主动约束层阻尼圆柱壳动力学分析的新传递矩阵法

基于作者最近导出的被动约束层阻尼(PCLD)圆柱壳的一阶整合矩阵微分方程,结合压电材料本构关系和比例微分负增益反馈控制策略(PD),建立了一种求解主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)圆柱壳动力学问题的新传递矩阵方法。提出的ACLD圆柱壳的一阶矩阵微分方程,采用了简化的机电耦合模型。通过对ACLD圆柱壳自由振动及其在地震激励作用下的动力学响应分析,表明ACLD圆柱壳的阻尼特性和减振效果相对于PCLD圆柱壳具有明显优势,并且发现采用周向分块敷设ACLD,且施加与结构变形中的占优模态相匹配的控制电压分布方式对地震激励的抑制效果更好。     

约束层阻尼圆柱壳动力学分析

采用分布参数传递函数方法对约束层阻尼(CLD)圆柱壳进行了动力学分析。基于Donnell薄壳简化理论,利用Hamilton原理推导了CLD圆柱壳运动方程与边界条件。在进行了三角级数展开和Laplace变换后,引入状态向量,建立了系统的状态空间方程,并利用分布参数传递函数方法进行求解。在数值算例中得到了对边固支CLD圆柱壳的固有频率、损耗因子和频响曲线。计算结果表明该方法具有计算精度高、计算量小、便于考虑阻尼层粘弹性材料频变剪切模量等优点。     

局部约束阻尼柱壳振动分析及优化设计

针对圆柱壳振动特性,给出局部约束阻尼柱壳模型。基于弹性、粘弹性本构方程用能量法建立动力学方程,研究阻尼段结构参数变化对振动特性影响。建立以阻尼轴向与周向分段数、阻尼段轴向与周向间隙、阻尼层厚度为设计变量,前三阶模态最大损耗因子为目标函数,利用多目标遗传算法对两端简支柱壳进行优化分析。通过分析、比较优化前后结构模态固有频率变化、损耗因子变化及幅频响应表明,合理贴敷阻尼段能有效减少阻尼材料用量,且在不改变柱壳固有振动属性条件下能达到更好的减振效果。     

敷设主动约束层阻尼圆锥壳的控制特性分析

基于压电材料的本构关系和内力位移方程,考虑压电材料的正、逆压电效应,求出了压电约束层的动力学控制方程和电学控制方程。根据圆锥壳的几何特性,将变量沿周向进行傅里叶展开,可将上述方程转化为沿母线方向的一阶常微分方程的形式。结合黏弹层的法向平衡方程和位移连续性条件,由主动约束层和基壳的力学方程导出层合结构的动力学方程,并将该方程与压电约束层的电学方程联立,建立了敷设主动约束层圆锥壳的机电耦合模型。然后,借助精细积分技术和叠加原理,采用速度反馈控制策略,提出了一种分析此类结构的半解析、半数值方法,并采用该方法分析了反馈系数、反馈点的布置等参数对敷设主动约束层阻尼圆锥壳振动特性和控制特性的影响。     

环状分块覆盖ACLD圆柱壳振动分析的新矩阵方法

基于被动约束层阻尼(PCLD)圆柱层合壳振动分析的研究工作,进一步考虑主动约束层的压电效应,通过在其运动方程中直接施加压电控制力,导出了环状分块敷设主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)圆柱层合壳的整合一阶常微分矩阵方程,并采用新型齐次扩容精细积分法和叠加原理,建立了分析此类ACLD圆柱壳振动控制问题的一种高精度矩阵方法,进而还研究了轴对称自由振动情况下的阻尼特性以及在地面运动激励下的响应。通过数值计算发现,采用与结构响应中的占优模态成分相匹配的分布电压控制方式对振动的抑制效果更好,可称之为占优模态控制策略。     

主动约束层阻尼结构的一种新模型

提出一种主动约束层阻尼结构的新力学模型.该模型假定阻尼层既横向剪切变形又横向拉压变形,主动约束层和基层存在不同的横向位移.使用有限元法建立主动约束层阻尼梁的动力学方程,并针对典型算例进行数值计算.与传统模型比较发现:粘弹性层的横向拉压变形不但会影响系统的动态特性,而且会降低压电层的主动控制作用.研究表明,粘弹性层横向压缩变形不应忽略.     

考虑液体晃荡的部分充液圆柱壳受迫振动分析

充液圆柱壳结构广泛存在于在工程中,在外部激励作用下,圆柱壳会与流体产生耦合振动,且未充满的液面也会产生晃荡,这种耦合振动响应分析在工程中具有重要意义。提出了一种求解考虑内部液体小幅晃荡的弹性圆柱壳振动响应的半解析法。首先分别在壳体建立结构坐标系、在自由液面建立液体坐标系,各自用来描述结构及内部液体的运动。基于Flügge壳体理论建立了圆柱壳的运动控制方程。将液体视为无黏、不可压缩的理想流体,根据线性水波理论和液体自由表面运动边界条件,得出了内部液体的速度势函数。通过流固耦合界面的连续性条件,结合坐标变换推导得到流固耦合系统的运动控制方程。研究了壳体在径向点力激励下振动响应,并得出了对应的液面晃荡响应。和有限元法对比验证了方法的正确性,然后改变相关参数讨论了考虑内部液体晃荡的弹性圆柱壳振动响应特性。     

基于复阻尼理论的流固耦合地震时程响应研究

在粘滞阻尼系统的地震动力学方程基础上,建立了基于应力相关复阻尼理论的流固耦合地震动力学方程。根据复阻尼系统求解理论,利用Newmark-β积分法,编制了Rayleigh阻尼和复阻尼模型的流固耦合三维有限元程序。以深水薄壁钢管墩柱为例,计算了两种阻尼模型的流固耦合地震时程响应和复阻尼模型的损耗因子;对比分析了无水和有水两种工况下的动力响应,并研究了此两种阻尼模型地震响应的差异。研究表明,在加速度峰值为2m/s2的El-Centro波作用下,应力相关复阻尼方法计算的结构震动响应数值远大于传统的Rayleigh阻尼模型,考虑流固耦合效应时,结构的震动响应是不考虑此效应时的1.5～2倍多;损耗因子随着位移的增大而增大,并且考虑流固耦合效应时的损耗因子明显大于不考虑此效应的损耗因子值。     

薄壁圆柱壳在流体脉动激励下的振动特性分析

摘要：为深入研究薄壁圆柱壳在流体脉动激励下的运动特性,应用Donnell简化壳理论,考虑阻尼、结构非线性和附加质量的影响,建立了薄壁圆柱壳在流体脉动激励下的非线性振动方程。基于Galerkin方法将偏微分方程转化为方便求解的常微分方程,利用多尺度法求解了系统主共振的一次近似解,得到了系统稳态响应的转迁集与分岔图,并通过奇异性分析,得到了系统工作稳定性和可靠性的结构参数区域。对薄壁圆柱壳在流体作用下的振动特性进行了数值模拟和实验研究,考察了阻尼系数、脉动频率、液体深度等对系统动力学特性的影响。研究表明,考虑阻尼、结构非线性和附加质量的非线性振动方程更能体现薄壁圆柱壳在流体脉动激励下完整的动力学特性,同时系统中存在多种分岔行为。     

求解地面运动激励下的部分覆盖约束层阻尼贮液圆柱壳耦振的整合状态传递矩阵法

摘要：基于一般情况下的线弹性薄壳方程和势流理论,考虑被动约束层阻尼（PCLD）的剪切变形的能量耗散和液固耦合相互作用,文中首先导出了PCLD圆柱层合壳的整合一阶矩阵微分方程,该方程的状态向量的每个元素都有明确的物理意义,更方便用于层合壳体在各种边界支承条件的动力学问题的求解。然后通过将流体动压力写成含待求系数的解析形式,借助流固交接条件、新型齐次扩容精细积分法和叠加原理,建立了一种分析该类结构耦振问题的高效率、高精度的半解析半数值方法。通过与无水、两端简支的全覆盖PCLD圆柱壳在轴对称情况下自由振动的解析解结果比较,验证了本文方法的有效性。最后基于文中提出的方法,研究了部分覆盖PCLD贮液圆柱容器在地面运动激励下的动力响应,研究了PCLD厚度、长度、敷设位置以及粘弹芯的复剪切模量模型对减振效果的影响。     

A Three-Dimensional Asymptotic Theory of Laminated Piezoelectric Shells

An asymptotic theory of doubly curved laminated piezoelectric shells is developed on the basis of three-dimensional (3D) linear piezoelectricity. The twenty-two basic equations of 3D piezoelectricity are firstly reduced to eight differential equations in terms of eight primary variables of elastic and electric fields. By means of nondimensionalization, asymptotic expansion and successive integration, we can obtain recurrent sets of governing equations for various order problems. The two-dimensional equations in the classical laminated piezoelectric shell theory (CST) are derived as a first-order approximation to the 3D piezoelectricity. Higher-order corrections as well as the first-order solution can be determined by treating the CST equations at multiple levels in a systematic and consistent way. Several benchmark solutions for various piezoelectric laminates are given to demonstrate the performance of the theory.     

A circular cylindrical, radially polarized ceramic shell piezoelectric transformer

We propose a circular cylindrical shell piezoelectric transformer of radially polarized ceramics operating in thickness-stretch modes. Two theoretical analyses involving different approximations are performed on the proposed transformer using the 3-D equations of linear piezoelectricity. The transforming ratio, input admittance, and efficiency of the transformer are calculated and compared with those of a previously analyzed circular cylindrical shell transformer of axially polarized ceramics operating in shear modes.     

Plane harmonic waves in an infinite piezoelectric plate with dissipation

In a previous paper, the three-dimensional equations of linear piezoelectricity with quasielectrostatic approximation were extended to include losses attributed to the mechanical damping in solid and the resistance in current conduction. These equations were used to investigate the plane wave propagation in an unbounded solid and forced thickness vibration of an infinite piezoelectric plate. In the present paper, these equations are used to obtain solutions of plane harmonic wave of arbitrary direction in an infinite and dissipative piezoelectric plate with general crystal symmetry. Dispersion curves are computed and plotted for real frequencies and complex wave numbers. All frequency branches are complex for dissipative plate. There are no longer any pure real or pure imaginary or complex conjugate frequency branches as those existing for nondissipative plates. Effects of dissipation on the wave propagation are examined in detail for AT-cut of quartz as well as barium titanate ceramic plate.     

Homogenization of very rough interfaces separating two piezoelectric solids

The main aim of this paper is to derive homogenized equations in explicit form of the linear piezoelectricity in two-dimensional domains separated by an interface which highly oscillates between two parallel straight lines. First, the basic equations of the linear theory of piezoelectricity are written down in matrix form. Then, following the techniques presented recently by these authors, the explicit homogenized equation and the associate continuity condition, for generally anisotropic piezoelectric materials, are derived. They are then written down in component form for some specific cases. Since the obtained equations are totally explicit, they are significant in practical applications.     

弹性介质中充液圆柱壳的轴对称振动分析

从理论上分析了各向同性弹性介质中有限长充液圆柱壳的自由振动特性。利用经典FLUGGE壳体运动方程,结合弹性动力学方程,得到了弹性介质中充液圆柱壳耦合系统的特征方程。利用数值方法得到了弹性介质中圆柱壳中空和充液时的实固有频率。计算结果表明弹性介质中圆柱壳的实固有频率比真空中圆柱壳的实固有频率高,而且存在截止轴向模态。弹性介质刚度不仅对充液圆柱壳的实固有频率影响显著,而且影响其截止轴向模态。     

An asymptotic theory for dynamic response of laminated piezoelectric shells

Summary A three-dimensional (3D) asymptotic theory for dynamic analysis of doubly curved laminated piezoelectric shells is formulated on the basis of 3D piezoelectricity. By using the direct elimination, we reduce the twenty-two basic equations of 3D piezoelectricity to eight differential equations in terms of eight primary variables of elastic and electric fields. In the formulation, multiple time scales are introduced to eliminate the secular terms so that the asymptotic expansion is uniform and feasible. By means of nondimensionalization, asymptotic expansion and successive integration, we finally can obtain recurrent sets of governing equations for various order problems. The classical laminated piezoelectric shell theory (CST) is derived as a first-order approximation to the 3D piezoelectricity. Higher-order corrections can be determined by considering the solvability and orthonormality conditions in a systematic and consistent way. Several benchmark solutions for various piezoelectric laminates are given to demonstrate the performance of the theory.     

Piezoelectric transformer structural modeling--a review

A review on piezoelectric transformer structural modeling is presented. The operating principle and the basic behavior of piezoelectric transformers as governed by the linear theory of piezoelectricity are shown by a simple, theoretical analysis on a Rosen transformer based on extensional modes of a nonhomogeneous ceramic rod. Various transformers are classified according to their structural shapes, operating modes, and voltage transforming capability. Theoretical and numerical modeling results from the theory of piezoelectricity are reviewed. More advances modeling on thermal and nonlinear effects also are discussed. The article contains 167 references.     

Singular stress and electric fields of a piezoelectric ceramic strip with a finite crack under longitudinal shear

Summary Following the theory of linear piezoelectricity, we consider the problem of determining the singular stress and electric fields in an orthotropic piezoelectric ceramic strip containing a Griffith crack under longitudinal shear. The crack is situated symmetrically and oriented in a direction parallel to the edges of the strip. Fourier transforms are used to reduce the problem to the solution of a pair of dual integral equations. The solution of the dual integral equations is then expressed in terms of a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Numerical values on the stress intensity factor and the energy release rate for piezoelectric ceramics are obtained, and the results are graphed to display the influence of the electric field.     

Scattering of antiplane shear waves by a finite crack in piezoelectric laminates

Summary Following the dynamic theory of linear piezoelectricity, we consider the scattering of horizontally polarized shear waves by a finite crack in a composite laminate containing a piezoelectric layer. The piezoelectric layer is bonded between two half-spaces of a different elastic solid. The crack is normal to the interfaces and is placed at an equal distance away from them. Both cases of a partially broken layer and a completely broken layer are studied. Fourier transforms are used to reduce the problem to the solution of a pair of dual integral equations. The solution of the dual integral equations is then expressed in terms of a singular integral equation. The propagation of symmetric first mode is studied numerically, and the dynamic stress intensity factor and the dynamic energy release rate are obtained for some piezoelectric laminates.     

Cylindrical bending vibration of functionally graded piezoelectric shells using the method of perturbation

Based on the three-dimensional (3D) piezoelectricity, two asymptotic formulations for the cylindrical bending vibration of simply supported, functionally graded (FG) piezoelectric cylindrical shells with open-circuit and closed-circuit surface conditions are presented. The normal electric displacement and electric potential are prescribed to be zero on the lateral surfaces. In the present asymptotic formulations the material properties are regarded to be heterogeneous through the thickness coordinate. Afterwards, they are further specified to be constant in single-layer shells, to be layerwise constant in multilayered shells and to obey an identical exponent-law distribution in FG shells. The method of multiple time scales is used to eliminate the secular terms arising from the regular asymptotic expansion. The orthonormality and solvability conditions for various orders are derived. The recursive property among the motion equations of various order problems is shown. The present asymptotic formulations are applied to several illustrative examples. The accuracy and the rate of convergence of the present asymptotic solutions are evaluated. The coupled electro–elastic effect and the influence of the material-property gradient index on the free-vibration behavior of FG piezoelectric shells are studied.