四辊平整机轧制过程多体接触耦合变形有限元模拟

为了提高四辊平整机的板型控制精度,采用非线性大变形弹塑性有限元法,考虑辊系弹性变形和轧件弹塑性变形的耦合关系,建立辊系与带钢多体接触的平整过程三维分析模型.利用该模型对不同轧制工艺条件进行的模拟计算,得到了平整小压下量时的接触压扁及应力状态分布规律和工艺参数对辊系弯曲变形及辊缝形状分布的影响规律.所建模型和分析结果可用于现场轧制过程离线分析和指导在线模型的设定.     

镁合金板材轧制成型的研究进展

镁合金板材在变形镁合金中占有重要的地位,但其轧制成型工艺还不是很成熟.分析了镁合金轧制成型的特点,论述了镁合金板材轧制成型的工艺,及异步轧制、等径角轧制、交叉棍轧制、累积叠轧等轧制方式对轧制成形性及板材组织性能的影响.重点阐述了通过调整轧制工艺和选择轧制方式提高镁合金的轧制成形性.指出了镁合金板材轧制中存在的问题和今后发展的方向.     

电磁搅拌的半固态60Si2Mn钢流变轧制的组织特征

为了研究半固态钢铁材料轧制成形工艺，采用60Si2Mn弹簧钢作为实验材料，对其进行1道次的半固态轧制变形，研究了半固态浆料轧制前、后的组织变化，明确了在轧制变形区中半固态浆料的组织变化特征，研究结果表明：经1道次半固态轧制变形后，半固态浆料的组织得到明显改善，同时半固态浆料中的液、固相产生分离，固相颗粒大多聚集在轧制的中间区域，液相主要流向轧件的边部而导致液相偏析，使轧制产品的边部和中部的组织分布不同；当固相率达到一定值时，固相颗粒才发生塑性变形，被压扁拉长。     

金属铝箔冷轧过程中的特性研究

利用多辊冷轧技术对金属铝进行轧制，研究了1.8μm以下金属铝箔的轧制工艺，轧制出了厚度为1.6μm高纯铝摘要箔，分析了影响铝箔表面质量的主要因素。XRD分析表明轧制过程可以使铝箔晶粒细化，晶面偏转，并形成不同类型的变形织构。同时研究了轧制过程中其力学性能的变化。     

森吉米尔20辊轧机薄带轧制工艺研究

该文介绍了森吉米尔20辊轧机的特点及重点参数,对该型号20辊轧机轧制薄带的核心生产工艺进行研究分析,并对其核心生产工艺进行归纳总结并形成规范制度。完善的压下工艺、轧辊工艺和润滑工艺制度能有效地提高轧制过程中钢带的板形和厚度控制能力,降低轧制薄料中的断带率,使20辊轧机能轧制出要求更高的薄带,提高企业的市场竞争力。     

钛合金棒材轧制成型研究进展

钛合金的研究正向着高性能化、低成本化方向发展,但钛合金棒材轧制加工技术还不是很成熟,其产品难以满足高端市场的需求。因此,针对钛合金轧制成型特点,论述了通过改进轧制工艺和轧制方式提高钛合金棒材综合性能的方法。分析了轧制温度、变形速度、变形量、热处理方法对产品成型及组织性能的影响,阐述了步进轧机、螺旋轧机、Y型轧机、行星轧机等轧制小规格棒材的特点,并指出了钛合金棒材轧制存在的问题和今后的发展方向。     

变形量对铜包铝复合扁线轧制变形的数值模拟与实验研究

采用刚塑性有限元法,研究了变形量对铜包铝复合棒材由圆断面到扁平断面的轧制变形行为的影响,并对模拟结果进行了实验验证。结果表明:铜包铝棒材平辊轧制的宽展率和延伸率与压下率之间存在较为明显的线性关系;随压下率的增加,宽展指数先增大后减小,在压下率为40%时达到最大,为1.9;在后续轧制道次中,扁形断面铜包铝复合材料的压下率对轧制延伸变形的影响比宽展变形更显著;有限元计算结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性。     

半固态60Si2Mn流变轧制的组织及性能

对弹簧钢（60Si2Mn）进行1道次的半固态轧制变形，研究半固态浆料轧制前后的组织和性能，明确了在轧制变形中半固态浆料的组织变化规律和轧后的力学性能特征，结果表明：仅经过1道次的半固态轧制变形，兰固态浆料的组织就得到了明显的改善；在半固态浆料中，固相颗粒大多聚集在轧件的中间区域，液相主要流向轧件的边部，从而导致液相偏析，使轧制产品的边部和中部的组织和性能的不同，只有当固相率达到一定数值时，固相颗粒才会发生塑性变形，被压扁拉长。     

复合成形轧制铜极薄带变形局部化的晶体塑性有限元模拟

随极薄带厚度的进一步减薄，轧制极薄带变形由于轧件厚度/晶粒尺寸比值小的尺寸效应和变形程度导致各向异性与局部化已完全不同于轧制厚件时的变形特性。采用具有拉拔-压缩-剪切复合成形功能的微型异步轧机开展系列厚度铜极薄带的箔轧实验，结果表明复合成形轧制工艺和极薄带尺寸显著影响轧制力能参数与箔材质量。宏观有限元理论已不再适用出现这些新现象的极薄带轧制变形的建模。将嵌入初始晶粒形貌和取向等微观组织结构信息的介观晶体塑性有限元模型(CPFE)用于复合成形条件下铜极薄带轧制变形局部化的模拟与分析，指导箔轧工艺优化和提高箔材质量。晶粒层次的晶体塑性有限元模型，准确预测了单层晶铜极薄带轧制变形局部化的现象和趋势，模拟与实验的轧制力吻合较好，尤其是各向异性。随上下工作辊异速比的增大，箔材厚度方向剪切变形增强，变形带、滑移带形成且局部化趋势显著。晶粒变形局部化的差异，对轧制制备极薄带材的控形控性造成困难。     

冷轧轧制力数学模型的研究

通过对冷轧四辊轧机的实验分析,获得了轧制过程中的实际接触弧长。以卡尔曼单位压力微分方程与采利柯夫解为基础,并考虑轧辊弹性压扁,将实际接触区划分成不同的区域,根据不同区域的边界条件,建立了更准确的单位轧制压力的数学模型。     

Utilization of the finite element and Monte Carlo model for simulating the recrystallization of inhomogeneous deformation of copper

In this paper the finite element method and Monte Carlo model are coupled to simulate the grain size distribution of inhomogeneously deformed copper wire after annealing. The wire flat rolling process is chosen as an inhomogeneous deformation. The finite element method is utilized to calculate the stored energy distribution due to deformation and is then used in Monte Carlo model to obtain the distribution of grain size. A new relationship is developed to simulate the nucleation in recrystallization phenomenon. The modeling results are compared with the experimental results and an acceptable agreement is achieved.     

SAE6150弹簧扁钢热卷耳开裂原因分析

采用外观观察、电镜分析、金相检验等方法，对弹簧扁钢在热卷耳过程中发生的开裂原因进行了分析。结果表明热加工过程中温度控制不当，引起扁钢局部过烧进而导致卷耳变形时发生严重开裂现象。     

A parametric study on residual stresses and loads in drawing process with idle rolls

A comprehensive study of drawing process with flat idle rolls of round wires is presented through 3D mechanical finite element simulations. An elastic–plastic model is used for the wire material and contact behavior is simulated by a sliding–sticking friction model. The results of numerical simulations are compared with measurements on wires produced with a laboratory equipment. The comparison of drawing load and some geometrical characteristics of experimental samples with numerical model predictions allowed to establish a good correspondence of model with experimental findings, thus validating the numerical model. Residual stress of flat roll drawn wires, pressure distribution on the forming rolls and drawing load are studied. The effects of main process parameters such as initial workpiece diameter, forming rolls diameter and percentage of deformation are investigated. The results present a helpful insight into the process parameters effect in wire drawing with flat idle rolls thus furnishing the basic guidelines for process design and optimization.     

Surface plastic deformation distribution and microstructural evolution in the compound rolling of Ti–50Al billet

Compound rolling, which uses two different roller profiles to create plastic strain variation in the surface of a material, is described in this study. Based on the local load theory, equipment for the plastic deformation on the surface of the rectangular billet has been produced. The compound rolling behavior of Ti–50Al billet has been studied using this equipment. In order to study the deformation distribution of compound rolling, the flow net method for strain measurement has been employed. The deformation differences between compound rolling and flat rolling have been investigated with the commercial finite element method (FEM) code DEFORM-3D. The microstructure and the hardness from the surface to the center of the Ti–50Al billet developed through compound rolling has been characterized. These results indicate that the compound rolling technique results in severe plastic deformation near the surface with limited strain towards the center of the billet. This can result in compound microstructures, with fine recrystallized grains in the near surface region and the original directionally solidified microstructures in the center, and improve the hardness on the surface of the billet significantly.     

Fabrication and Electromechanical Characterization of Silver-Clad BSCCO Tapes

The powder-in-tube technique consisting of industrial processes such as wire drawing and rolling has been widely used to fabricate superconducting tapes. In the present investigation a novel technique was adopted to fabricate BSCCO 2223 tapes. Instead of wire drawing, the silver billet was reduced in size by groove rolling. Stress conditions during groove rolling were analyzed and appropriate changes were incorporated to optimize the deformation process. Subsequent thermomechanical treatment resulted in tapes with average critical current densities of 18,000 A/cm². Phase development and microstructural evolution during the thermomechanical treatment were studied using XRD, SEM, and TEM. The electromechanical properties of monofilament and composite BSCCO tapes were evaluated by subjecting them to in situ tensile tests. The strain tolerance of the composite was found to be better than that of the monofilament BSCCO tape.     

磁阻型电磁铆接工艺研究

目的 为了掌握磁阻型电磁铆接新技术,研究工艺参数对铆接驱动力的影响规律.方法 通过改变放电电压、线圈导线截面尺寸和弹丸尺寸等参数进行磁阻型电磁铆接试验研究,分析各参数对直径为8 mm的2A10铆钉镦头变形的影响,与感应式电磁铆接的成形铆钉进行对比.结果 随着放电电压的升高,铆钉镦头变形量增加;相同放电能量下,导线截面尺...     

The stribeck curve in cold flat rolling

Cold flat rolling of lubricated steel strips was studied. The three-component system of rolling - the mill, the rolled strip and their interface - was analyzed using a two-step mathematical model, a 1D model and flat rolling experiments. The utilized experimental data have been taken from McConnell and Lenard [1]. The objective of the study was the examination of the interactions of the three components and the development of the Stribeck curve. In the first part of the work, a two-dimensional finite element model was used in which the elastic deformation of the work roll and the elastic–plastic deformation of the strip were considered. Special attention was paid to the events at the lubricated interface where an upgraded version of Levanov’s model was utilized. The model was developed to analyze the local variables at the roll-strip interface. The parameters of the model were determined in an iterative manner, minimizing the differences of the measured and computed roll force and torque. Thus, the relative velocity between the roll and the strip, the roll pressure, the interfacial shear stress and the temperature were obtained. The effect of the temperature on the material parameters of the constitutive equations was also taken into account. Another model was then employed to consider the effects of the local variables on the lubricant’s viscosity. These were then used to obtain the local values of the Sommerfeld number, which in turn led to its average value and to the traditional shape of the Stribeck curve. Further, a simple 1D model of the flat rolling process was also tested for its ability to lead to the Stribeck curve. It was concluded that while both advanced and simple models allowed the development of the curve, removing the simplifying assumptions yielded a more reliable plot.     

轴类零件电弧熔丝轧制复合增材修复工艺研究

目的 针对电弧熔丝增材修复轴类零件时修复层出现柱状晶粒、修复质量不佳等问题,进行电弧熔丝和轧制复合的增材修复工艺研究。方法 研究了电弧熔丝和轧制复合的轴类零件修复工艺,即在焊枪后紧邻一个轧辊,对沉积层进行轧制,使材料在高温下发生塑性变形。开发、制造和测试了一种新型设备,并在316L不锈钢轴上进行了修复实验。研究了轧制对修复件拉伸性能、硬度和微观结构的影响,并对沉积层和结合界面进行了电子背散射衍射(EBSD)表征。结果 轧制导致了动态再结晶(DRX)形核从而细化了微观组织。与基体金属相比,修复层的硬度提高了20%~30%,屈服强度从220 MPa提高到432 MPa,极限抗拉强度从540 MPa提高到595 MPa。结论 采用电弧熔丝和轧制复合的修复工艺可以细化修复层微观组织,提高修复层的力学性能,该工艺可以有效解决轴类零件的修复问题。     

挤轧复合变形制备电磁连铸AZ61板材

通过挤压后再轧制的方法制备AZ61镁合金板材,利用动态再结晶产生局部剪切变形减弱挤压形成的{0002}基面织构,可以有效提高板材的塑性成形能力,对比分析了直接轧制75%变形量与挤轧复合轧制60%变形量的AZ61电磁半连铸镁合金板材.结果表明,两种工艺方法所得到的板材力学性能相近,前者抗拉强度σb=300 MPa,屈服强度σ0.2=230 MPa,延伸率δ=8.0%,后者σb=295 MPa,σ0.2=245 MPa,δ=8.2%.因此,可以通过挤轧复合的工艺方法利用较小的轧制变形量(60%)制备出与较大轧制变形量(75%)性能相近的镁合金板材.     

Enhanced surface properties and contact fatigue performance of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel subjected to ultrasonic surface rolling processing

The paper presents the experimental studies on the enhanced comprehensive properties of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel using ultrasonic surface rolling process. Considerable improvements in mechanical properties and rolling contact fatigue performance are achieved in the present study, accompanied by the characterization of surface microstructures. The ultrasonic surface rolling process promotes the formation of fine nanocrystalline structures and nano-sized elongated grains with severe deformation, leading to the increasing residual stress, micro-hardness and high temperatures hardness. The crack propagation and delamination pit in the surface after ultrasonic surface rolling process is inhibited, further enhancing the rolling contact fatigue life of Cr4Mo4V bearing steel.