汽车安全气囊用非叠氮化物气体发生剂—PAK-2气体发生剂的设计与研究

通过正交实验研究了PAK与混合氧化剂的燃烧性能,找到了适用于汽车安全气曩用的气体发生剂PAK-2的组成。60L压力舱实验结果表明,PAK-2气体发生剂达到了国际同类产品的技术要求。     

新型气体发生剂用非叠氮化物可燃剂研究进展

气体发生剂广泛应用于航空、航天领域,在汽车安全气囊、灭火装置、救生系统等也有重要用途。简介烟火气体发生剂的组成、特点,重点介绍了新型气体发生剂用非叠氮化物类可燃剂CL-20,AZODN,BTATZ,PAK,TZX,FOX-7和离子型化合物等的研究及应用现状。认为研制高能量、低感度、大产气量、环保、廉价的可燃剂是气体发生剂的发展趋势。     

p21活化激酶4及其抑制剂研究进展

p21活化激酶4(p21-activated kinase 4,PAK4)为小G蛋白Rho家族的关键下游效应器,通过多种机制影响肿瘤细胞的侵袭转移、增殖、存活及凋亡,对肿瘤的发生发展起着重要作用。PAK4在多种肿瘤细胞中过度表达,并成为极具研究前景的药物靶点。近年来,已经陆续发现了多种类型的PAK4抑制剂,主要对PAK4的结构特征、在肿瘤的发生发展中PAK4的作用机制以及PAK4抑制剂的研究进展等做总结和阐述。     

汽车防撞气囊气体发生剂燃烧示性参数的实验研究

通过密闭爆发器试验，对含有叠氮化钠类汽车防撞气囊用气体发生剂的火药力、余容、燃烧速度进行了实验测量，为研究气体发生剂在气体发生器中的燃烧特性提供一些有用的基础数据     

高效脱氯剂与气体中HCl高温脱除的研究

对五种脱氯剂在固定床反应器中与HCl气体反应研究发现 ,在温度为 30 0℃ ,空速为 30 0 0h-1 ,进口HCl气体质量浓度为 1× 10 -3 mg m3 条件下 ,所有脱氯剂都能迅速与HCl气体发生反应 ,并且在反应开始的一段时间内 ,能使混合气体中的HCl气体质量浓度降低至小于 0 5× 10 -6 mg m3 ,其中EC0 2脱氯剂具有较好的化学反应性和较高的氯容量。同时发现在相同反应时间和相同空速条件下 ,随温度的升高 ,EC0 2脱氯剂的氯容量也随之升高 ,此外还研究了 5 5 0℃时EC0 2脱氯剂床层的氯分布。     

新能源汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂研究进展

阐述了新能源汽车对安全气囊用气体发生剂的要求,认为高燃速、低燃温和高产气量是气体发生剂的主要发展方向。对气体发生器中常用的GN型、AN型气体发生剂研究进展进行了综述,同时介绍了气体发生剂的制造工艺研究进展。     

硝酸胍在气体发生剂中的应用及制造

介绍了硝酸胍的基本性质,以及作为汽车安全气囊与其气体发生剂的应用;汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂包括可燃剂、氧化剂和添加剂等;阐述了气体发生剂用硝酸胍的精制方法.认为汽车安全气囊用气体发生剂较为理想的配方是以硝酸胍为燃料、碱式硝酸铜为主氧化剂,并选择至少一种副氧化剂和合适的添加剂,同时要控制好各组分的比例..     

高压力气体发生器低温点火性能

研究了气体发生剂性能、点火孔面积和排气孔面积等对高压力气体发生器低温点火性能的影响。研究结果表明,气体发生剂和点火孔是影响高压力气体发生器的主要因素,选用燃速较快的气体发生剂和较大的点火孔面积可以有效控制高压力气体发生器低温点火的稳定性。     

安全气囊用烟火式气体发生剂的配方设计

主要介绍了安全气囊用烟火式气体发生剂的配方参数、配方组分的选择、配方设计方法及气体发生剂性能评估方法,提出了比冲法这一新的配方设计方法;介绍了包括氧平衡、产气量、燃温、燃速等几个主要配方参数,提出了一种安全气囊气体发生剂的燃速测试方法;此外,还介绍了安全气囊气体发生剂配方常用的几种燃料、氧化剂、催化剂、降温剂及助剂的理化性质。     

振动磨混合时间对气体发生剂性能的影响研究

研究了振动磨不同研磨混合时间对安全气囊气体发生剂中各组分的混合均匀性和产品一致性的影响,此外,还通过气体发生剂与气体发生器匹配后进行的压力性能测试、火焰试验以及残渣试验,考查了振动磨研磨混合时间对气体发生剂性能的影响,为实际生产中振动磨研磨混合时间的确定提供了一定的参考依据。     

Liposomes Targeting P21 Activated Kinase-1 (PAK-1) and Selective for Secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) Decrease Cell Viability and Induce Apoptosis in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

P21 activated kinases (or group I PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose expression is altered in prostate and breast cancers. PAK-1 activity is inhibited by the small molecule “Inhibitor targeting PAK-1 activation-3” (IPA-3), which has selectivity for PAK-1 but is metabolically unstable. Secretory Group IIA phospholipase A₂ (sPLA₂) expression correlates to increased metastasis and decreased survival in many cancers. We previously designed novel liposomal formulations targeting both PAK-1 and sPLA_2, called Secretory Phospholipase Responsive liposomes or SPRL-IPA-3, and demonstrated their ability to alter prostate cancer growth. The efficacy of SPRL against other types of cancers is not well understood. We addressed this limitation by determining the ability of SPRL to induce cell death in a diverse panel of cells representing different stages of breast cancer, including the invasive but non-metastatic MCF-7 cells, and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells such as MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-435. We investigated the role of sPLA₂ in the disposition of these liposomes by comparing the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 to IPA-3 encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL-IPA-3), a formulation shown to be less sensitive to sPLA₂. Both SSL-IPA-3 and SPRL-IPA-3 induced time- and dose-dependent decreases in MTT staining in all cell lines tested, but SPRL-IPA-3-induced effects in metastatic TNBC cell lines were superior over SSL-IPA-3. The reduction in MTT staining induced by SPRL-IPA-3 correlated to the expression of Group IIA sPLA₂. sPLA₂ expression also correlated to increased induction of apoptosis in TNBC cell lines by SPRL-IPA-3. These data suggest that SPRL-IPA-3 is selective for metastatic TNBC cells and that the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 is mediated, in part, by the expression of Group IIA sPLA₂.     

注气孔位置对文丘里管式微气泡发生器成泡特性的影响分析

尽管文丘里管式微气泡发生器的注气口位置会对气泡在文丘里流道内的碎化特征产生直接影响,但迄今缺乏针对性的深入研究。通过可视化实验方法,对比分析了注气口分别位于喉管处（结构1型）和进水管处（结构2型）时的气液流型、气泡破碎特征以及成泡特性。实验表明,气、液相流量对结构1型微气泡发生器内的气液流型影响显著,初始成泡区域随液相流量增加,环状流或泡状流向弹状流转变,而随气相流量增加则由泡状流或弹状流向环状流转变;结构2型微气泡发生器则在此过程中始终为泡状流,其对操作工况的适应范围大于结构1型。在相同工况下,结构1型微气泡发生器的成泡Sauter平均粒径小于结构2型,但随着液相Reynolds数的增大,二者间的成泡平均粒径差值随之减小。分析原因是由于弹状流流型下,延伸至扩张段区域的弹型泡的表面积更大,能量转化率更高,气泡界面失稳碎化的程度更显著。随着液相Reynolds数的增大,初始成泡体积减小,湍流破碎机理作用占据主导,掩盖了由于界面失稳引起的气泡破碎。结构1型微气泡发生器的成泡能耗高于结构2型,并且随液相Reynolds数的增大,两者之间的差值随之增大。综合来看,结构2型微气泡发生器能够在低能耗下实现高效成泡,面向工程应用将更具优势。     

QF-J3-2型汽轮发电机的负序电流保护

针对云浮硫铁矿化工厂QF-J3-2型汽轮发电机由于电网缺相运行导致发电机转子轴瓦烧毁的事故,设计安装了发电机负序过电流保护装置,避免了类似原因造成的事故和损失,确保了发电机的安全。     

RWS-A型ClO2发生器在生活饮用水处理中的应用

通过对二氧化氯发生器原理及特点的介绍 ,使用该装置后的效果及经济性分析 ,说明在生活水处理中选用二氧化氯发生器是成功的 ,且具有明显的经济效益     

Ozone Formation from the Reaction Of O2-Activated N2 Molecules and a New Type of Ozone Generator with Fine Wire Electrode

Experiments using an ozone generator which has a fine steel wire electrode are described. Various conditions of the wire electrode ozone generator such as wire diameter, volume density of wire electrode, applied voltage and the effects of SF₆ addition also are reported. The efficiency of the wire electrode ozone generator in air exceeded that of the usual ozone generator for 0.1 mm wire diameter and 0.156 g cm^?3 volume density of wire over the entire range of applied voltage. This efficiency increases by adding 0.08% SF₆ in air. Increase of ozone and NOX formation in the air ozone generator can be explained by the reactions of O₂ and activated N₂.     

Effect of Silica Packing on Ozone Synthesis from Oxygen-Nitrogen Mixtures

The effect of silica packing in an ozone generator fed with oxygen-nitrogen mixtures has been studied. The measurements were carried out in an ozone generator with a double-sided cooled discharge gap, in which silica packing has been placed. In the presence of the packing considerably higher ozone concentrations were achieved than in the ozone generator without packing. An especially clear effect of silica packing was observed in air-fed conditions. It has been found that the increase in the concentration of the obtained ozone coincides with the increase of N₂O in the post-reaction gas.     

急冷油稀释蒸汽发生器内漏原因分析及应对措施

乙烯装置急冷油稀释蒸汽发生器用于回收急冷油中的热量,以产生的稀释蒸汽供裂解炉使用,减少外补中压蒸汽,降低装置的能耗.急冷油稀释蒸汽发生器一旦发生内漏,急冷油会漏进工艺水中,导致稀释蒸汽发生系统被污染,影响装置的平稳生产,严重时装置被迫停车处理.通过对茂名2号乙烯装置急冷油稀释蒸汽发生器发生内漏的原因进行分析,提出相应的...     

An Ion Generator for Neutralizing Concentrated Aerosols

An ion generator was developed to neutralize concentrated streams of large, highly charged particles in a low-velocity wind tunnel. The aerosol stream tested consisted of 30 mu m aluminum oxide particles (aerodynamic diameter 52 mu m) at a flow rate of 9.6 m³/h (160 L min) and a mass concentration of 43 g/m³. The average number of excess charges per particle was 240,000 (positive), which corresponds to a neutralizing current requirement of 0.11 mu A. Neutralization to < +/- 10,000 charges per particle was necessary to prevent electrostatic sampling artifacts. Neutralization with radioactive sources would have required an impractically large source. The ion generator, constructed from 21 and 32 mm PVC pipe, has 4 peripheral radial electrodes of 0.5 mm tungsten wire and a 2.0 mm diameter central electrode. The aerosol flowed through the ion generator along its axis. The ion generator was powered by an adjustable (0-8.5 kV) power supply. Performance of the ion generator was monitored with an isokinetic Faraday-cup sampler connected to a Keithley Model 6512 electrometer capable of 0.1 fA resolution. The sampler used a stainless steel 47 mm filter holder as the Faraday cup. The cup was insulated with Teflon inside a 90 mm diameter stainless steel enclosure with a 21 mm diameter inlet. This setup gave near real-time measure ment of the charge state of the aerosol in the wind tunnel. By adjusting the ion generator power supply, particle charge could be reduced to < 2% of its original charge. Ion generator output was sufficiently stable to maintain the particle charge within +/- 2% of the original charge over a 1 h period. These reduced charge levels are comparable to charge levels found on workplace aerosols.     

干法与湿法乙炔发生工艺的对比

电石法乙炔发生装置是电石法聚氯乙烯生产的关键设备,对同时运行的湿法和干法各一套乙炔发生装置的运行状况进行了对比。     

VOC removal by synergic effect of combustion catalyst and ozone

The synergic effects of the combustion catalyst Ba---CuO---Cr₂O₃/Al₂O₃ and ozone, used as strong oxidant species in the combustion of various VOCs, were studied. The experiments were performed with five different methods by feeding the organics with air (1000 ppmV) before (methods 2 and 4) and after the ozone generator (methods 1, 3 and 5), they entered into the catalytic reactor (methods 1, 2 and 3) or were directly analyzed (methods 4 and 5). The concentration profiles of the organics were compared as a function of the reaction temperature (from 100 to 500°C) for the methods 1, 2 and 3 and as a function of the peak voltage of the ozone generator (2–10 kV), that is the ozone concentration (up to 2000 ppm) for methods 4 and 5. Ozone strongly reacted in the gas phase with aromatic molecules and organics having functional groups. Moreover, a positive ionizing effect produced by the corona discharge in the ozone generator on the destruction of the organics was found too.