发动机排气歧管加工夹具的设计

论述了发动机排气歧管加工夹具的选用、分类与设计。对发动机排气歧管加工夹具进行了设计,介绍了设计流程及设计中的关键问题。     

基于全局响应面法的排气歧管流体分析优化设计

对某1.4L增压汽油发动机排气歧管进行了计算流体动力学(CFD)优化设计研究。首先采用基于有限元法的CFD求解器AcuSolve对初始排气歧管模型进行了流场分析,根据流场特征确定排气歧管外形需要重点优化设计的两个区域。然后对区域外形进行了模型参数化,创建了2个形状变量。最后调用全局响应面法以减小压降为目标进行排气歧管CFD优化,优化收敛后新设计排气歧管压降减小4.35%。研究方法对于排气歧管CFD优化设计具有一定的工程应用价值。     

某型发动机排气歧管内流场仿真分析

为提高发动机排气性能,探究某型发动机排气歧管内流道结构的合理性,首先根据发动机参数建立排气歧管三维模型,借助CFD软件对排气歧管进行内流场分析。结果表明,当某一进气口进气时,会在相邻或间隔的进气管道内产生涡流,且出气口管道横截面上速度分布差值较大。当排气频率增加时,各歧管内的废气将相互影响,导致废气不能及时排出,影响发动机性能。     

基于CAE仿真的某发动机排气歧管设计研究

以某款增压型汽油发动机的排气歧管为研究对象,运用CAE仿真软件搭建发动机仿真分析模型,比较不同排气歧管方案下的发动机性能,给出最有利于发动机性能的排气歧管连接方式和结构尺寸。文中的研究可指导发动机排气歧管设计阶段的正向开发工作,并为后期优化改善工作提供了一定的思路和方法。     

汽车发动机排气歧管发展研究

汽车发动机中有一个关键的组成部分,就是排气歧管。随着可持续发展的理念越来越深入人心,节能环保的意识越来越成为时代主流,排气歧管的发展也面临着新的挑战。本文对目前国内外排气歧管的发展现状进行了综合分析,对国外先进经验进行了学习和探究,寻找到了排气歧管未来新的发展方向,同时,通过对耐高温不锈钢的充分应用,开发了一系列新型高端耐热性能,希望能够在未来的生产制造中帮助提升排气歧管的制造工艺性和精确性。     

发动机排气歧管模态分析

振动疲劳能够引起排气歧管的失效,发动机和车身的激励频率与排气歧管的固有频率相近,会产生共振,这种共振会增大排气歧管的振动幅度,导致其加速断裂破坏;模态分析作为研究结构振动特性的常用手段,其分析的核心内容就是确定固有频率、阻尼比及振型等模态参数;本文针对排气歧管进行模态分析的目的是为了获得排气歧管的固有频率,进而能够确定引起疲劳破坏的最大激励频率,避免发动机排气歧管共振情况的发生。     

某发动机排气歧管热应力仿真与分析

运用GT-POWER、STAR-CCM+与ABAQUS软件,采用流固耦合的分析方法,对某发动机排气歧管进行温度场与热应力场分析,并针对分析结果进行若干优化改进。首先利用GT-POWER仿真得到流体计算中所需的入口条件,再利用STAR-CCM+软件对排气歧管进行流体分析,并将得到的排气歧管壁面温度以及对流换热系数映射到ABAQUS的固体网格上得到温度场,通过ABAQUS进行热应力以及热变形分析,得出排气歧管开裂是热应力过高所致。据此对排气歧管进行若干结构改进,经对比确定方案3可有效减小排气歧管热应力,说明该方案是解决排气歧管开裂问题的有效方法。     

某小型发动机性能优化

发动机的输出性能直接影响到整车性能。通过优化设计发动机的压缩比、进气歧管、排气歧管,提高发动机中低速区域内的动力性和燃油经济性,进而提高整车性能。     

增压发动机排气歧管开裂问题分析与解决措施

某四缸增压直喷发动机在整机台架试验过程中出现排气歧管开裂问题。为解决此问题,首先,现场确认失效排气歧管的开裂程度及位置。其次,进行失效分析,对失效样件进行断口分析、断口周边元素检测,初步确认排气歧管开裂原因。再次,通过计算机仿真分析对排气歧管开裂真因进一步确定,并制定整改对策。最后,样件整改并策划试验进行验证。结果表明:排气歧管开裂位置为热应力分布最大的区域,长期冷热冲击致使排气歧管在此位置表现为开裂失效。因此,通过排气歧管结构优化,降低开裂位置的热应力,并通过发动机可靠性试验验证确认整改方案有效,此问题最终得以解决。     

适用国六RDE排放的水冷排气歧管开发

开发了一款适用于国六RDE排放法规的水冷排气歧管,并通过热气台架、发动机台架测试验证了水冷排气歧管的冷却性能及其对发动机性能的贡献。水冷排气歧管可以替代传统燃油加浓措施,降低发动机整个工况排气温度,扩大发动机在过量空气系数边界下的运行区域,提升发动机不加浓工况功率。     

4105增压柴油机排气系统模拟分析

排气系统是柴油机重要部件之一,对柴油机的性能、噪声等方面有很大的影响。为了更高效的优化排气系统,采用GT-POWER软件建立了柴油机排气系统模型,并对4105柴油机排气系统进行模拟分析。研究了排气支管长度、管径,排气总管管径,排气歧管管径变化对发动机性能的影响。通过选取不同数值来比较柴油机的扭矩、功率和充气效率。最终确定排气支管管径、长度以及排气总管管径等参数。为4105柴油机排气系统的设计提供理论参考。     

GDI发动机排气系统性能优化分析

基于发动机模拟仿真软件GT-Power,建立四缸GDI发动机排气系统的仿真模型。通过改变排气道、排气总管、排气歧管等结构的长度、直径等参数并经软件计算,得出发动机在不同排气系统参数下的缸内压力、放热率、尾气排放以及燃油消耗率等,对比分析不同工况下排气系统的结构参数变化对GDI发动机性能的影响。结果表明:选择排气总管直径和长度分别为75、160 mm,排气歧管长度和直径分别为185、44 mm,排气道长度和直径分别为75、49 mm时,发动机的性能最佳。     

A numerical and experimental study on the optimal design for the intake system of the MPI spark ignition engines

A computer program has been developed to predict the engine performance characteristics through the analysis of the flow in the intake and exhaust systems and of the cylinder combustion phenomena for the MPI spark ignition engines. Using the program, a study for the optimal design of the intake system has been performed by varying the factors which can influence the volumetric efficiency, such as the volume of the plenum chamber, the length of the intake manifold and the pipe length between the surge tank and the plenum chamber. Experimental tests have also been carried out to obtain the transient pressure history in the intake manifold and the cylinder, and the variations of volumetric efficiency over the various engine speeds. The result of simulation has been compared with that of experimental test, and the optimal design data for the test engine could be found. The comparison of volumetric efficiency shows good agreement between the simulation and experiment.     

汽车排气歧管温度场的有限元分析

以一款2V发动机的排气歧管为研究对象,模拟排气歧管的工作环境,对其进行了稳态热场与热应力的仿真分析计算.通过分析,发现在排气歧管与发动机汽缸口相连的法兰处存在较大的热应力集中,这些位置就是在长时间使用后有可能发生热断裂的危险区域,因此,对这些位置采取增加加强筋的措施来提高许用应力,就能够取得良好的效果.     

基于实车状态的发动机均值模型研究

基于实车状态下发动机的测试运行参数,提出了一种改进发动机均值模型仿真精度的方法。首先基于五电机台架对实车搭载环境下的一款自然吸气发动机进行了性能测试,分别获得发动机水温、发动机转速、发动机缸内压力、进气道压力和温度、进气歧管压力和温度、燃油体积流量、发动机飞轮端扭矩、排气歧管压力和温度、排气歧管过量空气系数、三元催化后排气压力和温度等参数;然后运用Amesim/MATLAB软件联合仿真对发动机进行了基于实车搭载环境边界下的数值建模和模型标定。研究结果表明,标定后的发动机均值模型预测结果与实际测试结果最大差值可以控制在8%以内。     

汽油机排气歧管结构的优化及验证

分析某四缸汽油机排气歧管结构设计存在的缺陷并对其进行改进优化,采用数值模拟仿真软件分别对排气歧管改进前和改进后通道的各缸排气背压及歧管排气气流均匀性进行仿真,仿真结果表明改进后排气歧管结构能明显降低排气背压和各通道不均匀性。最后对原歧管和改进后歧管搭载的汽油机进行了台架对比试验,试验结果表明搭载改进后排气歧管的汽油机不仅提高了原机的外特性扭矩而且降低了燃油消耗,进一步验证了排气歧管结构改进优化的可行性。     

The measurement method solving the problems of engine output characteristics caused by change in atmospheric conditions on the principle of the theory of optimal temperature range of exhaust system

All high-performance engines are sensitive to changes in external atmospheric conditions, which are immediately reflected in changes in the engine output characteristics. At best only they effect decreasing of the maximum engine power. However, in a more difficult situation, there is the possibility of excessive detonation combustion process during certain changes in atmospheric conditions. The exhaust system temperature significantly affects the maximum output power and the combustion engine characteristics. With increasing temperature of combustion products in the exhaust system there is an overall reduction in maximum power and its transfer to a higher engine speed because of the length of an exhaust manifold is theoretically shorten. Therefore, to achieve the maximum values of output parameters, it is necessary to ensure an optimal temperature value of the combustion products in the exhaust system. This article also provides optimal temperature range of working temperature as well as it presents a theoretical analysis of the impact for atmospheric conditions in this interval. Based on theoretical results there has been developed a measuring method, which allows to regulate the input amount of the fuel mixture supplied to a cylinder during change in atmospheric conditions and its functionality was experimentally verified.     

某缸内直喷发动机进气歧管CFD模拟分析

进气歧管控制着发动机各缸的进气,尤其对于多缸发动机,进气控制对发动机各循环变动的影响非常大。对于四缸以下发动机的进气歧管采用稳态CFD分析完全满足优化设计要求,但对于四缸以上发动机需要采用瞬态CFD分析方法更为合适。进气歧管是发动机最关键进气系统部件之一,其核心功能是为发动机各缸提供充足均匀的混合气,是影响发动机动力性和经济性的关键因素;除此之外,电喷系统主要传感器和执行器均安装在进气歧管上,导致进气歧管结构复杂和高成本。计算机模拟可以降低开发成本,文中用三维CFD软件对某缸内直喷发动机进气歧管进行了稳态流动分析,通过CFD分析基本可以确定进气歧管结构要求,指导实际产品设计。     

排气歧管总成热应力分析及温度场试验验证

采用了流固耦合的方法分析排气歧管总成的温度场和热应力。首先计算排气歧管总成的稳态内流场,得到了耦合面的温度分布,以此为边界条件计算了排气歧管总成的温度场,同时采用试验验证了排气歧管总成温度场计算结果的准确性。再以计算出的温度场为依据进一步算出了排气歧管总成的热应力,结果表明热应力的集中处位于排气歧管入口位置,排气歧管总成结合处在实际工作中不会因为较大的热应力而造成开裂,这为发动机的开发提供了参考。     

Optical investigation of the fuel injector influence in a PFI spark ignition engine for two-wheel vehicles

This paper describes the results obtained in a port fuel injection spark-ignition (PFI SI) engine by optical diagnostics during the fuel injection and the combustion process. A research optical engine was equipped with the fuel injection system, the head and the exhaust device of a commercial 250 cc engine for scooters and small motorcycles. Two injectors were tested: standard 3-hole injector that equipped the real reference engine and a 12-hole injector. The intake manifold was modified to allow the visualization of the fuel injection using an endoscopic system coupled with CCD camera. Size and number of the fuel droplets were evaluated through an image processing procedure. The cycle resolved visualization and chemiluminescence allowed to follow the combustion process from the spark ignition to the exhaust phase. All the optical data were correlated with engine parameters and exhaust emissions. The effect of the fuel injector type on deposits formed by fuel accumulation and dripping on the intake valves steams and seats was investigated. In particular, the evolution of diffusion-controlled flames due to the fuel deposits burning was analyzed. These flames were principally located near the intake valves, and they persisted well after the normal combustion event. The consequences were the formation and emission of soot and unburned hydrocarbons. The multi-hole injector helped reducing wall wetting and deposit formation so that the emission characteristic can be improved. The use of 12-hole injector allowed a more homogeneous distribution for a lower time of fuel droplets in the intake manifold than the 3-hole injector. This study also investigated the detailed physical/chemical phenomena to figure out reasons for the improvement using optical measurements.