基于MED和变分模态分解的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承早期微弱故障特征容易淹没于环境噪声中而难以提取的问题,提出了最小熵解卷积(MED)降噪和变分模态分解(VMD)相结合的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法。首先以峭度最大为准则利用MED对轴承振动信号进行降噪处理,然后采用新的高精度多分量信号分解方法——VMD将降噪信号分解为若干个分量,最后通过分析最大峭度分量包络谱中故障频率成分诊断轴承故障。轴承实验分析结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于VMD和MED的滚动轴承微弱故障特征提取

针对强噪声环境下滚动轴承故障特征信息非常微弱且难以提取的问题,提出基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)和最小熵解卷积(Minimum Entropy Deconvolution,MED)的滚动轴承微弱故障特征提取方法。基于VMD和MED的滚动轴承微弱故障特征提取方法首先采用VMD对滚动轴承故障信号进行分解,得到多个模态分量,由于噪声的干扰,很难从各个模态分量中提取有效的故障特征信息;然后根据相关系数准则,选取与原始信号相关系数较大的模态分量进行重构,再对重构后的信号进行MED降噪处理;最后对降噪处理后的信号进行Hilbert包络解调,从得出的包络谱中即可准确地提取到故障特征信息。轴承故障实验信号处理结果表明,该方法可以有效地降低噪声的影响,精确地提取滚动轴承微弱的故障特征信息。     

基于IEWT和MCKD的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

针对经验小波变换（Empirical wavelet transform,EWT）对强噪声环境中滚动轴承微弱故障诊断的不足,主要是傅里叶频谱分段不当的问题。提出一种基于最大相关峭度解卷积（Maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution,MCKD）降噪与改进EWT相结合的滚动轴承早期故障识别方法。首先采用最大相关峭度解卷积算法以包络谱的相关峭度最大化为目标对原信号进行降噪处理、检测信号中的周期性冲击成分,然后根据信号Fourier频谱的包络极大值进行分段,通过分析各频段平方包络谱中明显的频率成分来诊断故障。新方法能有效降噪、增强信号中周期性冲击特征、降低单次偶然冲击的影响、抑制非冲击成分。通过对含外圈、内圈故障的滚动轴承进行试验分析,结果表明,相比于快速谱峭度图和小波包络分析方法,该方法提取出的特征更加明显,能有效实现滚动轴承早期微弱故障的识别。     

基于1.5维Teager能量谱的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对强背景噪声下滚动轴承微弱故障信号特征难以提取的特点,提出了基于最小熵解卷积与1.5维Teager能量谱的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,首先利用最小熵解卷积(Minimum entropy deconvolution,MED)对强噪声下滚动轴承信号进行降噪处理,然后对降噪后的信号进行Teager能量算子解调,最后对解调后的信号进行1.5维谱分析。通过对内外圈故障的仿真信号及实验数据的处理分析,且与包络谱方法进行了对比,验证了该方法的有效性和准确性。     

基于MED-ITD和CICA的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承故障诊断在实际中受到噪声影响,故障难以识别的问题,提出了一种基于最小熵反褶积(MED)和固有时间尺度分解(ITD),并结合约束独立分量分析(CICA)的方法。首先,通过MED对轴承故障信号进行降噪,以滤除噪声信号,增强信号冲击成分;然后,通过ITD对降噪信号进行分解,选择合适的筛选分量进行重构;最后,采用CICA方法对重构信号进行盲源分离,通过希尔伯特包络谱进行分析提取出准确的故障信号,并经过试验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于小波相关滤波法的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法研究

目前基于小波分析的滚动轴承故障诊断方法研究已经很多,但是这些方法对于强噪声背景下的早期故障微弱信号特征提取效果并不理想。为此,提出了适用于强噪声背景的小波相关滤波滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法。该方法将小波相关滤波降噪方法和Hilbert包络细化谱分析相结合:对被测信号进行小波相关滤波降噪处理,对降噪处理后的高频段尺度域的小波系数进行Hilbert包络细化谱分析。该方法在滚动轴承的早期故障诊断中的试验结果表明,该方法与直接小波系数包络谱诊断方法相比,较大地增强了对滚动轴承早期故障诊断的能力,在强噪声背景下有效地提取出滚动轴承的早期故障频率。     

基于复合信号处理的滚动轴承早期微故障诊断研究

针对滚动轴承早期故障的微弱信号检测问题,将小波包、谱峭度和包络分析三者相结合,提出一种新的故障诊断方法,该方法首先通过小波包降噪提取原始含噪信号中的高频成分并提高信噪比,然后对降噪后的重构信号应用谱峭度理论来确定合适的带通滤波参数,最后对带通滤信号进行包络解调而得出故障特征频率信号,从而实现滚动轴承的早期微弱故障诊断。对基于小波包和谱峭度的故障诊断法在滚动轴承故障诊断中的应用进行了研究,实验结果表明该方法可以有效抑制背景噪声,提取有用故障信息,为滚动轴承的故障诊断提供了一种切实可行的方法。     

基于VMD和最小熵反褶积的齿轮早期故障诊断

针对强噪声环境下齿轮早期故障特征信号微弱,故障特征信息难以提取的问题,提出了变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)和最小熵反褶积(Minimum Entropy Deconvolution,MED)的诊断方法。首先,利用VMD对采集到的齿轮故障振动信号进行自适应分解,得到一系列窄带本征模态分量(band-limited intrinsic mode functions,BLIMFS),由于噪声的干扰,从各个模态分量的频谱中很难对故障做出正确的判断;然后依据相关系数准则,选取包含故障特征信息较丰富的分量进行MED滤波处理以消除噪声影响,凸显故障特征信息。最后对降噪后的信号进行Hilbert包络解调分析,即可从包络谱中准确地识别齿轮故障特征频率。通过仿真信号和齿轮箱实验数据对所提方法进行了验证,结果表明,该方法能够有效地降低噪声的影响,准确地提取齿轮早期故障信号中微弱的特征信息。     

基于ELMD和MED的滚动轴承早期故障诊断方法

针对滚动轴承早期故障振动信号的非平稳特性和现实中受环境噪声影响严重,故障特征信息难以识别的问题,提出基于ELMD和MED的故障诊断方法。首先,运用ELMD对采集到的轴承振动信号进行分解,得到一系列PF分量;然后,依据相关系数与峭度准则,选取包含故障特征信息较丰富的PF分量进行MED滤波处理以消除噪声影响,凸现故障特征信息;最后,对降噪信号进行Hilbert包络谱分析,从谱图中准确地识别轴承故障特征频率。     

基于MED和峭度准则形态滤波的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承故障诊断问题,提出一种基于最小熵解卷积(Minimum entropy deconvolution,MED)和峭度准则形态滤波的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。该方法首先通过MED对滚动轴承故障信号进行降噪处理,然后设计不同长度结构元素的形态滤波器对降噪后的信号进行差值形态滤波,最后利用峭度准则筛选出峭度值最大的最佳形态滤波分量,进行幅值谱分析提取轴承故障特征频率。应用该方法分析了滚动轴承内圈故障模拟信号和实验测试信号,取得良好的分析效果,证明了该方法的有效性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.