考虑徐变非线性的钢管混凝土柱徐变稳定承载力计算方法

对高持荷荷载作用后钢管混凝土柱稳定性能进行了数值分析,同时结合初弯曲构件稳定理论和Perry公式,通过理论推导提出了钢管混凝土柱徐变后稳定承载力计算公式。为深入研究构件徐变稳定性能,将钢管混凝土非线性徐变模型以及考虑约束作用和材料非线性的应力-应变关系引入ABAQUS,建立了钢管混凝土柱有限元分析模型;在验证了有限元模型可靠性的基础上,通过参数分析研究了长细比、含钢率、长期荷载等级、混凝土强度以及钢材屈服强度对构件徐变稳定承载力的影响;并将理论推导所得构件徐变稳定承载力计算公式与有限元分析结果进行了对比。结果表明:时效作用对钢管混凝土柱稳定性能的影响不容忽视,可使构件稳定承载力降低15.5%;影响构件徐变稳定承载力的主要参数包括长细比、长期荷载等级、含钢率,其中混凝土强度及钢材屈服强度的影响较小;所提公式计算结果与有限元分析结果吻合良好,最大差值不超过10%,公式计算结果与有限元分析结果比值的均值为1.01,标准差为0.035,变异系数为3.4%。     

钢管混凝土研究与应用中的若干关键问题

在钢管中填充混凝土形成钢管混凝土组合构件,受力过程中,混凝土可以有效地避免或延缓钢管发生局部屈曲,使构件的承载力和延性大为提高,从而使钢管混凝土和钢结构及混凝土结构相比具有一系列优点。组成钢管混凝土的钢管及其核心混凝土之间的相互作用是研究该类结构的关键。本文简要地回顾了钢管混凝土力学性能研究现状,论述了钢管及其混凝土之间的组合作用问题。最后,对需要进一步开展的研究工作,例如钢管混凝土施工力学、混凝土质量控制、钢材残余应力的影响、徐变和疲劳等若干问题进行了探讨。     

钢管混凝土轴心受压构件徐变分析

在对钢管混凝土轴心受压构件的轴压力学特性和核心混凝土徐变分析的基础上,从变形协调条件出发,通过引入混凝土换算弹性模量,推导了钢管混凝土轴压构件应力重分布计算方法。此方法较好地考虑了钢管混凝土构件徐变因素(含钢率、应力级别、材料等级)的影响,并分析研究了不同影响因素条件下钢管混凝土结构的徐变特性。针对钢管混凝土受力特点,研究表明,运用该方法计算在轴心受压状态下徐变所引起的钢管混凝土截面应力重分布是合理的。     

水平放置后浇钢管混凝土轴向受压性能的分析

通过非线性有限元法,分析了施工过程中采用钢管横置混凝土后浇工艺的钢管混凝土受压构件,由于施工过程中混凝土的自重在钢管中产生的初应力对其力学性能的影响。首先利用文献提供的试验数据验证了在有限元计算方法中参数选择的合理性,并着重对比了考虑浇筑过程与否对钢管混凝土轴向受压构件极限承载力的影响。     

某超高层建筑施工监测与分析

由于荷载的增加和混凝土的收缩徐变,超高层建筑在施工过程中会产生附加内力和变形,有必要对结构展开施工监测。通过对某超高层建筑开展为期680d的施工监测,研究施工过程中钢管混凝土柱与钢筋混凝土剪力墙的应变发展规律;同时,利用有限元方法分析了主体结构封顶后竖向变形的分布特点与成因。研究表明,随着时间的增加,同一楼层的钢管混凝土柱竖向应变增量明显大于剪力墙,但各构件的应变增量处于可控范围内;由混凝土徐变引起的钢管混凝土柱和钢筋混凝土剪力墙的竖向变形最多分别可达总变形的29.9%和33.5%,徐变引起的结构变形应予以充分重视。     

人民日报社报刊综合业务楼施工模拟分析

人民日报社报刊综合业务楼是一体型复杂的高层钢结构建筑,采用钢框架加屈曲约束支撑的结构形式。结构部分关键的竖向构件呈弧形外凸,二阶效应明显,且在竖向荷载作用下即表现出较大的水平和竖向变形;主要抗侧力构件约束屈曲支撑的施工安装顺序对其自身及边缘框架构件的性能也有较大影响;外框柱采用钢管混凝土柱,混凝土徐变对其极限承载力也有削弱。采用施工过程模拟分析技术,揭示了结构在真实施工过程中的变形和受力过程。通过屈曲约束支撑多种安装顺序的分析对比,找出屈曲约束支撑的最佳安装方案,钢管混凝土柱考虑徐变后的强度储备也得到验证。     

超高层结构考虑钢管混凝土柱收缩徐变影响的施工模拟分析

在超高层结构施工过程中,材料的时变特性和其他荷载等因素是导致竖向构件变形差异的主要原因。以南宁华润中心东写字楼超高层项目为工程背景,运用MIDAS Gen软件对项目进行施工模拟分析。由于钢管混凝土柱中混凝土处于密封状态,从而收缩徐变受到抑制,计算时考虑组合材料的收缩徐变得不到合理的结果。考虑钢管混凝土柱中混凝土的收缩徐变,利用双单元法对钢管混凝土柱进行施工模拟分析,并和换算截面法考虑收缩徐变和换算截面法不考虑收缩徐变分析的结果进行对比,分析三个模型的合理性,进而为钢管混凝土结构施工模拟分析提供参考。     

基于微平面模型的钢管混凝土柱承载力有限元模拟

钢管混凝土是在钢管中填充混凝土而形成的一种组合结构材料,该结构中的钢管与混凝土协同工作,优势互补,大幅提高了其极限承载能力,极大改善了构件的延性和塑性性能,故广泛应用于高层建筑、桥梁和地下空间等结构工程领域.在钢管混凝土的有限元模拟中,混凝土的材料模型极大地影响了构件承载力的计算和分析结果.尝试采用混凝土微平面本构模型,运用通用有限元分析软件,编写了混凝土微平面模型的用户材料子程序,分析钢管混凝土构件的受压承载力性能,并在已有试验的基础上进行了比较和分析.     

复式薄壁方钢管混凝土构件受弯性能研究

通过复式薄壁方钢管混凝土构件受弯性能的试验研究,分析了内置圆形截面空钢管和钢管高强混凝土对薄壁方钢管混凝土构件纯弯段受弯性能的影响。试验表明：内置圆形截面空钢管和钢管高强混凝土可有效提高构件的受弯承载力,内置钢管高强混凝土的提高效果更显著;薄壁方钢管混凝土的受弯承载力和抗弯刚度明显较对比空钢管的高;试验过程中未出现钢管角部破坏的情况。对复式薄壁方钢管混凝土纯弯构件受力性能进行有限元分析,分析结果和试验结果吻合较好,外管的约束作用有效提高了夹层混凝土转角处混凝土的抗压强度。有限元参数分析结果表明,构件的受弯承载力和抗弯刚度随着夹层混凝土强度和径宽比的增大而增大,但随着径厚比的增大而减小;同时构件的受弯承载力随着钢管强度的增大而增大。建议了复式实心薄壁方钢管混凝土构件和复式空心薄壁方钢管混凝土构件受弯承载力的简化计算模型,其计算结果精度较高。     

施工期混凝土框架柱竖向变形研究

采用逐层建立结构有限元模型,按照不同混凝土构件在计算时刻的刚度组集结构总刚,将混凝土收缩和徐变效应等效为构件节点力,分析研究了混凝土框架柱竖向变形,研究得出,施工过程、混凝土收缩徐变、不同施工周期均对混凝土框架柱的竖向变形有影响。     

钢管混凝土(叠合)柱在超高层建筑结构中的应用

钢管混凝土(叠合)柱由于具有承载力高、抗震性能好和施工较方便等优点,适用于我国非抗震和抗震地区的建筑结构,尤其是抗震设防地区的高层建筑结构。本文介绍了钢管混凝土(叠合)柱的相关研究成果以及典型工程实例,并提出了一些钢管混凝土(叠合)柱应用中还需要解决的关键问题。     

施工初应力作用下内配十字形型钢的圆钢管混凝土 轴压短柱力学性能分析

利用ABAQUS有限元软件分别建立考虑外钢管施工初应力和同时考虑钢管与型钢施工初应力的内配十字形型钢圆钢管混凝土轴压短柱数值模型,并对建模方法进行验证。计算施工初应力存在时内配型钢钢管混凝土轴压短柱的荷载-位移全过程曲线及其各部件的承载力分配曲线,并分析混凝土与钢管、混凝土与型钢的接触应力及应力发展状态。最后对初应力系数、构件长细比、钢管和型钢的含钢率、钢管和型钢的屈服强度以及混凝土的抗压强度等因素进行了参数分析。结果表明:考虑外钢管施工初应力对内配型钢钢管混凝土轴压构件力学性能的影响规律与其对钢管混凝土轴压构件力学性能的影响规律基本一致; 外钢管和型钢施工初应力的同时存在使混凝土与钢管、型钢的相互作用时间延迟,减弱钢管对混凝土的套箍作用和混凝土对型钢的局部约束,使组合构件提前进入弹塑性阶段并扩大此阶段的范围,导致组合柱极限承载力随着初应力值的增大逐渐减小; 构件长细比对轴压短柱的承载力影响系数有显著影响。     

钢管混凝土框架中的空钢管施工受力分析

基于文献[1]钢管混凝土结构施工安全性的研究思路,建立了多层钢管混凝土框架中的空钢管结构施工受力分析的有限元模型。以一12层钢管混凝土框架结构为例,分析框架结构中的空钢管在施工荷载作用下的受力特点,研究了钢管应力和变形的发展规律,在此基础上初步探讨了不同施工方案的影响。     

Concrete Filled Steel Tubes for Bridge Pier and Foundation Construction

Concrete filled steel tubes (CFSTs) are composite members that are commonly used in many countries today. CFST components are used in the United States, but they are more common in Asia, in part because the connections used in Asia are quite labor intensive and there are not standard connections in the U.S. In addition, US design specifications are prepared by separate groups for structural steel and reinforced concrete structures and so composite systems that use CFST components are not overseen by a single group and as such there are several conflicting design standards. In the US, steel tubes used for CFST are more slender (i.e., the diameter-to-thickness, D/t, ratio is larger) than some other countries, and labor practices (structural steel labor is different than reinforcing steel labor) also cause potential conflicts in construction. As a result, CFST has had some use in tall building construction in the US, but very limited use in bridge construction. A research program at the University of Washington has been in progress to address many of these issues with an eye towards universal design expressions, simpler, standardized connections and promotion of accelerated bridge construction (ABC). The research has resulted in recent changes to the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHTO) bridge design specification as well as state departments of transportation (DOTs), which supports the increased use of CFST in bridge piers and pile and drilled-shaft foundations. An experimental research study which included 19 CFST pier-to-footing (or pile-cap) connection tests and 8 CFST pier column-to-precast pier cap tests was performed. These connections provide good performance under both seismic and gravity loads and address the concerns of US construction. These connections, their design rules and requirements, and their impact on composite behavior and system performance are discussed. These results permit rapid and economical construction of CFST bridge piers, piles and drilled shaft foundations. They encourage the use of more slender and economical tubes, while achieving the benefits of composite construction.     

钢管混凝土结构施工阶段力学性能分析

钢管混凝土结构的空钢管是施工过程中的竖向支撑骨架 ,要承受相应的竖向施工荷载 ,在形成钢管混凝土结构之前 ,空钢管中具有一定的初始应力 ;在浇筑混凝土时 ,空钢管是模板 ,又要承受内部湿混凝土水平方向的静水压力。根据其施工特点 ,探讨了钢管混凝土结构两阶段设计的必要性和方法以及其施工阶段的设计及力学分析等相关问题 ,用有限单元法对钢管混凝土柱施工阶段的力学性能进行了分析 ,并对土木工程结构施工力学的研究思路进行了讨论。     

Behaviour of uni‐axially loaded concrete‐filled‐steel‐tube columns confined by external rings

Concrete‐filled‐steel‐tube (CFST) columns have been widely adopted for column construction of tall buildings due to its superior strength and ductility performance contributed by the composite action. However, this beneficial composite action cannot be fully developed at early elastic stage as steel dilates more than concrete and thereby causing imperfect interface bonding. Hence, it reduces the elastic strength and stiffness of the CFST columns. To resolve the problem, external confinement in the form of steel rings is proposed in this study to restrict the lateral dilation of concrete and steel at initial elastic stage. In this paper, CFST columns of various dimensions cast with normal‐strength or high‐strength concrete and installed with external steel rings were tested under uni‐axial compression. From the results, it was evident that (a) the external steel rings could restrict the lateral dilation of CFST columns and improve the interface bonding condition and (b) externally confined CFST columns had uni‐axial strength and stiffness larger than those of unconfined CFST columns. With the experimental results, an analytical model taking into account the confining effects of steel tube and rings has been developed to predict the uni‐axial strength of ring‐confined CFST columns. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋核心混凝土配合比设计

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋核心混凝土施工是继拱肋安装合拢后的关键工序,其施工质量直接关系到拱肋的强度和受力性能。本文通过合理设计拱肋核心混凝土配合比,保证了西洋坪大桥钢管混凝土的顺利压注和钢管混凝土的质量。     

Experimental Study and Confinement Analysis on RC Stub Columns Strengthened with Circular CFST Under Axial Load

As the excellent mechanical performance and easy construction of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) composite structure, it has the potential to be used to strengthen RC pier columns. Therefore, tests were conducted on 2 reinforcement concrete (RC) stub columns and 9 RC columns strengthened with circular CFST under axial loading. The test results show that the circular CFST strengthening method is effective since the mean bearing capacity of the RC columns is increased at least 3.69 times and the ductility index is significantly improved more than 30%. One of the reasons for enhancement is obvious confinement provided by steel tube besides the additional bearing capacity supplied by the strengthening materials. From the analysis of the enhancement ratio, the strengthening structure has at least an extra 20% amplification except for taking full advantage of the strength of the strengthening material. Through the analysis of confining stress provided by steel tube and the stress–strain relationship of confined concrete, it is found that the strength of the core concrete can be increased by 21–33% and the ultimate strain can be enhanced to beyond 15,000 με.     

钢管混凝土在桥梁工程中的应用与前景

钢管混凝土(CFST)具有承载力高、施工方便和抗震能力好等优良性能,在国内外桥梁工程中得到较为广泛的应用。全面地总结了钢管混凝土结构在梁式桥、拱桥、斜拉桥等多种桥型中的应用情况,并着重探讨了钢管混凝土桥墩的研究和应用现状。介绍了"部分钢管混凝土"桥墩的试验结果。探讨了钢管混凝土结构应用于桥梁工程中还有待解决的主要问题。最后对钢管混凝土在桥梁工程中的应用前景作了展望。     

High-strength steel-wire-mesh reinforced square concrete filled steel tubular columns: Concept and compressive behavior

Confinement from steel tube to concrete core is generally low in square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns compared with their circular counterparts. To improve it, a new confining measure based on high-strength steel wire meshes (SWMs) has been proposed in this study. Different from traditional measures usually confining the concrete core from outside of it, the SWM confines the concrete core from inside of it by utilizing interaction force between SWM and concrete. Axial compression test on short SWM reinforced CFST columns was conducted to examine the efficiency of SWM. The test results demonstrated that the compressive load-carrying capacity of the square CFST column could be improved by 21.7% with a steel wire ratio of 1.54%. Finite element analysis was carried out to investigate some mechanical behaviors that were not captured in the test. It was revealed that the strength of SWM can be fully utilized, provided the entire section of concrete is reinforced by SWM and the SWM is placed along the middle half-part of column. Based on the results of this study, the use of high-strength SWM is proved an effective measure to improve the compressive performance of square CFST columns.