结晶器磨损对连铸小方坯鼓肚变形及内裂纹形成的影响

应用连铸坯凝固传热与应力分析耦合数学模型,定量地描述了坯壳与结晶器壁间气隙的大小和分布,着重研究了器磨损对坯壳鼓肚变形和内裂纹形成的影响。结果表明：气隙首先形成于坯壳的角部区域,并且以顶角处的气隙厚度最大,逐渐向中心区扩展;当结晶器磨损严重时,坯壳偏角区成为热节区,在热节区内坯壳厚度最薄,同时在结晶器下半部产生鼓肚变形,这种变形起始于坯壳最薄弱的偏角热节约。在热节区附近的铸坯对角线凝固前沿前生的力学应变达到临界应变,使铸坯产生内裂纹。研究结果验证了严重的结晶器磨损是连铸坯产生鼓肚变形、偏角区内裂纹乃至漏钢事故的重要原因之一,也说明了铸坯偏角区内裂纹是起源于对角线的凝固前沿并向温度相对较高的两个薄弱环节－表层热节区和凝固前沿方向扩展。     

INFLUENCES OF CASTING SPEED AND SEN DEPTH ON FLUID FLOW IN THE FUNNEL TYPE MOLD OF A THIN SLAB CASTER

In recent years, thin slab continuous casting technology has been widely used to improve the quality of the product and to reduce the cost. One of the challenges faced by this technology is to design reasonable flow patterns, which strongly affect the surface and inner properties of the final slab in the mold. With the fixed scales and complex geometrical structures of nozzle and funnel type mold, a series of numerical simulations are made to analyze the flow patterns in melt steel using finite volume method based on structured body fitted coordinate grids. The CFD （computational fluid dynamics） package is validated first using one typical case described in previously published studies, and then it is developed to study the effect of operational parameters on fluid flow in thin slab caster. Two operational parameters, casting speed and SEN （submerged entry nozzle） depth, are mainly considered for numerical analysis. On the basis of present simulations, the reasonable SEN submergence depths corresponding to different casting speeds are suggested according to fluid flow characteristics like, flow jet impingement on the narrow side of the mold, flow speed of the melt steel beneath the meniscus and the recirculation region. This is the first stage of study on the numerical analysis of the whole thin slab casting process with electromagnetic brake.