内可逆Maisotsenko-Diesel循环功率与效率性能分析

应用有限时间热力学理论建立了考虑传热损失的内可逆Maisotsenko-Diesel循环模型,给出了循环功率和效率的计算流程,研究了循环最高温度和注水率等设计参数对循环功率和效率的影响。以功率和热效率为目标,将Maisotsenko-Diesel和Diesel循环进行比较,证明了Maisotsenko-Diesel循环优越的性能特性。研究结果对于Maisotsenko-Diesel内燃机具有一定指导意义。     

闭式燃气轮机循环的有限时间热力学分析

本文从有限时间热力学观点出发，导出了有限时间约束条件下闭式燃气轮机循环的最大功率及其相应的效率界限和任意功率下的效率界限，即最佳功率、效率关系，借此可分析热阻对闭式燃气轮机循环性能的影响，并实现其有限时间热力学优化．     

内燃机混合加热(Dual)循环有限时间热力学分析

对内燃机混合加热循环的特性做了进一步的分析与研究,使得对该循环的分析结果与内燃机实际热力过程的不可逆性充分接近,对内燃机的设计和理论研究工作具有重要意义;并运用有限时间热力学的方法,对135柴油机Dual循环进行了有限时间特性分析,得出了应用该方法对内燃机缸内热力过程不可逆性进行研究具有重要实际意义的结论。     

普适内可逆热机循环模型的(火用)经济性能优化

用有限时间热力学方法分析工作在恒温热源TH、TL之间内可逆普适热机循环模型的经济性能,导出循环利润率与工质温比、热效率与工质温比的关系式;以及利润率和效率的特性关系。所得结果包含了内可逆D iese、lO tto、A tk inson和B rayton循环的有限时间经济性能。     

广义不可逆联合热泵循环有限时间火用经济性分析与优化

研究了存在热阻、热漏和内不可逆性的广义不可逆联合热泵循环有限时间火 用经济性能,导出了在线性传热定律下循环最佳利润率和最佳供热系数的解析式以及二者的优化关系,并用数值算例对比分析了热漏、内不可逆性和价格比对利润率和火 用经济性能界限的影响.广义不可逆联合热泵循环的有限时间火 用经济学性能界限通过价格比与有限时间热力学性能界限和经典热力学限建立联系.结果对于实际联合热泵确定设计参数,判定工况是否处于最优经济状态有一定的指导作用.     

广义不可逆联合热泵循环有限时间炯经济性分析与优化

研究了存在热阻、热漏和内不可逆性的广义不可逆联合热泵循环有限时间火用经济性能,导出了在线性传热定律下循环最佳利润率和最佳供热系数的解析式以及二者的优化关系,并用数值算例对比分析了热漏、内不可逆性和价格比对利润率和火用经济性能界限的影响。广义不可逆联合热泵循环的有限时间火用经济学性能界限通过价格比与有限时间热力学性能界限和经典热力学限建立联系。结果对于实际联合热泵确定设计参数,判定工况是否处于最优经济状态有一定的指导作用。     

摩擦对双压内燃机循环性能的影响

建立一类空气标准双压内燃机循环的不可逆模型，考虑压缩过程和做功冲程的有限时间特性和摩擦对循环性能的影响，推导出功率、效率与压缩比关系的解析式，结合数值算例进行研究，得到的功率效率特性曲线反映了实际热机的根本特性。     

包含6种热机模型的普适内可逆热机循环(火用)经济性能优化

用有限时间热力学方法分析了工作在恒温热源TH、TL之间的普适定常流内可逆热机循环模型的炯经济性能,导出了循环利润率与工质温比、热效率与工质温比的关系式,以及利润率和效率的特性关系,并由数值计算分析了循环过程对循环性能的影响特点。所得结果包含了内可逆Carnot、Diesel、Otto、Atkinson、Brayton和Dual循环的有限时间炯经济性能。     

燃气轮机循环有限时间热力学研究新进展

在概述有限时间热力学理论产生和发展的基础上,着重介绍了运用该理论对闭、开式燃气轮机简单和复杂循环以及燃气轮机热电和热电冷联产循环性能进行热力学分析和优化的最新研究进展。指出了由于有限时间热力学理论进一步充分考虑了实际装置中的不可逆性,因此得到的循环最优性能是综合最佳的,同时也发现了一些与经典热力学理论研究不同的新结果。     

多孔介质发动机再热循环有限时间热力学分析

建立了多孔介质（PM）发动机循环的有限时间热力学模型，对PM循环进行了分析，导出了存在摩擦及传热损失时循环功率与压缩比、效率与压缩比以及功率效率的特性关系，同时由数值计算分析了压缩比、预胀比、传热损失和摩擦损失对循环性能的影响特点。将PM循环与Otto循环进行了比较，结果表明：PM循环的性能要优于Otto循环的性能。     

Thermodynamic modeling of direct injection methanol fueled engines

In-cylinder pressure is an important parameter that is used to investigate the combustion process in internal combustion (IC) engines. In this paper, a thermodynamic model of IC engine combustion is presented and examined. A heat release function and an empirical conversion efficiency factor are introduced to solve the model. The pressure traces obtained by solving the thermodynamic model are compared with measured pressure data for a fully instrumented laboratory IC spark ignition (SI) engine. Derived scaling parameters for time to peak pressure, peak pressure, and maximum rate of pressure rise (among others) are developed and compared with the numerical simulations. The models examined here may serve as pedagogic tools and, when suitably refined, as preliminary design tools.     

Role of mixture richness,spark and valve timing in hydrogen-fuelled engine performance and emission

The use of hydrogen as an engine fuel has a great potential for reducing exhaust emissions. With the exception of a little amount of hydrocarbon emissions originating from the lubricating oil, NO_x is the only pollutant emitted. The special properties of hydrogen compel much more study on hydrogen internal combustion engines (ICEs). Studying and analyzing the behavior of hydrogen ICE and its sensitivity to controllable parameters can help designers to have better understanding over hydrogen characteristics and its combustion in an ICE. In this paper, firstly a quasi-dimensional two-zone thermodynamic model of an SI hydrogen ICE is developed and validated by experimental data. The model is used as an engine simulator. Spark advance (SA), air to fuel ratio and valve timing are selected as the main effective and controllable parameters on engine emissions and performance characteristics. Valve timing parameter is defined as the intake and exhaust valves' lift, opening time and duration. Secondly, the effects of variation of the mentioned three parameters on emission and performance characteristics of the modeled engine are illustrated. Finally, the reasons of the engine behavior and characteristics under variations of these parameters are fully discussed.     

Effect of combustion on the economic operation of endoreversible otto and Joule–Brayton engine

To simplify analysis of an internal combustion engine, air-standard cycles are conceived. Air is assumed to behave like an ideal gas. In practice, air-standard analysis provides useful indication of the trends that the engine is likely to follow. Air-standard Otto and Joule–Brayton cycles are bona fide assumption and cannot represent the complex combustion process occurring in the internal combustion engines. In this paper, the complex combustion process is represented by a parameter called fuel-flame temperature. The effect of combustion on the thermoeconomic performances of Otto and Joule–Brayton engines are studied. It is observed that the efficiency at maximum power is less than the Curzon–Ahlborn efficiency. The economic performance of the engine deteriorates due to combustion. The efficiency of the engine corresponds to maximum specific-power output, depends not only on the fuel-flame temperature, but also on the specific heats of the air and fuel. Ideal gas assumption of the working fluid is relaxed in this paper. Although somewhat idealized, the effect of combustion on the performance and economics of the internal combustion engines gives a reasonable design goal and better understanding of the real-heat engine. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

内燃机零部件有限元分析的研究现状与展望

有限元法在内燃机零部件设计中的应用，极大地提高了内燃机零部件的设计水平，缩短了设计周期，提高了设计的可靠性，推动了内燃机工业的发展。论述了有限元技术在内燃机曲轴和连杆等零部件设计中的应用现状及最新发展，并讨论分析了发展趋势。     

Thermodynamic analysis of tri-generation with absorption chilling machine

The paper presents a method for analysing tri-generation systems. The authors have focused on solutions of tri-generation plants based on gas turbine or internal combustion engine with absorption chilling machine. Several technical criteria have been defined. A thermodynamic analysis has been performed for the case of tri-generation with an absorption chilling machine. From the thermodynamic point of view there have been established the limits for the best energetic performance of tri-generation. The dependence of different technical criteria on each other has also been analysed. A certain case of a tri-generation plant has been analysed using this method. The dependence of the energetic performance of tri-generation on different technical criteria has also been studied.     

Finite‐time thermodynamic performance of a Dual cycle

Finite‐time thermodynamic analysis of an air‐standard internal‐combustion Dual cycle is performed in this paper. The relation between net work output and efficiency of the cycle is derived. The maximum net work output and the corresponding efficiency limit of the cycle with heat transfer considerations are also found. Detailed numerical examples are given. The results obtained herein provide a guidance to the performance evaluation and improvement for practical internal combustion engines. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A combined thermodynamic cycle used for waste heat recovery of internal combustion engine

In this paper, we present a steady-state experiment, energy balance and exergy analysis of exhaust gas in order to improve the recovery of the waste heat of an internal combustion engine (ICE). Considering the different characteristics of the waste heat of exhaust gas, cooling water, and lubricant, a combined thermodynamic cycle for waste heat recovery of ICE is proposed. This combined thermodynamic cycle consists of two cycles: the organic Rankine cycle (ORC), for recovering the waste heat of lubricant and high-temperature exhaust gas, and the Kalina cycle, for recovering the waste heat of low-temperature cooling water. Based on Peng–Robinson (PR) equation of state (EOS), the thermodynamic parameters in the high-temperature ORC were calculated and determined via an in-house computer program. Suitable working fluids used in high-temperature ORC are proposed and the performance of this combined thermodynamic cycle is analyzed. Compared with the traditional cycle configuration, more waste heat can be recovered by the combined cycle introduced in this paper.     

采用离子电流分析法实现发动机爆震信号的正确检测

本描述了了种直接利用火花塞电极作为传感器检测发动机爆震的方法。作在章中详细分析及讨论了离子电流的产生机理及影响其测量的因素，并利用这一方法在发动机做了大量的试验研究，获得了宝贵的第一手资料。为了获得正确的信号检测，作在火花塞电极上加一定的直汉电压、使其能灵敏的感受燃气密度的变化。     

可视化技术在发动机混合气形成过程中的应用

可视化技术能够直观地提供缸内混合气形成的信息,相比其他试验手段有无可替代的优势。本文通过对各种不同的可视化技术在发动机混合气形成过程应用的分析,总结出各种方法特点及适用范围,从而对应用可视化技术研究发动机混合气形成过程起到一定的帮助作用。     

Investigation on the optimal performance and design parameters of an irreversible solar-driven Braysson heat engine

An irreversible solar-driven Braysson thermal engine has been investigated, in which finite rate heat transfer with the radiation–convection mode from the high-temperature reservoir to the heat engine and the convection mode from the heat engine to the heat sink, and irreversible adiabatic processes are taken into account. Based on the thermodynamic analysis method, the analytic expressions of the power output and efficiency of the Braysson heat engine are derived. By using numerical value calculation, the effects of the isobaric temperature ratio, internal irreversibility parameter, temperature ratio of the thermal reservoirs as well as the allocation parameters involving the heat-transfer coefficients, and areas on the performance characteristics of the Braysson heat engine are analysed and discussed in detail. The results obtained in this paper are more general than the related conclusions published in the literature and may provide some parameter design reference for solar-driven heat engines.