基于机器视觉的陶瓷砖表面缺陷快速检测方法的研究

为了提高陶瓷砖表面缺陷检测效率,提出了一种基于机器视觉的表面缺陷检测方法。采用了自适应中值滤波算法对表面图像进行预处理,利用形状匹配实现图像之间的对齐,采用Deriche亚像素分割算法实现了陶瓷砖边缘的精确分割,设计局部门限算法实现陶瓷砖表面缺陷图像的提取。实验结果表明：该方法可实现陶瓷砖表面缺陷的快速提取,效果较好。     

基于机器视觉和改进形态学边缘检测算法的钢球缺陷检测技术研究

为提高钢球表面缺陷检测的效率和准确性,设计一种基于机器视觉的钢球表面缺陷分拣系统。对钢球表面图像进行图像分割、平滑去噪和二值化预处理,获取钢球表面图像的准确信息,并采用改进的中值滤波算法去除噪声;利用小波变换和多尺度形态学融合算法进行钢球表面缺陷的边缘检测;通过该融合算法和其他算法的检测结果对比和客观数据评价,验证了本文所提算法能够有效保留图像真实细节,并满足钢球分拣系统的需求。     

基于多尺度效应的坯布缺陷边缘检测算法

生产线上运动产品缺陷图像的边缘具有模糊和不确定性,采用多尺度方法来描述和分析可以获得更多信息.为了满足当前坯布检验过程中对于产品表面缺陷进行快速准确检测的要求,文中提出了一种基于多尺度效应的图像边缘检测与分割方法,结合小波变换的图像频带分解与重构、粗糙集的图像区域分割增强、多结构元素的形态学边缘提取方法为一体,应用于坯布表面质量检测,取得了较为理想的分割效果.     

基于改进 Canny 算子的锂电池极片表面缺陷检测

针对目前锂电池极片表面存在低对比度微小缺陷难以检测的问题,提出了一种基于改进Canny算子的锂电池极片表面缺陷检测方法。首先,使用双边滤波改善高斯滤波在降噪时可能造成的图像边缘模糊问题,并在此基础上引入多尺度细节增强算法来增强低对比度图像;其次,基于Sobel算子的3×3梯度模板计算极片图像的梯度幅值和梯度方向;最后,基于最大熵和Otsu算法自动获取图像的高、低阈值,通过逻辑与运算对两种算法阈值分割后的检测结果进行边缘融合,并利用形态学闭运算和细化算法修复不连续边缘,得到最终检测边缘。实验结果表明,传统Canny算子和Otsu-Canny算法难以有效检测不同类型的暗斑、露箔和划痕缺陷,而本文算法对这些缺陷均取得了较好的检测效果,能够在突出目标缺陷区域的同时,有效减少同色度背景噪声,正确检测率达98%,具有一定实用价值。     

活塞表面缺陷图像的亚像素边缘检测技术研究

针对活塞图像对比度低、缺陷区域小、缺陷种类多、人工检测效率低等问题,提出一种结合区域生长法和亚像素边缘提取的活塞表面缺陷检测方法。利用图像处理软件采集活塞图像,分析活塞表面图像中缺陷区域与正常区域灰度值的差异。使用区域生长法进行图像分割,结合Canny算子对活塞表面缺陷边缘进行初步定位。通过定位感兴趣区域的位置,进行亚像素级别提取,并平缓感兴趣区域边缘。实验表明,所提算法比传统的边缘提取方法得到的缺陷区域更精确、平滑。     

图像处理技术在活塞销缺陷检测中的应用

针对活塞销缺陷图像的特点,对其缺陷的提取技术进行了研究,提出了基于迭代的阈值构造方法和基于数学形态学的边缘提取算法。针对在工作现场采集的活塞销缺陷进行数字成像,结合图像的变换、中值滤波、阈值分割、边缘检测、特征提取、模式识别等算法,通过适当的处理和分析,对活塞销缺陷进行了自动检测与识别,最终实现了对缺陷的机器自动识别。     

图像处理技术在活塞销缺陷检测中的应用

针对活塞销缺陷图像的特点,对其缺陷的提取技术进行了研究,提出了基于迭代的阈值构造方法和基于数学形态学的边缘提取算法。针对在工作现场采集的活塞销缺陷进行数字成像,结合图像的变换、中值滤波、闽值分割、边缘检测、特征提取、模式识别等算法,通过适当的处理和分析,对活塞销缺陷进行了自动检测与识别,最终实现了对缺陷的机器自动识别。     

基于数学形态学的带钢表面缺陷边缘提取

介绍了数学形态学在图像边缘检测领域的应用,针对带钢表面缺陷种类多、边缘方向多且含有噪声的特点,通过分析、试验,确定采用修正的抗噪膨胀腐蚀型算法,构造多种结构元素,对带钢图像进行边缘检测,提取出了很好的边缘检测效果。与传统边缘检测算子在满足速度要求的情况下相比,此种多结构元素数学形态学方法,不仅能有效地检测出带钢表面缺陷的各个方向上的边缘,而且具有很强的抗噪性能,可以很好地检测出在强噪声下微小的缺陷边缘。检测结果明显优于传统边缘检测算子。     

基于形态学的木材缺陷检测

介绍了数学形态学灰度形态滤波方法,形态学多结构元素梯度边缘检测算法,给出对木材缺陷图像进行数学形态学运算处理后的图像实例.根据木材内部缺陷的特点,分析了结构元素的选取,提出了一种将数学形态学的灰度形态滤波和形态学双结构元素边缘检测有机结合的方法,对木材缺陷进行边缘检测.实验表明,该方法不仅提高木材内部缺陷检测的可靠性,...     

基于图像处理的管道裂缝检测

传统的管道裂缝检测方法速度慢、精确度低,因此提出一种基于图像处理的管道裂缝自动检测方法。首先对采集到的管道裂缝图像进行图像增强,有效地去除噪声。利用裂缝图像与背景图像灰度值的差异性,采用形态学梯度算法进行边缘检测。提出在边缘检测的基础上进行阈值分割,经实验比较分割结果优于其他方法。对分割的图像进行形态学处理,从而提取到特征图像,最后对特征图像进行特征值计算。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.