经济生产批量与CUSUM控制图最优化联合设计

针对传统经济生产批量一般以完美生产过程为对象,质量成本通常也仅以符合规格为判断的标准等问题,提出了一种考虑田口损失函数的将经济生产批量与累积和控制图联合设计的模型。对于生产过程,提出了一种更符合实际情况的三阶段的制造过程,建立了考虑均值随机偏移的三阶段损失模型,并以此为基础,建立了综合考虑包括质量损失及与批量相关的储存成本、订货成本等在内的总期望成本,目的是获得最优化的经济生产批量和累积以及控制图参数设计联合模型,并使生产过程的总期望成本最小。采用行径搜索法对模型进行求解,并举出数值例子进行比较和参数敏感度分析加以说明模型的应用情况。     

考虑维护影响的动态控制图经济设计

针对现实中维护策略和控制图设计使用的是同一数据源的问题,论文基于数据共享的观点考虑了二者的联合设计问题。区别于以往研究中只考虑单扰动和静态控制图,论文以实际中更普遍的非对称双扰动情形为背景,以成本最优为目标,从经济设计的视角构建了维护策略和动态控制图的联合设计模型。仿真结果表明,相比于静态联合设计模型,动态联合设计模型的平均成本节省率达到6%以上,更具成本优势,因此具有更大的实用价值。     

基于检验优化的动态质量控制系统模型研究

动态质量控制系统是先进制造技术中的一个重要的子系统.本文研究了动态质量信息系统的组成和特点,以质量控制活动和质量数据处理自动化为设计目标,通过质量检验将质量计划和质量控制环节集成为一体建立了闭环质量系统模型.在质量异常情况时,除报警外也可根据质量模型诊断并定位产生质量变异的工序,针对该工序调整已经预估的工序质量水平,反馈给在线质量计划部分,调整检验计划将重点向关键工序倾斜,预防质量异常的发生.     

考虑配件合格率和耗损的库存控制模型及算法

由于生产的产品数量由所有配件能够生产的最小批量决定，因此在确定配件的订购批量时，必须将各种配件联系在一起综合考虑。本文的研究考虑了两种配件质量和生产耗损的情况，假设单个配件质量和生产中耗损满足一定的概率分布，描述了多个配件“成功”完成生产过程数量的概率分布和批量满足率函数，建立了一个保证一定批量满足率下成本最低的数量模型，并且分析了模型最优解的性质，指出最优解必然是限制条件的边界点，最后基于最优解的性质给出了求取模型最优解的搜索算法。     

考虑运费的短生命周期产品供应链集成模型

一般的供应链集成问题都是忽略机器故障、产品检查以及运输成本,然而,这些因素对生产计划的制定也是有很大影响的。因此,在考虑机器故障、返修费用和担保费用,以及短生命周期产品库存成本随着时间呈非线关系的情况下,建立了短生命周期产品供应链集成模型,研究分析了运输费用、返修费用和担保费用对最优生产批量和单位时间总成本的影响,同时比较了考虑机器故障与运输费用对短生命周期产品在生产策略上的一些区别,得到了一些有价值的结论。     

An Overview of First-Order Model Management for Engineering Optimization

First-order approximation/model management optimization (AMMO) is a rigorous methodology for solving high-fidelity optimization problems with minimal expense in high-fidelity function and derivative evaluation. AMMO is a general approach that is applicable to any derivative based optimization algorithm and any combination of high-fidelity and low-fidelity models. This paper gives an overview of the principles that underlie AMMO and puts the method in perspective with other similarly motivated methods. AMMO is first illustrated by an example of a scheme for solving bound-constrained optimization problems. The principles can be easily extrapolated to other optimization algorithms. The applicability to general models is demonstrated on two recent computational studies of aerodynamic optimization with AMMO. One study considers variable-resolution models, where the high-fidelity model is provided by solutions on a fine mesh, while the corresponding low-fidelity model is computed by solving the same differential equations on a coarser mesh. The second study uses variable-fidelity physics models, with the high-fidelity model provided by the Navier-Stokes equations and the low-fidelity model—by the Euler equations. Both studies show promising savings in terms of high-fidelity function and derivative evaluations. The overview serves to introduce the reader to the general concept of AMMO and to illustrate the basic principles with current computational results.     

Integrated production quality and condition-based maintenance optimisation for a stochastically deteriorating manufacturing system

This paper investigates the problem of optimally integrating production quality and condition-based maintenance in a stochastically deteriorating single- product, single-machine production system. Inspections are periodically performed on the system to assess its actual degradation status. The system is considered to be in ‘fail mode’ whenever its degradation level exceeds a predetermined threshold. The proportion of non-conforming items, those that are produced during the time interval where the degradation is beyond the specification threshold, are replaced either via overtime production or spot market purchases. To optimise preventive maintenance costs and at the same time reduce production of non-conforming items, the degradation of the system must be optimally monitored so that preventive maintenance is carried out at appropriate time intervals. In this paper, an integrated optimisation model is developed to determine the optimal inspection cycle and the degradation threshold level, beyond which preventive maintenance should be carried out, while minimising the sum of inspection and maintenance costs, in addition to the production of non-conforming items and inventory costs. An expression for the total expected cost rate over an infinite time horizon is developed and solution method for the resulting model is discussed. Numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the proposed approach.     

结构主动控制的一体化多目标优化研究

基于Pareto多目标遗传算法提出了结构主动控制系统的一体化多目标优化设计方法,对作动器位置与主动控制器进行同步优化设计.外界激励采用平稳过滤白噪声来模拟,在状态空间下通过求解Lyapunov方程,得到结构响应和主动控制力的均方值.主动控制器采用LQG控制算法来进行设计.以结构位移和加速度均方值最大值与相应无控响应均方值的最大值之比,以及所需控制力均方值之和作为多目标同步优化的目标函数.优化过程还考虑了结构与激励参数对优化结果的影响.最后以某6层平面框架有限元模型为例进行了计算机仿真分析,结果表明所提出的主动控制系统多目标一体化优化方法简单,高效,实用,具有较好的普适性.     

油气资源勘探与开发的综合优化模型

文中首先论述丫将勘探与开发两个阶段的工作进行综合决策的必要性,然后以两个阶段内技术和经济因素的决策和一个模型框架内进行决策为目标,将宏观层次的经济技术目标与单个油气井生产的微观技术经济模型相结合以油气开采净收益最大化为目标,建立了一个非线性的综合动态优化模型,最后针对优化问题的具体特点,给出了问题的求解方法。     

A sensitivity analysis of an integrated model for joint determination of economic design of $\overline{x}$‐control charts,economic production quantity and production run length for a deteriorating production system

This study presents an integrated model for the joint economic design of ‐control charts and maintenance schedules and, simultaneously, determines the economic production quantity and production run length for a deteriorating production system. The operating state of the production process is classified as either in control or out of control. In the latter state, the process produces some defective items. An ‐control chart is used to monitor the process mean. Both uniform and non‐uniform inspection schemes are adopted. Inspection and maintenance are performed simultaneously. Replacement cost is assumed to be very high. The process failure mechanism is assumed to follow a general probability distribution with an increasing failure rate. The concept of a truncated production cycle is introduced. The production cycle begins when a new component is installed and ends with a repair after the detection of a failure or after a specified number of inspection intervals, , whichever occurs first. The effects of preventive maintenance on quality control are discussed. Numerical examples are provided to evaluate the performance of the model. Sensitivity analyses are conducted to study the effects of various model parameters. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An economic model for \font\twelveit=cmti10 scaled 1600$\overline{\kern‐0.85ex\hbox{\twelveit X}}$\nopagenumbers\end and R charts with time‐varying parameters

This paper proposes an economic model for the selection of time‐varying control chart parameters for monitoring on‐line the mean and variance of a normally distributed quality characteristic. The process is subject to two independent assignable causes. One cause changes the process mean and the other changes the process variance. The occurrence times of these assignable causes are described by Weibull distributions having increasing failure rates. The paper combines two existing models: (I) the model of Ohta and Rahim (IIE Transactions 1997; 29 :481–486) for a dynamic economic design of $\overline{X}$\nopagenumbers\end control charts, where a single assignable cause occurs according to a Weibull distribution and all design parameters are time varying; (II) the model of Costa and Rahim (QRE International 2000; 16 :143–156) for the joint economic design of $\overline{X}$\nopagenumbers\end and R control charts where two assignable causes occur independently according to Weibull distribution, with variable sampling intervals. The advantages of the proposed model over traditional $\overline{X}$\nopagenumbers\end and R control charts with fixed parameters are presented. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm for Feature Selection

Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is a new population-based metaheuristic algorithm. WOA uses shrinking encircling mechanism, spiral rise, and random learning strategies to update whale’s positions. WOA has merit in terms of simple calculation and high computational accuracy, but its convergence speed is slow and it is easy to fall into the local optimal solution. In order to overcome the shortcomings, this paper integrates adaptive neighborhood and hybrid mutation strategies into whale optimization algorithms, designs the average distance from itself to other whales as an adaptive neighborhood radius, and chooses to learn from the optimal solution in the neighborhood instead of random learning strategies. The hybrid mutation strategy is used to enhance the ability of algorithm to jump out of the local optimal solution. A new whale optimization algorithm (HMNWOA) is proposed. The proposed algorithm inherits the global search capability of the original algorithm, enhances the exploitation ability, improves the quality of the population, and thus improves the convergence speed of the algorithm. A feature selection algorithm based on binary HMNWOA is proposed. Twelve standard datasets from UCI repository test the validity of the proposed algorithm for feature selection. The experimental results show that HMNWOA is very competitive compared to the other six popular feature selection methods in improving the classification accuracy and reducing the number of features, and ensures that HMNWOA has strong search ability in the search feature space.     

基于R-Vine Copula的多维混合型数据控制图设计

多维混合型数据监测问题一直是质量控制和质量管理中的重点和难点。混合型数据包括名义型、顺序型和数值型3种类型。传统的多变量控制图往往只考虑数值型的数据,在应用中存在一定的局限性。同时,在实际场景中,各类变量之间往往存在一定的相关性,这也是在传统控制图中容易被忽略的关键点。本文通过引入Copula-Vine模型,充分利用了顺序型变量的秩相关性,建立了一种新的基于R-Vine Copula的混合型数据控制图（R-Vine Copula control chart, RVC）。通过算例比较,验证了该控制图相对于现有模型在混合型数据监测方面更强的灵活性和有效性。     

一类求解带随机成本的生产运输问题的线性逼近方法

生产和运输集成计划问题在许多工业工程领域都普遍存在。要给出最优的生产和运输计划就必须考虑实际工业管理过程中存在的不确定性因素。本文研究了生产厂家的生产能力、商家的需求量和单位运输成本等因素为随机变量情况下的产品生产与运输成本问题,建立了该类问题的随机优化模型。在一定的假设条件下,推导了所建模型的确定等价类。基于问题的结构特征,提出了求解生产和运输计划的一种线性逼近方法,数值例子表明该种方法的应用前景。     

基于卡诺模型与联合分析的老年人APP用户体验优化设计方法

目的优化老年人APP用户体验,提出基于卡诺模型与联合分析的老年人APP用户体验优化设计方法。方法首先,建立老年人APP用户体验评价的指标体系,基于卡诺模型确定老年人对用户体验各指标的偏好权重。其次,确定APP的设计模式,选择合适的正交表确定设计模式的组合方式,建立高保真实验样本,邀请实验参与者使用实验样本执行典型任务,收集相关实验数据,并基于联合分析建立用户体验与设计模式之间的关系模型。最后,根据联合分析的结果确定最优设计,使用A/B测试对优化设计的结果进行验证。结论本文所提出方法可有效获取老年人对用户体验各指标的需求偏好,并对APP用户体验进行优化设计。     

基于优化模型求解方法的多级供应链生产-库存研究进展与趋势

多级生产-库存系统协调运营是供应链运作的重点问题,由现实问题抽象出优化模型,能通过各种求解方法得出运营结果。本文从解析法、数学规划法、启发式算法、其他运筹方法4个方面对多级生产-库存问题的研究文献进行归纳与分析,总结多级生产-库存问题求解方法的研究进展,发现未来研究新趋势。