微细胞介导染色体转移法提高AT5BIVA细胞对电离辐…

ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞是一株经ＳＶ４０病毒转化的ＡＴ病人皮肤成纤维细胞，对γ射线高度敏感。实验用ＦＤ３，ＦＤ８，ＬＭ／ＴＫ为供体，通过微细胞介导染色体转移向ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞导入人或鼠的完整染色体，经两次３Ｇｙγ射线照射筛选后，获得ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ与ＦＤ３微细胞融合的杂合细胞ＡＴ／ＦＤ３－１，对－γ射线抗性有显著提高。     

用于细胞放射生物学研究的α照射模型

本文主要介绍我们建立的用于细胞放射生物学研究的α照射装置，包括：细胞培养室、照射室和控制装置等３部分。细胞照射用的放射源为６个活度在（３．３３－２００）ＭＢｑ范围内的２３８Ｐｕ电镀源，通过旋转放射源装置和非同轴转动准直器提供了一个均匀性优于５％的辐射场。培养室内可通５％ＣＯ２的空气混合气体及保持室内温度为３７．３±０．４℃。用金硅面垒探测器测得α粒子到达细胞表面的能量为３．９４ＭｅＶ，细胞核所受最大和最小剂量率分别为２０和０．３３ｃＧｙ／ｍｉｎ。用此装置研究了小鼠Ｃ３Ｈ１０Ｔ１／２细胞的存活曲线和以６０Ｃｏγ射线为参比的相对生物效能（ＲＢＥ）。得到细胞的平均致死剂量为０．５７Ｇｙ，在存活份额为８０％、３７％、５％时，相应的相对生物效能分别为１１．３、６．６和４．２。     

^99mTc—MIBI SPECT与^18F—FDG PET诊断胶质瘤复发及恶变对比分析

对２８例经过治疗的胶质瘤患者进行Ｇｄ－ＤＴＰＡＭＲＩ和＾１８Ｆ－ＦＤＧＰＥＴ显像，其中１４例同时进行＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＭＩＢＩＳＰＥＣＴ显像，并与治疗前解剖影像对比，ＰＥＴ结果发现１４例高代谢，１０例低代谢，４例瘤灶中心坏死，周边ＦＤＧ环状摄取，８例首次手术病理Ｉ－Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤患者中５例为高代谢，＾１８Ｆ－ＦＤＧＰＥＴ和＾９９ｍＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩＳＰＥＣＴ诊断胶质瘤复发及恶变的灵敏度依次为９３．３％，９     

30MeV/u~(40) Ar~(15+) 和 ~(60)Co γ 射线对人肝癌细胞株 SMMC-7721 辐射效应的比较

比较了重离子３０ＭｅＶ／ｕ４０Ａｒ１５＋和６０Ｃｏγ射线对体外培养的人肝癌细胞株ＳＭＭＣ７７２１的辐射效应，用活体和固定的方法观察了辐射处理后细胞死亡的过程。结果表明：无论是重离子还是γ射线，都能对细胞造成严重损伤，影响细胞存活百分数；同时，重离子比γ射线对细胞有更显著的杀伤效果，在处理后第４８ｈ，细胞存活率为５０％时，重离子的ＲＢＥ约为１５。     

30MeV／u^40Ar^15＋和^60Coγ射线对有肝癌细胞株SMM…

比较了重离子３０ＭｅＶ／ｕ＾４０Ａｒ＾１５｜和＾６０Ｃｏγ射线对体外培养的人肝癌细胞株ＳＭＭＣ－７７２１的辐射效应，用活体和固定的方法观察了辐射处理后细胞死亡的过程。结果表明，无论是重离子还是γ射线，都能对细胞造成严重损伤，影响细胞存活百分数；同时，重离子比γ射线对细胞有更显著的杀伤效果，在处理后第４８ｈ，细胞存活率为５０％时，重离子的ＲＢＥ约为１．５．     

佛波醇酯和人外周血促α照射致细胞恶性转化频率增加的研究

旨在观察佛波醇酯（ＰＭＡ）和人血多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮ）产生的氧自由基对α粒子致细胞转化频率（ＴＦ）的增加效应。Ｃ３Ｈ１０Ｔ１／２细胞经０．５、１．０和１．５Ｇｙα粒子照射后加入ＰＭＡ及ＰＭＡ刺激的人血，测定存活分数和ＴＦ，由１２５０个皿的实验所得初步结果看出，ＰＭＡ能刺激照射的Ｃ３Ｈ１０Ｔ１／２细胞增殖，并依赖于接种细胞密度和照射剂量，ＰＭＡ使０．５Ｇｙ照射的细胞ＴＦ增高２．１倍，ＰＭＡ刺激的人血增加２．８倍。     

BODY SURFACE EXPOSURE DISTRIBUTION OF EXAMINEES RECEIVED UPPER G．I．T．X－RAY EXAMINATION

ＢＯＤＹ　ＳＵＲＦＡＣＥ　ＥＸＰＯＳＵＲＥ　ＤＩＳＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮ　ＯＦ　ＥＸＡＭＩＮＥＥＳ　ＲＥＣＥＩＶＥＤ　ＵＰＰＥＲ　Ｇ．Ｉ．Ｔ．Ｘ－ＲＡＹ　ＥＸＡＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＦｅｎｇＤｉｎｇｈｕａ（冯定华）ａｎｄＣｈｅｎｇＱｉｊｕｎ（程祺钧）（Ｆａｃｕ...     

天然汞的全套中子数据评价

在１０￣（－５）＿ｅＶ－２０ＭｅＶ中子能量范围内对天然汞的中子核数据进行评价。评价内容包括总的、弹性、去弹、总非弹、３０条分立能级、连续非弹、（ｎ，２ｎ）、（ｎ，３ｎ，）、（ｎ，ｎ＇Ｐ）、（ｎ，ｎ＇α）、（ｎ，Ｐ）、（ｎ，α）、（ｎ，ｄ）、（ｎ，ｔ）和（ｎ，γ）截面；次级中子角分布；双微分截面（ＤＤＣＳ）；γ射线产生数据等。评价根据有效实验数据（至１９９３年）和ＵＮＦ－９２￣［１］理论计算。评价数据以ＥＮＤＦ／Ｂ６格式录入中国评价核数据库ＣＥＮＤＬ－２．１版（ＭＡＴ＝１８００），并提供核工程有关部门使用。     

ASSESSMENT OF COLLECTIVE DOSE FOR TRAVELLERS BY WATERS

ＡＳＳＥＳＳＭＥＮＴＯＦＣＯＬＬＥＣＴＩＶＥＤＯＳＥＦＯＲＴＲＡＶＥＬＬＥＲＳＢＹＷＡＴＥＲＳＹｕｅＱｉｎｇｙｕ（岳清宇）；ＪｉａｎｇＰｉｎｓ（姜萍）ａｎｄＪｉｎＨｕａ（金花）（ＣｈｉｎａＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｏｍｉｃＥｎｅｒｇｙ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ...     

SPECT脑血流灌注显像应用于脑血管疾病

７０例脑血管疾病患者（脑梗塞、ＴＩＡ、ＶＢＩ）行＾９９ｍＴｃ－ＥＣＤ ＳＰＥＣＴ脑血流灌注显像，并与ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ对照，结果ＳＥＰＣＴ诊断脑血管病的阳性率为９０％。ＣＴ为８８．２％（４５／５１），ＭＲＩ为９０％（２７／３１）。脑梗塞５５例中５１例ｒＣＢＦ图像上出现血流灌注减低区，４例发现交叉性小脑神经机能失联络证。诊断ＴＩＡ、ＶＢＩ的阳性率为７５％。ＳＰＥＣＴｒＣＢＦ显像发现病灶较ＣＴ、ＭＲＩ多；可     

应用单细胞微凝胶电泳技术检测成纤维细胞的放射敏感性

应用单细胞微凝胶电泳（SCGE）技术以及噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法检测辐射诱发的成纤维细胞系AT5BIVA和GM637的初始DNA双链断裂数及断裂拍的修复与细胞放射敏感性之间的关系。结果表明,AT5BIVA细胞系的放射敏感性显著高于GM637。两种细胞系的初始DNA双链断裂数均随剂量的增加而增加,呈显著的剂量效应关系,在给定的剂量点,辐射诱发的AT5BIVA细胞系的初始DNA双链断裂数显著高于GM637。AT5BIVA纱对辐射诱发的DNA双链断裂的修复能力小于GM637。结果提示,辐射诱发的初始DNA双链断裂数及断裂后的修复与细胞的放射敏感性均有一定的相关性,作为细胞放射敏感性预测指标具有很大的应用潜势。     

AT细胞特征及纠正细胞基因缺陷的研究

实验证明一株经SV 40病毒转化的毛细血管扩张性共济失调症病人的皮肤成纤维细胞AT 5 BIVA,对电离辐射和博莱霉素高度敏感,对γ射线诱发的DNA合成抑制呈抗性。本文尝试用DNA介导基因转移法向AT细胞导入人基因组DNA或其酶切片段,未能获得稳定的对γ射线抗性的转化细胞。染色体核型分析证实AT 5 BIVA细胞的第11号染色体中的一条缺失或异常。本文对外源目的基因未能稳定植入AT细胞的原因进行了讨论。     

低剂量~(60)Coγ线诱发人血淋巴细胞早熟凝聚染色体畸变的剂量效应曲线研究

本文报道应用人外周血淋巴细胞在离体条件下,用低剂量~(60)Coγ线照射后与M期CHO细胞融合产生G_1-PCC,计数其畸变产额,得到线性剂量效应刻度曲线,Y=0.26+0.028.Dr=0.99,并与常规细胞遗传学方法作了比较,结果表明G_1-PCC方法比常规遗传学方法快速、灵敏。对其作为生物剂量计尚存在的问题也进行了讨论。     

Evaluation of radiosensitivity of human tumor cells after irradiation of γ-rays based on G2-chromosome aberrations

The aim of the present investigation is to determine initial G2-chromosome aberrations and to validate whether the G2-chromosome aberrations can predict the cellular clonogenic survival in human tumor cell lines. Cell lines of human ovary carcinoma cells (HO8910) and human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were irradiated with a range of doses and assessed both for initial G2-chromosome aberrations and for cell survival after γ-irradiation. The initial G2-chromosome aberrations were measured by counting the number of G2-chromatid breaks after irradiation, detected by the premature chromosome condensation technique, and the G2-assay method. Cell survival was documented by a colony formation assay. A linear-quadratic survival curve was observed in both cell lines. The dose-response results show that the numbers of G2-chromatid breaks increase with the increase in dose in the two cell lines. At higher doses (higher than 4 Gy) of irradiation, the number of G2-chromatid breaks for the G2-assay method cannot be determined because too few cells reach mitosis, and hence their detection is difficult. A good correlation is found between the clonogenic survival and the radiation-induced initial G2-chromatid breaks per cell (r=0.9616). The present results suggest that the premature chromosome condensation technique may be useful for determining chromatid breaks in G2 cells, and the number of initial G2-chromatid breaks holds promise for predicting the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.     

Evaluation of radiosensitivity of human tumor cells after irradiation of γ-rays based on G2-chromosome aberrations

1 Introduction It is well established that the radiosensitivity is dependent on cell-cycle progression, and among stages of interphase, G2 phase is the most radiosensitive fol- lowed by G1 phase, and S phase, which is the least ra- diosensitive, whereas G0 phase is radioresistant under conditions of oxygen deprivation and sufficient repair time [1-3]. Previous studies have concluded that the G2 phase is a very important stage. Some researchers have studied the chromosome aberrations in G2 ph…     

Calyculin A诱导早熟染色体凝聚的电离辐射剂量效应曲线

以Calyculin A诱导早熟染色体凝聚(PCC)方法,探索G2/M-PCC细胞中PCC环用于分析电离辐射损伤程度的可行性,用0—20 Gy(剂量率为1 Gy/min)的60Coγ射线照射外周血,培养48 h并用Calyculin A诱导PCC。分析各剂量点G2/M-PCC指数、判断观察到的PCC环是否符合泊松分布,建立PCC环率与剂量之间的剂量效应曲线。结果发现,用Calyculin A可成功诱导人外周血淋巴细胞产生PCC,且G2/M-PCC指数随着剂量水平的增高而降低。除20 Gy剂量外,0—16 Gy各剂量点样品中PCC环的分布符合泊松分布。PCC环率随着剂量增加而增加,剂量-效应曲线可以拟合成y=0.0128x+0.0104直线方程,测得R2=0.9898(y为PCC-R率,x为剂量);二次多项式方程为y=0.00002x2+0.0085x+0.0011 R2=0.9996。由此可见,Calyculin A诱导淋巴细胞G2/M-PCC中的PCC环率可用于生物体电离辐射损伤程度测定。     

基于染色体畸变的细胞存活模型研究

为评估质子和重离子的辐射生物效应,建立了基于染色体畸变的细胞存活机理模型。开发了纳剂量生物物理蒙特卡罗模拟程序（NASIC）的DNA损伤修复模块,用于模拟不同射线类型、不同传能线密度（LET）辐射所致细胞核内染色体畸变产额。在分析辐射所致染色体畸变产额规律的基础上,建立了基于染色体畸变的细胞存活机理模型,并根据细胞存活实验数据拟合模型参数。以V79细胞为例,对于X射线和不同LET的质子,细胞存活分数的模型计算值与实验数据符合得很好,相关系数为0.985 3。采用⁴He离子的实验数据对模型及参数进行了验证,模型计算值与实验数据的相关系数为0.931 1。可见,模型能较好地区分不同射线类型、不同LET辐射在细胞致死效应上的差异。     

Modelling of Cellular Survival Following Chromosome Aberration

In order to assess the biological effectiveness of protons and heavy ions, a mechanistic model of cellular survival following radiation-induced chromosome aberrations was proposed. DNA damage repair module of nanodosimetry biophysical Monte Carlo simulation code (NASIC) was developed to simulate chromosome aberrations in nucleus induced by different types of particles at different linear densities of energy transfer (LET). Based on the analysis of radiation-induced chromosome aberration, a mechanistic model of cellular survival following radiation-induced chromosome aberrations was proposed. The parameters of the model could be obtained by fitting the experimental data of cell survival curves. For V79 cells exposed to X-rays and protons at different LET, the cell survivals calculated with the proposed model are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the correlation coefficient is 0.985 3. The proposed model was validated by experimental data of V79 cells exposed to ⁴He ions and the correlation coefficient of the cell survival calculated with the proposed model, and the experimental data is 0.931 1. The results show that the proposed model can distinguish the difference of cell survival for cells exposed to different types of particles at different LET.     

电离辐射与活性氧诱发人淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体交换与抑制细胞增殖率指数

电高辐射、超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基都能分别引起人淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）频率增加和细胞增殖率指数降低。ＳＣＥ与增殖率指数间密切负相关。推测电离辐射的上述生物学效应正是由辐照细胞生成的超氧阴离子和羟自由基引起的。     

Potential role of DNA-dependent protein kinase in cellular resistance to ionizing radiation

In this paper, we study the ability of DNA-PK-deficient (M059J) and -proficient (M059K) cells to undergo the rate of cellular proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis after 10 Gy X-ray irradiation, and the role of DNA-PK in radiosensitivity. The results showed that M059J cells exhibited hyper-radiosensitivity compared with M059K cells. A strong G2 phase arrest was observed in M059J cells post irradiation. Significant accumulation in the G2 phase in M059J cells was accompanied by apoptosis at 12 h. Altogether, the data suggested that DNA-PK may have two roles in mammalian cells after DNA damage, a role in DNA DSB repair and a second role in DNA-damaged cells to traverse a G2 checkpoint, by which DNA-PK may affect cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation.