焦平面编码高分辨率红外成像方法

红外成像系统由于探测器加工工艺的限制,很难通过减小像元尺寸或增加阵元数量的方式实现高分辨率成像.压缩感知理论提供了一种新的提高成像分辨率的方法,在光学系统的焦平面处放置编码掩膜,使得红外探测器得到的图像是被观测场景的压缩采样,再通过稀疏优化算法重构出原始图像.决定图像分辨率的不是探测器的像素尺寸,而是编码掩膜的孔径大小...     

基于随机采样的超高分辨率成像中快速压缩感知分析

随着近年来超分辨成像技术的发展,基于单分子拟合的超分辨成像方法能够实现纳米尺度的空间分辨率,但这种方法的耗时较长,时间分辨率较差。成像重构时间较长主要受制于成像过程中每帧图像较低的荧光分子密度,所以需要足够多的采样帧数来重构一张图像。文中提出一种利用随机采样的快速压缩感知算法,结合分块压缩感知重构算法,最终能够在高分子密度的条件下获得较快的重构速度及较高的定位精度。     

压缩感知SAR成像中的运动补偿

由于其具有压缩采样特性,压缩感知在高分辨SAR成像技术中得到了广泛应用。然而作为一种参数化的成像方法,基于压缩感知的成像方法对位置误差非常敏感。位置误差会造成图像偏离真实位置、散焦、甚至根本不能成像。该文针对SAR压缩成像系统中存在的运动误差,分析了平台非理想运动对回波信号的调制机理和运动相位误差对信号稀疏表征的影响,提出了基于传感器测量数据进行运动补偿的压缩感知SAR成像方法,通过在稀疏矩阵中引入附加项完成空不变运动误差的补偿。该方法不仅能以少量的测量孔径和测量数据获得重建目标空间的足够信息而且能有效降低运动误差对成像质量的影响,实现高分辨成像。     

基于压缩感知理论的雷达成像技术与应用研究进展

压缩感知理论基于信号稀疏性,将对信号采样转换为对信息自由度的采样,可大大降低采样率。而将压缩感知理论应用于雷达成像时有望在以下几个方面得到改善:增强成像性能,简化雷达硬件设计,缩短数据获取时间,减少数据量和传输量等。该文从压缩感知的稀疏性,压缩采样,无模糊重建3个关键步骤与成像雷达有机结合的角度,对近年来基于压缩感知理论的雷达成像技术研究现状进行系统综述,重点论述场景稀疏性与成像关系, 压缩采样方法(包括硬件)设计,场景图像快速高精度重建以及成像系统体制应用等方面,最后探讨了压缩感知理论应用尚需解决的问题和进一步发展方向。     

基于贝叶斯压缩感知的合成孔径雷达高分辨成像

基于压缩感知(CS)的合成孔径雷达成像方法可以显著减少数据采样时间、数据量以及节省信号带宽。然而,基于CS的方法对噪声和杂波相当敏感,在信噪比较低的时候,成像质量较差。该文结合CS理论提出了合成孔径雷达中的随机孔径贝叶斯压缩感知(BCS)高分辨2维成像方法。在距离向应用CS减少采样数据的同时,在方位向随机抽取部分孔径位置发射和接收信号,以少量的测量孔径和测量数据获得重建目标空间的足够信息。基于贝叶斯的分析方法由于考虑了成像场景中的杂波以及压缩采样过程中的加性噪声,因而能够更好地重建目标空间。仿真结果表明,基于贝叶斯方法得到的图像比基于FFT方法得到的图像更加尖锐,比基于CS方法得到的图像更加稀疏,因而具有更高的分辨率。     

用于光子计数单像素成像的去块状采样网络

将光子计数技术和单像素成像结合,能实现高灵敏、低成本的光子计数成像,但存在采样时间和重建时间长的问题。基于深度学习的压缩采样和重建网络,将去除偏置和激活函数的全连接层作为测量矩阵,通过从数据中学得高效的测量矩阵和避免传统迭代算法带来的巨大计算量,实现了更快、更高质量的图像重建。但利用全连接层进行高分辨图像的分块压缩感知时,重建图像会产生块状效应。针对该问题提出了重叠分块采样网络（Os_net）、嵌套采样网络(Ns_net)、卷积采样网络（Cs_net）等三种方法以取代全连接层采样。在重建网络的设计中,使用线性映射网络对图像进行重建,设计实验结果表明Cs_net的去块状化效果最好。将Cs_net二值化后应用于光子计数单像素成像系统,实验结果表明Cs_net除块状化明显优于传统算法TVAL3,且Cs_net在重建质量上也同样取得了较好的效果。     

基于压缩感知在线稀疏的红外视频遥感凝视成像

压缩感知理论是一种新兴的数字信号处理方法,在红外遥感视频成像中有很好的应用前景.为了提高红外视频遥感成像的效果,提出了基于压缩感知在线稀疏的红外遥感视频凝视成像方法.介绍了该方法的视频图像分块压缩采样策略,视频图像在线稀疏方法,以及视频图像重构方法.重点研究了有运动目标的红外遥感图像在线稀疏表示方法,提出了迭进分块训练样本的设计方法和累积冗余字典构造方法.通过数值计算可以看出,该方法提高了遥感红外图像的重构效果.     

高光谱摆扫型压缩成像及数据重建

高分辨率的应用需求使得传统的高光谱遥感成像系统面临高速率采样、海量数据存储等难以突破的瓶颈问题,压缩感知理论为传统高光谱遥感所面临的瓶颈问题提供了解决可能。针对高光谱压缩感知成像,提出了一种摆扫型高光谱压缩成像系统,该系统采用光栅、柱面透镜、二维编码孔径和线性传感阵列等光电器件,一次曝光中可获取空间像素点的光谱维向量对应的多个压缩采样值。在压缩感知数据重建过程中,为了充分利用高光谱图像的空间相关先验信息,提出了一种空间预测迭代重建算法。实验结果表明,与标准压缩感知重建算法对比,该算法在压缩感知采样率超过0.2时重建图像信噪比可提高10 d B以上。所设计的系统简单易实现,可应用于星载、机载等遥感平台的高光谱压缩成像。     

压缩成像技术研究进展

以奈奎斯特采样定理为准则,高速信号采样再压缩的传统成像方式存在明显缺陷。基于压缩感知理论的压缩成像技术则突破了传统成像系统设计理念,利用硬件实现目标图像的非自适应线性投影,从而达到利用较少数目探测器获取高精度目标图像的目的。详细阐述了压缩感知理论框架及其关键技术问题,并就目前压缩成像系统的原理和难点问题进行了深入的探讨和分析。     

基于图像块细粒度的自适应单像素成像算法

设计了一种基于图 像块细粒度的自适应单像素成像算法。首先获取目标的低分辨图像,将其分为四等块,根据 每块中 重要小波系数的个数与分布,将其分为非重要、重要和半重要三类。非重要块不采样;重要 块全采样;半 重要块进行迭代分块、分类,部分采样。利用小波反变换重建高分辨图并重复上述步骤,直 到重建图像达 到目标分辨率。实验结果表明,对于背景平滑的医学生物图像,本文方法能够在相同采样率 下至少提高重建图像PSNR约2dB。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks