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固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2-凹凸棒催化合成乳酸丁酯 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以固体超强酸SO42-/ZrO2-凹凸棒为催化剂,乳酸和丁醇为原料合成乳酸丁酯.考察了反应物摩尔比,催化剂用鼍,反应温度,反应时间,催化剂重复使用等因素对反应的影响.实验结果表明,当n(正丁醇):n(乳酸)=3.0:1,SO42-/ZrO2-凹凸棒用量为乳酸质量的4.0%,反应温度115℃,反应3.0 h时,乳酸的酯化率达96.64%.催化剂回收简单,重复使用5次后,乳酸的酯化率仍为92.04%. 相似文献
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纳米固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2催化合成酒用香料丁酸异戊酯 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以纳米固体超强酸SO4^2-/TiO2为催化剂,通过丁酸和异戊醇反应合成丁酸异戊酯。实验结果表明,纳米固体超酸SO4^2-/TiO2是合成丁酸异戊酯的良好催化剂,最佳反应条件为:酸醇物质的量比为1:1.3,催化剂用量为0.4g/0.2mol丁酸,反应时间为2h。此时酯化率可达98.2%,并且催化剂可以多次重复使用。 相似文献
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稀土复合固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2-CeO_2催化合成食用香料乳酸乙酯的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了以稀土复合固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)-/ZrO_2-CeO_2作催化剂,乳酸和乙醇为原料合成食用香料乳酸乙酯。通过正交实验考察了影响酯化反应的主要因素,确定的最佳合成条件为:乳酸用量为0.1 mol时,乙醇与乳酸物质的量之比为3.0:1,催化剂用量为乳酸质量的2.5%,回流反应3.0 h,带水剂环已烷20 mL/0.1 mol乳酸条件下,酯化率可达90.3%。且该催化剂具有良好的重复性和再生性。 相似文献
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使用价格相对便宜的锡类化合物和高比表面积的高岭土,采用超声波沉淀及微波干燥方法制得性价比较高的固体超强酸催化剂SO42-/SnO2-高岭土,并应用于食用香精丙酸正丁酯的合成反应。考察了该酯化反应中酸醇物质量之比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂种类及用量等因素对酯化率的影响、并对催化剂的重复使用情况进行了考察。得到最佳反应条件:醇酸摩尔比为2∶1,催化剂用量为反应物料总量的3%,反应温度114116℃,正丁醇作带水剂,反应时间为4 h,此时酯化率达97.02%,高于多数文献值,催化剂重复使用第3次酯化率仍达到86.58%,经GCMS分析知产品纯度达96.68%。 相似文献
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报道了对甲苯磺酸在乳酸和正丁酸酯化作用中的应用,讨论了其催化合成条件。研究结果表明,反应的最佳条件是:乳酸(mol):正丁醇(mol)=1:3.5;催化剂用量为0.5g,产率达76.6%。 相似文献
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分光光度-低压离子色谱法测定Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Fe2+和Mn2+ 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
建立了分光光度-低压离子色谱法测定Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Fe2+和Mn2+6种重金属离子的分析方法.选用柠檬酸-草酸混合液作为洗脱体系进行梯度洗脱,将6种金属离子完全分离,柱后采用1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚(PAN)进行衍生反应,于波长560 nm处进行检测.6种离子的检出限分别为0.006、0.012、0.005、0.125、0.070、0.020 mg/L.该方法用于环境水样测定,结果与原子吸收法所测值基本吻合,分析结果令人满意. 相似文献
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添加助剂的过氧化氢漂白 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
麦草NaOHO2/NaOH两段蒸煮纸浆具有良好的可漂性,采用简单的酸处理H2O2漂白(AP)程序,仅用15%的H2O2可使漂白浆的白度达到74%~753%(ISO)。为了进一步提高麦草NaOHO2/NaOH两段蒸煮纸浆无氯漂白的效果,又进行了添加助剂的H2O2漂白试验。1试验部分漂白用浆为麦草NaOH预处理O2/NaOH蒸煮的氧碱浆,其白度为594%(ISO),卡伯值109,粘度827ml/g。漂白采用酸处理H2O2漂白(AP)程序,浆样先用H2SO4进行预处理,再进行H2O2漂白。酸处理在烧杯中进行,H2… 相似文献
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氯化钙用于高得率浆H2O2漂前预处理 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
研究了CaCl2用于高得率桦木浆H2O2漂前预处理的效果,并与DTPA、EDTA、H2SO4等预处理剂的预处理效果进行了比较。结果表明,CaCl,是一种优良的预处理剂。CaCl2预处理的适宜条件为:用量0.5%,pH值7,温度40℃,时间25min。 相似文献
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Yu-Jing Zhu Han-Tao Zhou Yong-Hua Hu Jian-Yang Tang Ming-Xing Su Yun-Ji Guo Qing-Xi Chen Bo Liu 《Food chemistry》2011
The inhibition kinetics of 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylacetic acid on the enzyme activity of mushroom tyrosinase have been investigated. The results showed that these aromatic compounds can lead to reversible inhibition of the enzyme; furthermore, 2-phenylacetaldehyde and 2-phenylacetic acid are uncompetitive inhibitors and 2-phenylethanol is a mixed-type inhibitor. The inhibition constants have been determined and the inhibiting ability was: 2-phenylacetaldehyde > 2-phenylacetic acid > 2-phenylethanol, indicating that the functional group on the benzene ring group played an important role in the inhibition of the enzyme. In addition, 2-phenylacetic acid and 2-phenylethanol were found to have effective antibacterial activities, and 2-phenylacetic acid was more effective against Escherichia coli and Ralstonia solanacearum than 2-phenylethanol, but 2-phenylacetaldehyde lacked of antibacterial activity. 相似文献
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Cerrato JM Barrows CJ Blue LY Lezama-Pacheco JS Bargar JR Giammar DE 《Environmental science & technology》2012,46(5):2731-2737
The dissolution of UO(2) in a continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in the presence of Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) was investigated under experimental conditions relevant to contaminated groundwater systems. Complementary experiments were performed to investigate the effect of adsorption and precipitation reactions on UO(2) dissolution. The experiments were performed under anoxic and oxic conditions. Zn(2+) had a much greater inhibitory effect on UO(2) dissolution than did Ca(2+). This inhibition was most substantial under oxic conditions, where the experimental rate of UO(2) dissolution was 7 times lower in the presence of Ca(2+) and 1450 times lower in the presence of Zn(2+) than in water free of divalent cations. EXAFS and solution chemistry analyses of UO(2) solids recovered from a Ca experiment suggest that a Ca-U(VI) phase precipitated. The Zn carbonate hydrozincite [Zn(5)(CO(3))(2)(OH)(6)] or a structurally similar phase precipitated on the UO(2) solids recovered from experiments performed in the presence of Zn. These precipitated Ca and Zn phases can coat the UO(2) surface, inhibiting the oxidative dissolution of UO(2). Interactions with divalent groundwater cations have implications for the longevity of UO(2) and the mobilization of U(VI) from these solids in remediated subsurface environments, waste disposal sites, and natural uranium ores. 相似文献