流电流时的散热能力,从而确保工作环境的安全稳定。在大功率晶闸管水冷散热器热阻流阻测试平台上测试了几种典型的热界面材料的系统有效热阻,探究了压装压力、冷却水流量、加热功率以及材料自身特性对系统有效热阻的影响。结果表明:在当前实验条件下,系统有效热阻随压装压力和冷却水流量的增大而减小,随加热功率的增大而增大;热界面材料对系统有效热阻降低的效果从大到小依次为:低熔点合金导热膏石墨烯导热膏TC-5625导热膏空气层铟箔;受压变形具有一定流动性的热界面材料应用于晶闸管换流阀时系统有效热阻更低。     

钢混凝土界面接触热阻试验研究

火灾条件下钢管与混凝土间界面热阻对结构温度场有很大影响。利用INSTRON 8874型高温材料试验机的高温接触热阻试验装置对钢-混凝土界面接触热阻进行了试验研究,根据各测点的温度时间历程曲线,利用多项式拟和方法外推得到钢、混凝土界面处温度值,通过热传导方程和接触热阻定义得到了界面接触热阻。试验结果表明,不同界面压力下钢管混凝土界面的接触热阻数值比较稳定,与文献结果相比有一定可靠性;无界面压力下钢管混凝土界面的接触热阻数值离散性大,随温度变化明显。     

Effect of contact thermal resistance on temperature distributions of concrete-filled steel tubes in fire

To predicate the temperature distribution of concrete-filled steel tubes(CFSTs) being exposure to fire,a finite element analysis model was developed using a finite element package,ANSYS.A suggested value of contact thermal resistance was therefore proposed with the supporting of massive numbers of collected test data.Parametric analysis was conducted subsequently towards the cross-sectional temperature distribution of CFST columns in four-side fire,in which the exposure time,width of the cross section,steel ratio were taken into account with considering contact thermal resistance.It was found that contact thermal resistance has little effect on the overall temperature regulation with the exposure time,the width of cross-section or the change of steel ratio.However,great temperature dropping at the concrete adjacent to the contact interface,and gentle temperature increase at steel tube,exist if considering contact thermal resistance.The results of the study are expected to provide theoretical basis for the fire resistance behavior and design of the CFST columns being exposure to fire.     

Determination of relationships between thermal conductivityand material properties of rocks

Energy transfer between the adjacent parts of rocks in underground mines is widely influenced by the thermal conductivity of rocks. The relationships between the thermal conductivity and some material properties of rocks such as the uniaxial compressive strength, unit mass, tensile strength, cohesion, Young‘s modulus, point load strength, Schmidt rebound hardness, Shore scleroscope hardness and toughness strength were investigated. The statistical analysis of the data obtained in laboratory tests shows that the thermal conductivity increases with increasing the uniaxial compressive strength, unit mass, tensile strength, cohesion, Young‘s modulus, point load strength, Schmidt rebound hardness and Shore scleroscope hardness, and decreases with increasing the toughness strength.     

Theoretical determination of thermal diffusivity of composite material

A very simple model based on the Quadrupole method was used in the theoretical analysis of thermal diffusivity of composite materials of Cu-PVC, PVC-Cu-PVC, and Cu-PVC-Cu. The use of MATLAB software with a return to real space using the Stehfest algorithm makes the time of calculation very short. The thermal responses on the rear face of each considered sample, which determine the thermal diffusivity were represented. A mathematical demonstration which confirmed the results was given. Thermal diffusivity determined from the rear face thermal responses were compared with the results of the thermal diffusivity calculated by considering the composite materials to be homogeneous, and a discussion on the two kinds of results was provided.     

镁橄榄石质隔热材料的制备及其性能研究

以天然镁橄榄石和NaCl为原料,采用熔盐法制备镁橄榄石质隔热材料。研究不同熔盐配比和烧结温度对材料显气孔率、体积密度和耐压强度的影响,并利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）对其相组成及微观形貌进行表征。结果表明,熔融的NaCl提供了液相环境,促进了镁橄榄石的烧结,经过水溶液处理后,NaCl溶于水中,其占据的空间形成了气孔;烧结温度为1 100℃,熔盐含量为50%时,制得的隔热材料有较低的体积密度、较高的显气孔率和耐压强度,气孔分布更均匀,材料的隔热性能较佳。     

异型螺旋翅片管传热及耐蚀性能研究

在同一试验条件下异型螺旋翅片管的冷凝和沸腾传热性能是螺旋翅片管的1.8倍和2.0倍，异型翅片管的管内突破翅片的水污附着物与无突起翅片管几乎相同，表明异型翅片管具有更高的应用价值和前景。     

Iron ore tailings used for the preparation of cementitious material by compound thermal activation

In the background of little reuse and large stockpile for iron ore railings, iron ore tailing from Chinese Tonghua were used as raw material to prepare cementitious materials. Cementitious properties of the iron ore tailings activated by compound thermal ac-tivation were studied. Testing methods, such as XRD, TG-DTA, and IR were used for researching the phase and structure variety of the iron ore tailings in the process of compound thermal activation. The results reveal that a new cementitious material that contains 30wt% of the iron ore tailings can be obtained by compounded thermal activation, whose mortar strength can come up to the stan-dard of 42.5 cement of China.     

Preparation and characterization of Andalusite ceramic used for solar thermal power generation

High-temperature thermal storage material is one of the critical materials of solar thermal power generation system. Andalusite, kaolin, talc, γ-Al 2 O 3 and partially stabilized zirconia were used as the raw materials, and in-situ synthesis of cordierite was adopted to fabricate thermal storage material for solar thermal power generation via pressureless sintering. The phase compositions, microstructures and thermal shock resistances of the sintered samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS, and the corresponding mechanical properties were measured. The results show that the major phases of the samples are mullite and zirconium silicate, and the pores distribute uniformly. After being sintered at 1 460 ℃, A4 sample exhibits a better mechanical performance and thermal shock resistance, its loss rate of bending strength after 30 cycles thermal shock is 3.04%, the bulk density and bending strength are 2.86 g·cm-3 and 139.66 MPa, respectively. The better thermal shock resistance of the sample is closely related to the effect of zirconium silicate, such as its uniform distribution, nested growth with mullite, low thermal expansion coeffi cient, high thermal conductivity, etc. This ceramic can be widely used as one of potential thermal storage materials of solar thermal power generation system.