铁电晶体铌酸钾锂的拉曼和FT—IR光谱

用提拉法生长了完整透明的铁电铌酸钾锂晶体 .利用X 射线荧光光谱法测量分析了晶体的组成 .采用X 射线测量了晶体的结构 .用结构完整、组分均匀 ,尺寸为 6× 6× 7(a×b×c)mm3 的晶体样品 ,测量了晶体的拉曼光谱和红外折射光谱 .与其它钨青铜类晶体的晶格振动光谱进行比较 ,铌酸钾锂晶体中对称弯曲振动模式v5在拉曼光谱中分裂为 3个拉曼峰 ,反对称伸缩振动模式v3 和反对称弯曲振动模式v4在红外反射光谱中所对应的峰被加宽 ,v4被轻微分裂 .这表明晶体中这位于C格位的Li离子对晶体中铌氧八面体的拉曼光谱和红外反射光谱有较大的影响     

铁电晶体铌酸钾锂的倍频性能研究

用cw-Ti:sapphire激光对不同组成的熔体中生长得到的铌酸钾锂晶体进行了倍频性能研究。实验结果表明,只有当晶体中Li离子含量达到一定值时,铌酸钾锂晶体才具有非线性光学效应;晶体中Li离子含量越高,倍频性能越好,Li2O浓度为26mol％的熔体中生长得到的铌酸钾锂晶体的倍频实验的结果表明,该晶体能对820－960nm的近红外cw-Ti:sapphire激光倍频实现蓝绿光输出,具有较好的倍频性能。     

光折变晶体全息存储中散射噪声特性的研究

采用信噪比损失系数 (LSNR)深入研究了光折变铌酸锂晶体中散射噪声对全息输入图像像质的影响。对不同掺杂物质、不同掺杂浓度、不同处理方法以及不同记录方式的大量晶体进行了实验研究 ,并重点考察了物光束引起的散射噪声的特性。实验结果表明 ,氧化态晶体的散射噪声的影响小于生长态和还原态晶体 ,反射光路较之透射光路和邻面入射 ( 90°)光路更不易受散射噪音影响     

掺铁铌酸锂晶体中光损伤的暗衰减效应

为了研究铌酸锂晶体中的光损伤,着重对掺铁铌酸锂晶体中光损伤的暗衰减效应进行研究,发现在薄样品中光损伤的暗衰减时间远大于在厚样品中的暗衰减时间,利用红外吸收光谱和喇曼光谱对这个现象的潜在机理进行了初步分析,综合几个实验结果发现,晶体厚度对光损伤的暗衰减是一个重要的影响因素.     

非线性光学铌酸钾锂晶体中组分离子的分布

研究了用电阻加热引上法生长的铌酸钾锂晶体中组分离子的分布及其对晶体折射率和倍频性能的影响。     

A Method of Calibration of Terahertz Wave Brightness Under Nonlinear-Optical Detection

A new method is proposed for calibration of the terahertz wave spectral brightness. The method is based on the use of quantum and thermal field fluctuations as intrinsic references under nonlinear-optical detection. Both effective brightness of the thermal fluctuations and temperature of the laser-pumped nonlinear-optical crystal can be measured absolutely within the calibration procedure also. It is shown that the accuracy of the terahertz wave brightness calibration is strongly dependent on the value of the terahertz wave losses in the nonlinear-optical crystal. The scheme of quasi-phase matched terahertz wave detection in periodically poled lithium niobate is considered. Dispersion of the absorption coefficient in the terahertz frequency range is measured by a three-frequency interference method under spontaneous parametric down-conversion for nominally pure and Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals. The influence of the terahertz radiation losses in Mg-doped lithium niobate crystals is estimated.     

LiNbO_3:Fe,M(M=Mg~(2 ),Zn~(2 ),In~(3 ),Sc~(3 ))晶体中的信号光与噪声光的竞争

分析了掺杂铌酸锂晶体的扇形噪声光的形成机制,讨论了信号光与扇形噪声光之间的光放大竞争问题．结果显示：由于信号光与扇形噪声之间光放大竞争,对于信号光的放大而言,存在一个最佳的光生伏特场,因而存在一个最佳入射泵浦光光强,使得信号光具有最大的放大倍数,同时噪声很弱．     

Deformation Anisotropy of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Y</Emphasis> + 128°-Cut Single Crystalline Bidomain Wafers of Lithium Niobate

Bidomain single crystals of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃) are promising materials for use as actuators, mechanoelectrical transducers, and sensors capable of working in a wide temperature range. One need to take into account the anisotropy of the properties of the crystalline material when such devices are designed. In this study we investigated deformations of bidomain round shaped Y + 128°-cut wafers of lithium niobate in an external electric field. The dependences of the piezoelectric coefficients on the rotation angles were calculated for lithium niobate and lithium tantalate and plotted for the crystal cuts which are used for the formation of a bidomain ferroelectric structure. In the experiment, we utilized an external heating method and long-time annealing with the lithium out-diffusion method in order to create round bidomain lithium niobate wafers. Optical microscopy was used to obtain the dependences of the bidomain crystals’ movements on the rotation angle with central fastening and the application of an external electric field. We also modelled the shape of the deformed bidomain wafer with the suggestion that the edge movement depends on the radial distance to the fastening point quadratically. In conclusion, we revealed that the bidomain Y + 128°-cut lithium niobate wafer exhibits a saddle-like deformation when a DC electric field is applied.     

双波长全息存储中的扇形噪音抑制

分析了普通配置下双波长存储中,不同波长偏离对扇形噪音读出的影响,并从实验上研究了掺铁铌酸锂晶体的最佳读出配置,为能使民存图像完整再现,使用了一个柱面镜来调整读出光的波前,在双掺铌酸锂晶体中实现了整幅图像高信噪比再现,达到了预期效果。     

铌酸锂量子器件研究进展

量子信息科技的进步, 在很大程度上依赖于传统材料的成熟与发展。近年来, 铌酸锂成为量子器件的重要基础材料, 在量子科技领域具有巨大的应用潜力。梳理了基于铌酸锂材料制备的量子光源、量子中继器件、单光子探测器件等各类铌酸锂量子器件的技术进展, 总结了它们的优缺点并展望了其未来主要的发展趋势, 对基于铌酸锂材料制备的量子器件在量子信息科技的实用化具有很好的指导作用。     

LiNbO3电光调制器的优化设计与制作

铌酸锂晶体有良好的光声和电光性质,因而基于铌酸锂的集成光学器件已引起人们广泛关注。利用LiNbO3作为介质材料,设计M-Z干涉型强度调制器。选用低损耗的质子交换光工艺技术制备光波导。对质子交换铌酸锂光波导的制作工艺、波导特性及其应用进行了研究。对电极结构进行了优化设计。     

Operation of a lithium niobate electrooptic Q switch at 1.06 µ

The performance of an electroopticQswitch using lithium niobate as the electrooptic material is described and compared with that of a conventional device using potassium di-deuterium phosphate.     

Features of propagation of surface acoustic waves in two-dimensional phononic crystals on the surface of a lithium niobate crystal

Two-dimensional phononic crystals are fabricated on the surface of a lithium niobate crystal. A numerical method is developed for calculating the frequency dependences of the transmission and reflection coefficients of a surface acoustic wave for a rectangular region with two-dimensional periodic structure on the surface of an elastic body. Measurements of the frequency dependences of the reflection and transmission coefficients are performed for propagation in the part of the lithium niobate crystal surface on which two-dimensional phononic crystals were fabricated. Forbidden zones are found in the transmission spectra of the waves transmitted through phononic crystals. It is shown that, if the width of the incident wave beam is less than the width of the region with the two-dimensional periodic structure (the two-dimensional phononic crystal), then a resonant increase in the transmission coefficient arises near the center of the rejection band.     

电光晶体用于快速变焦的设计

在利用晶体的电光效应实现快速变焦时,需要合理地设计电光晶体及电极结构。基于晶体电光效应的基本原理,提出了其设计的基本原则和思路,并通过对一次电光晶体(铌酸锂晶体)和二次电光晶体(钽铌酸钾晶体)内部非均匀电场及其总附加光程的模拟和比较,获得了优化的电光晶体及电极设计结果。在此基础上,开展了电光晶体用于快速变焦设计的性能分析,并讨论了电光晶体长度、外加电压等参数对总附加光程的影响。结果表明:电光晶体的附加光程调制的曲率半径随控制电压增大而减小,在加载电压不变的情况下随晶体厚度的增大而增大。因此,在实际应用中,需要对晶体厚度和加载电压综合进行考虑,以获得最佳的变焦效果。     

Distributed PMD Compensator in Lithium–Niobate–Tantalate: Performance Modeling Toward Highest Bit Rates

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is caused by noncircular fiber cores and poses a serious threat for transmitting 10-Gb/s optical signals over older fibers and 40-Gb/s optical signals over any type of fiber. We study the architecture of a PMD compensator (PMDC) capable of 40-Gb/s operation in X-cut Y-propagation lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) based on cascaded integrated optical TE-TM mode converters with endlessly adjustable coupling phases and propose several improvements in its architecture to tailor its performance toward highest bit rates. The performance of such distributed PMDCs can be pushed toward highest bit rates of 160 and 640 Gb/s if they are implemented in mixed ferroelectric crystals such as lithium niobate tantalate (LiNb_1-y/Ta_y/O₃) or lithium tantalate (LiTaO₃) crystals, respectively. A tantalum (Ta) content y of up to 0.5 is good to realize a distributed PMDC for about 160-Gb/s operation. Two- and three-phase TE-TM mode converters for integrated optical PMD compensation are compared, and the latter are found to have slightly better electrooptic efficiency. For Z-cut lithium tantalate, four-phase electrodes which need only two independent operation voltages are found to be more attractive.     

Optical properties of lithium-rich lithium niobate fabricated byvapor transport equilibration

Lithium-rich lithium niobate of excellent optical homogeneity can be fabricated by a vapor transport equilibration (VTE) technique. The high-optical-quality, uniformly birefringent crystals noncritically phase match for second-harmonic generation of 532-nm radiation from 1064-nm Nd:YAG radiation at 238°C. The refractive indexes and their temperature dependence have been measured and used to derive temperature-dependent Sellmeier equations, which predict noncritical phase matching for wavelengths as short as 976 nm to generate blue at 488 nm at room temperature. The Sellmeier equations accurately predict experimental phase-matching temperatures over a wide temperature range     

基于PPLN晶体的飞秒OPA中的非共线位相和群速度匹配

研究了基于二阶极化率周期性反转铌酸锂 (PPLN)晶体的飞秒光参量放大器 (OPA)中的非共线位相和群速度匹配 ,由于其具有准位相匹配结构 ,非共线匹配方式不同于以BBO为代表的传统晶体。分别讨论了非临界位相匹配PPLN和倾斜PPLN两种情况下的匹配过程     

铟掺入对铌镁酸铅钛酸铅单晶声表面波的影响

近十几年,新型弛豫铁电单晶铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅受到广泛关注。但温度稳定性稍差限制了其应用范围。为了进一步改善铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅单晶的声表面波性能,文章利用部分波法研究了铟元素掺入对铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅晶体声表面波性能的影响。结果表明,铟的掺入在提高晶体稳定性的同时,部分减低了晶体的声表面波机电耦合系数,略提高了晶体的声表面波相速度,减小了能流角。综合来看,其机电耦合系数仍明显高于传统压电材料,而声表面波相速度则明显低于传统压电材料。这有利于增加声表面波器件的带宽并减小器件尺寸。因此铌铟酸铅-铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅单晶具有较优异的声表面波性能和较好的温度稳定性。     

Efficient octave-bandwidth microwave light modulators

The use of wide-bandwidth interdigital microwave circuits to provide electrooptic modulation of light is discussed. Two models employing lithium niobate crystals of different aspect ratios have been constructed and tested. Both have nominal bandwidth from 1.0 to 2.0 GHz but actually give somewhat greater modulation bandwidth. Single-pass modulation tests made using 6328-Å light at RF drive power level of 5 watts show that 30 percent modulation depth over a 1.5-GHz frequency band is obtained for one model while approximately 50 percent modulation depth over a 1.1-GHz band is obtained for the other. These results show excellent agreement with analytical predictions. Measurement techniques are also discussed.     

LiNbO3 optical waveguides formed in a new proton source

Proton-exchanged planar waveguides have been fabricated on Z-cut and X-cut lithium niobate crystals by using a new proton source formed by a mixture of benzoic and adipic acids. Waveguide index profiles and optical characteristics have been obtained at different values of the adipic-benzoic acid concentration ratio. The samples have been structurally characterized by Raman and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy and double-crystal X-ray diffraction. Good quality samples have been fabricated by using 30 mol% ratio dilution, showing very low scattering levels (<0.1 dB/cm), relatively high electrooptic coefficient (r₃₃=0.88 pm/V), and low relative percentage of interstitial protons (26%). The main factor limiting the waveguide optical properties is the substitutional-interstitial proton ratio, which can be easily controlled to produce good quality waveguides. A demonstration of the repeatability of the exchange process in the acid mixture is also provided