Microstructures and Electrochemical Properties of Cobalt-Free LaNi4.0Ai0.2Fe0.4Cu0.4-x Snx （x = 0 - 0.4） Electrode Alloys Prepared by Casting

The microstructure, hydriding performance, and electrochemical properties of LaNi4.0Ai0.2Fe0.4Cu0.4-x Snx（x = 0- 0.4） hydrogen storage alloys prepared by casting were investigated using XRD, SEM, pressure-composition isotherms, and electrochemical measurements. Substitution of Sn for Cu leads to the precipitation of LaNiSn phase. With increasing amount of tin substitution, cell volume, plateau pressures, and discharge capacities of the alloys decrease, whereas the cycle life of the alloys improves.     

Electrochemical Properties of CeMg12＋x% Ni Composites （x=0～200） Prepared by Ball-Milling

Hydrogenstorageelectrodealloyshavebeenre ceivedmuchattentionrecentlybecausenickel metal hydride (Ni MH )secondarybatteriesusinghydrogenstoragealloysasthenegativeelectrodematerialshavemanyadvantagesovernickel cadmium (Ni Cd)batter ies ,suchashighenergydens…     

Electrochemical performance of compounds Ho_6Fe_(23–x)Co_x (x=0,1,3)

Alloys with composition of Ho6Fe23–xCox (x=0,1,3) were prepared and examined by X-ray diffraction technique and automatic battery testing instrument.The compounds Ho6Fe23–xCox (x=0,1,3) crystallized in cubic Th6Mn23-type structure with space group Fm 3m (No.225).The electrochemical properties of these alloys such as discharge capacity,cycling performance and high rate dischargeability were investigated by battery testing instruments in alkaline electrolyte.Substitution of small amounts of Co for Fe in Ho6Fe...     

Synthesis of Nd_(2-x)Sr_xCoO_(4±λ)(x=0.4～1.2) and Catalytic Properties in Reduction of NO

Synthesis of Nd_(2-x)Sr_xCoO_(4±λ)(x=0.4～1.2) and Catalytic Properties in Reduction of NO     

Fe_(2-x)Zn_xMoO_4(x=0.1～1)尖晶石的磁序

印度研究了在低温下显示稳定无序磁态的Ｆｅ2 -ｘＺｎｘＭｏＯ4 尖晶石铁氧体。借助ＤＣ磁化测定与温度、磁场和时间的关系及ＡＣ磁化率实验研究磁性能。测定表明 ,这种无序磁体在低场下与自旋玻璃或聚集玻璃态相态具有许多共同特征。结果表明 ,由于非磁性Ｚｎ的取代引起磁性离子浓度下降 ,使相互作用逐渐改变 ,并且干扰磁序自旋 ,同时 ,磁序下降。Fe_(2-x)Zn_xMoO_4(x=0.1～1)尖晶石的磁序@许孙曲     

Electrochemical performance of La_(2–x)Sm_xMg_(16)Ni+200 wt.% Ni(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys

Nanocrystalline and amorphous La_(2–x)Sm_xMg_(16)Ni+200wt.% Ni(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) alloys were prepared by mechanical milling technology. The structures of as-cast and milled alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Electrochemical performance of the alloy was studied by using an automatic galvanostatic system. The electrochemical impedance spectra(EIS) and Tafel polarization curves were measured by electrochemical workstation. The results indicated that the structures of the as-cast and milled alloys presented a multiphase structure with nanocrystalline and amorphous phase, moreover, transforming from nanocrystalline to amorphous phase with Sm doping. With the increase of Sm content, the maximum discharge capacity of the alloy was decreased from 922.6 to 649.1 m Ah/g, the high-rate discharge ability(HRD) was decreased, the cycle stability was strengthened, and the alloy exhibited excellent electrochemical kinetics. In addition, the charge-transfer resistance(R_(ct)) of alloy was lessened from 0.05874 to 0.02953 ? and the limiting current density(I_L) was descended from 2.08366 to 1.04592 A/g with increasing Sm content.     

铸态La_(2-x)Sm_xMg_(16) Ni(x=0-0.4)合金的气态储氢性能

采用真空感应熔炼技术制备了La_(2-x)Sm_xMg_(16)Ni(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)储氢合金。用X射线衍射(XRD)研究了合金吸放氢前后的相结构,用Sievert测试了合金吸放氢动力学曲线,采用Arrhenius法估算了合金吸放氢的活化能。结果表明,铸态合金的主相是La_2Mg_(17),并存在少量的第二相SmNi和Sm_5Mg_(41)。合金吸氢后形成了氢化物LaH_3和MgH_2。合金的吸氢量、吸放氢动力学随Sm替代量的增加而增加,当Sm替代量从x=0增加到x=0.4时,最大吸氢量从4.458%(质量分数,下同)增加到4.925%。在3 MPa,498 K下,10 min的吸氢量分别为:4.308%,4.342%,4.488%,4.564%,4.787%;在真空、498 K下,20 min的放氢量分别为1.684%,1.521%,1.779%,1.666%,2.131%。Sm替代对合金吸放氢动力学性能的改善主要归因于Sm使合金的活化能降低。随着合金中Sm替代量的增加,合金生成焓ΔH的绝对值及吸氢平台压先减小后增加。制备合金中,La_(1.7_Sm_(0.3)Mg_(16)Ni合金的生成焓ΔH的绝对值最小,为-53.07 k J·mol-1。     

Crystalline Behavior and Magnetic Properties of Nd60Fe30-x Al10Cox（x = 0,5,10） Bulk Amorphous Alloys

Crystalline behavior and magnetic properties of Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox( x = 0, 5, 10) bulk amorphous alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Neither glass transition nor supercooled liquid region before crystallization was observed for the as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox ( x = 0,5,10) bulk amorphous alloys. The glass forming ability can be improved significantly by the addition of Co. The as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox (x = 0,5,10) alloys show hard magnetic behavior. With the addition of Co content, intrinsic coercivity (iHc) increases while the saturation magnetization(σs) and remanence (σr) decrease. The Curie temperature for the as-cast Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox alloys increases from 451 K for x =0 to 468 K for x = 10. Some pre-cipitation of crystalline phases does not affect the hard magnetic properties of Nd60Fe30-xAl10Cox(x = 0,5,10) alloys, while the hard magnetic behavior disappears quickly after the alloys being completely crystallized.     

NaZn_(13)型La_(0.8)Ce_(0.2)Fe_(11.6-x)Mn_xSi_(1.4)H_y(x=0.15,0.20)粘结复合物的磁热效应

通过熔炼炉反复熔炼,然后放入流动氩气退火炉中在1363 K下退火100 h后自由冷却至室温,饱和吸氢得到母合金La_(0.8)Ce_(0.2)Fe_(11.6-x)Mn_xSi_(1.4)H_y(x=0.15,0.2)。最后对其进行等质量塑性粘结得到复合物。XRD相图结果表明母合金的主相均为Na Zn13型立方结构(空间点群为Fm-3c)。由热磁曲线和磁熵变曲线可以明显看出,复合物的温变区间与两母合金相比有所增大,并且在0~1.5 T磁场下其熵变值依然比Gd的要高,最高约为4.05 J/(kg·K)。粘结得到的复合物磁熵变曲线的半峰宽也有所增加。复合物的RCP(S)值与两母合金相比相差不大,而制冷温变区间有所增大。抗压强度测量结果表明粘结复合物具有较好的机械性能,有利于在磁制冷机中应用。     

Effect of Mn on the Magnetostriction and Magnetic Properties in Zr_(0.1)Tb_(0.9)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2 and Y_(0.1)Tb_(0.9)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2

Effect of Mn substitution for Fe in cubic Laves Zr_(0.1)Tb_(0.9)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2 and Y_(0.1)Tb_(0.9)(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2 com-pounds is presented.Similar results in both systems are obtained: The structure and the magnetism of TbFe_2 areboth influenced slightly by a small amount of Y or Zr substitution for Tb;With increasing x value,the latticeconstant increases monotonously;the Curie temperature decreases linearly;while saturation magnetizationincreases linearly.For the small amount of Mn substitution for Fe in both systems,magnetostriction issignificantly larger than that in the pure iron alloys.The largest magnetostriction of|γ_‖-|γ_|=2200×10~(-6)at magnetic field of 2×10~7/4π A/mis obtained for Y_(0.1)Tb_(0.9)(Fe_(0.95)Mn_(0.05)_2.     

Nd元素部分取代对La_(0.8-x)Nd_xMg_(0.2)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.5)(x=0～0.15)储氢合金结构和电化学性能影响

研究了Nd元素部分取代对La0.8-xNdxMg0.2Ni3.3Co0.5(x=0～0.15)合金的相结构和电化学性能影响。研究发现,由X射线衍射图谱分析,合金主要由CaCu5型相、PuNi3型相及少量Pr5Co19型相组成,随着Nd含量的增加,合金物相晶胞参数和晶胞体积在逐渐降低。合金电极电化学测试显示,随着Nd含量的增加,La0.8-xNdxMg0.2Ni3.3Co0.5(x=0～0.15)合金电极电化学容量从370.5 mAh.g-1(x=0)增加到最大容量377.7 mAh.g-1(x=0.05),然后下降369.2 mAh.g-1(x=0.15);合金电极电化学容量经过100次循环的容量保持率S100从65.9%(x=0)增加到最大至72.8%(x=0.15);合金电极的高倍率性能HRD1200逐渐从83%(x=0)增加到88%(x=0.15),动力学测试分析结果显示合金高倍率性能是由电催化活性和氢在合金体内的扩散两个过程控制共同控制的。综合考虑,Nd取代量为0.15时,合金电极电化学性能较好。     

粉末冶金法制备La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Mn_x(x=0-0.4)合金及其电化学贮氢性能研究

为了改善稀土系A_2B_7型贮氢合金的电化学贮氢性能,采用粉末冶金方法制备的La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Mn_x(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)贮氢合金,研究少量Mn替代Ni对合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:合金由La Ni5、La2Ni7两相组成,随着Mn含量的增加,两相晶胞逐渐膨胀。Mn的加入能显著改善合金的电化学性能,然而过高的Mn含量会对合金的放电性能带来不利影响。其中La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.2)Mn_(0.3)合金电极的最大放电容量为362.3m Ah/g,经过100次循环后容量保持率为69.5%。此外,合金电极的高倍率放电性能、线性极化曲线以及电化学交流阻抗谱的测试均表明合金的电化学动力学性能随着Mn含量的增加先增大而后减小。     

Ti_(1-x)W_xC(x=0～1.00)固溶体型碳化物弹性性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算了Ti1-xWxC(x=0,0.10,0.20,0.30,0.40,0.50,0.75,1.00)8种碳化物的晶格常数、弹性性质和电子态密度,计算结果与报道的实验数据相一致。分析发现Ti1-xWxC的晶胞参数随W含量增加呈线性减小;Ti0.60W0.40C具有最大剪切模量237.46 GPa,Ti0.50W0.50C具有最小G/B值0.59,其韧性最佳;分析电子态密度得知该系列化合物除WC外均有明显的pd轨道杂化作用,从而导致其力学性能发生变化。     

La_(15-x)Ce_xFe_(14)Ni_(64)Mn_5B_2(x=0～6)储氢合金结构及电化学性能研究

采用真空速凝工艺制备La15-xCexFe14Ni64Mn5B2(x=0、2、4、6)储氢合金薄带,分析合金结构并测试其电化学性能。四个合金均由三相组成,分别为LaNi5相(基体相)、La3Ni13B2相和(Fe,Ni)相。随替代元素Ce替代量的逐渐增加,合金的活化性能、最大放电容量和高倍率放电性能(HRD)都有所降低,但循环稳定性明显改善,充放电循环100次的容量保持率(S100)从62.4%(x=0)增加到了的81.4%(x=6)。     

La_(15-x)Nd_xFe_(14)Ni_(64)Mn_5B_2(x=0～6)储氢合金的结构和电化学性能

采用中频感应熔炼-快淬炉制备了La15-xNdxFe14Ni64Mn5B2(x=0、2、4、6)储氢合金。扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱(EDS)分析表明,这些合金由(La,Nd)Ni5相、(Fe,Ni)相和(La,Nd)3Ni13B2相组成。X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明,Nd含量对合金的相组成没有影响,但随Nd含量的增加,衍射峰向高角度方向轻微位移。电化学测试表明,随x值的增大,合金电极的放电容量及高倍率放电能力(HRD)先增加后减小,x=2时的放电容量(302mAh.g-1)最高,HRD值(1050 mA.g-1放电时为65.6%)最大。充放电循环稳定性随x值的增大而增加。适量的Nd替代La有利于改善LaFeNiMnB储氢合金的综合电化学性能。     

钪基Laves相合金Sc_(0.8)Zr_(0.1)Y_(0.1)Mn_(2-x)Ni_x(x=0～2.0)的微观结构和储氢性能

用真空电弧熔炼制备AB2型Sc0.8Zr0.1Y0.1Mn2-xNix(x=0~2.0)储氢合金,利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜/能谱分析(SEM/EDS)研究了吸氢前后Ni元素替代Mn对Sc Mn2基合金微观结构的影响,用Sievert装置和热重-差热分析仪(TG/DSC)测试了合金的压力-组成-温度(P-C-T)曲线和吸放氢动力学。研究结果表明,合金铸态组织主要由Laves主相和少量Sc Ni及富Y的第二相组成,其中稀土Sc和Y元素易与Ni形成相应的金属间化合物相。随Ni含量x的增加,合金基体的Laves相组织结构由C14型向C15型转变,x=0时,合金组织基本为C14型Laves相单相组织,x=2.0时,合金组织则完全转变为C15型Laves相单相组织。Ni元素替代Mn对合金的气态吸放氢动力学行为和吸氢P-CT曲线影响较大。随Ni含量的增加,合金吸氢动力学与活化性能逐渐变慢,但其放氢温度明显降低,氢化物生成焓减小(-35.05~-18.72k J·mol-1),储氢平台压升高,储氢容量降低;室温时合金最大储氢量达2.18%(质量分数),储氢后其晶格膨胀率ΔV/V为10.63%~27.32%,吸氢前后合金主相仍保持C14型或C15型相结构,并未发生新的氢致相变,亦无氢致非晶化现象。     

Microstructure and High Temperature Impression Creep Properties of Mg–3Ca–xZr (x = 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 wt%) Alloys

The current study has investigated the influence of zirconium (Zr) addition to Mg–3Ca–xZr (x = 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 wt%) alloys prepared using argon arc melting on the microstructure and impression properties at 448–498 K under constant stress of 380 MPa. Microstructural analysis of as-cast Mg–3Ca–xZr alloys showed grain refinement with Zr addition. The observed grain refinement was attributed to the growth restriction effect of Zr in hypoperitectic Mg–3Ca–0.3 wt% Zr alloys. Heterogeneous nucleation of α-Mg in properitectic Zr during solidification resulted in grain refinement of hyperperitectic Mg–3Ca–0.6 wt% Zr and Mg–3Ca–0.9 wt% Zr alloys. The hardness of Mg–3Ca–xZr alloys increased as the amount of Zr increased due to grain refinement and solid solution strengthening of α-Mg by Zr. Creep resistance of Mg–3Ca–xZr alloys increased with the addition of Zr due to solid solution strengthening of α-Mg by Zr. The calculated activation energy (Q_a) for Mg–3Ca samples (131.49 kJ/mol) was the highest among all alloy compositions. The Q_a values for 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 wt% Zr containing Mg–3Ca alloys were 107.22, 118.18 and 115.24 kJ/mol, respectively.