AZ31镁合金脉冲MIG焊接头深冷工艺研究

采用与母材同质、直径1.2 mm的焊丝进行AZ31镁合金脉冲MIG焊工艺试验,并对AZ31镁合金焊接接头分别进行了100,-140,-180℃保温6 h的深冷处理工艺试验;采用超景深显微镜观测、分析了深冷处理焊接接头微观组织。研究结果表明,未深冷处理焊接接头最大晶粒尺寸为400μm;-100℃深冷6 h的最大晶粒尺寸为100μm;在-140℃深冷6 h最大晶粒尺寸为50μm;-180℃深冷6 h最大晶粒尺寸为60μm。深冷处理后的焊接接头晶粒变小,镁合金脉冲MIG焊焊接接头强化的最佳深冷处理工艺为-140℃深冷6 h。     

深冷处理对AZ31B镁合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响

研究了深冷处理对镁合金焊接接头疲劳性能影响。采用TIG焊接AZ31B镁合金,在-160℃、保温12 h深冷工艺下对镁合金焊接接头进行深冷处理。测试未深冷组和深冷组镁合金焊接接头疲劳性能,用最小二乘法拟合实验数据得到S-N曲线,计算2×106循环次数下,未深冷接头疲劳性能为36.42 MPa,深冷接头疲劳性能为41.26 MPa,深冷处理后接头疲劳强度提高13.29%。用盲孔法分别测试未深冷和深冷后垂直焊缝不同位置的残余应力。结果表明:深冷处理后焊接残余应力下降;深冷处理后焊缝晶粒比未深冷焊缝晶粒明显细化。未深冷接头疲劳断口为解理断裂,深冷后接头疲劳断口为韧性断裂,说明深冷处理可提高焊接接头韧性。深冷处理可以提高镁合金焊接接头疲劳性能。     

深冷处理对AZ91镁合金组织与性能的影响

对AZ91镁合金进行了固溶+不同深冷处理时间+时效的复合工艺处理,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、硬度仪、万能试验机以及摩擦磨损试验机等仪器设备研究了不同深冷处理时间对AZ91镁合金显微组织、力学性能及耐磨性能的影响规律.结果 表明:AZ91镁合金经410℃8h固溶+(-196)℃12 h深冷处理+180℃8h时效复合工...     

深冷温度对AZ31镁合金CMT接头耐蚀性的影响

采用电化学方法研究了深冷处理温度对AZ31镁合金CMT(Cold Metal Transfer)焊接接头腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:与未深冷时相比,经-100℃/4 h、-140℃/4 h、-180℃/4 h三组参数深冷处理后的接头焊缝区耐蚀性能得到不同程度提高,随着深冷温度降低,耐蚀性能呈先升高后下降的趋势变化,深冷处理对焊缝区中第二相的尺寸、含量及分布的改变是决定这一趋势的关键因素。其中经-140℃/4h深冷处理的焊缝区电荷转移电阻和腐蚀产物膜电阻最大,腐蚀电流最低,耐蚀性能最佳。     

深冷处理对AZ31镁合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响

针对镁合金焊接接头的软化问题,采用不同深冷时间对AZ31镁合金MIG焊接接头进行了深冷处理,并测试与分析了不同深冷时间下焊接接头的力学性能和显微组织。结果表明,深冷处理可显著强化AZ31镁合金焊接接头,其中经过(-196℃,12 h)深冷处理后的焊接接头,硬度提高了8.3%,抗拉强度与伸长率分别提高了15.43%和10.16%;随着深冷时间的延长,焊接接头的组织进一步细化,并有第二相在基体上不断析出,且呈弥散分布。     

轧后深冷处理工艺对AZ31镁合金板材组织和力学性能的影响

为了改善传统热轧AZ31镁合金板材的微观组织,提升其综合力学性能,将AZ31镁合金板材经360℃热轧后,采用不同时间液氮浸泡进行深冷处理,研究不同深冷时间处理对热轧AZ31镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:经深冷处理后,热轧AZ31镁合金中析出第二相,同时合金内部晶粒尺寸得到细化,导致孪晶产生.AZ31镁合金热...     

AZ80镁合金的深冷处理

研究了深冷处理对AZ80镁合金组织及力学性能的影响,并用扫描电镜分析了挤压态、T4态和T4+深冷处理态试样的室温拉伸断口。试验结果表明,深冷处理能改善合金的显微组织,从而提高其力学性能。在本试验条件下,AZ80镁合金最佳深冷处理工艺为-180℃×2 h。挤压态试样室温拉伸断口为准解理断裂;T4处理后,断口形貌为具有一定塑性变形的准解理断裂;T4+深冷处理后,断口又呈现出以准解理为主的脆性断裂特征。     

深冷处理对变路径轧制镁合金组织与性能的影响

为了改善传统热轧AZ31镁合金板材的微观组织,提升其综合力学性能,本文采用二道次变路径轧制与深冷处理相结合的方法,研究了深冷处理对二道次不同路径轧制下AZ31镁合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：经深冷处理后,AZ31镁合金轧制板材晶粒平均尺寸显著细化至7.8μm,织构强度能够由16弱化至9.5,合金组织中有孪晶生成,少量的第二相在晶界处析出。此外,二道次同一路径轧制下的板材经过20 min深冷处理,塑性得到极大改善,断裂伸长率高达23.2%;与传统轧制工艺相比,二道次交叉路径轧制板材经20 min的深冷处理,其硬度、抗拉强度分别由68 HV和246 MPa提升至75.8 HV、268 MPa。     

深冷处理对电磁搅拌AZ91镁合金组织与性能的影响

研究了深冷处理对固溶处理后的电磁搅拌AZ91镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。在-196℃下,对固溶后的电磁搅拌AZ91镁合金采用不同深冷时间深冷处理,并进行了力学性能测试及组织观察。结果表明,在深冷处理后,AZ91镁合金的抗拉强度、伸长率得到提高,晶粒得到细化,并且在深冷过程中有第二相粒子的析出。在深冷处理24 h后,合金的抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度分别达到249 MPa、11.6%和HB 68.1。     

深冷温度对AZ31镁合金CMT焊接接头耐蚀性的影响

采用电化学方法研究了深冷处理温度对AZ31镁合金CMT(cold metal transfer)焊接接头腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:与未深冷时相比,经–100℃,4h;–140℃,4h;–180℃,4h 3组参数深冷处理后的接头焊缝区耐蚀性能得到不同程度提高,随着深冷温度降低,耐蚀性能呈先升高后下降的变化趋势,深冷处理对焊缝区中第二相的尺寸、含量及分布的改变是决定这一趋势的关键因素。其中经–140℃,4h深冷处理的焊缝区电荷转移电阻和腐蚀产物膜电阻最大,腐蚀电流最低,耐蚀性能最佳。     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of semi-solid squeeze casting AZ91D

Semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy billets were prepared by near-liquidus heat holding. Semi-solid squeeze casting was conducted at 575, 585 and 595 ℃, respectively, with 1 mm·s~(-1) squeeze speed. The semisolid squeeze casting AZ91D samples were heat treated by T4(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h) and T6(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h + 220 ℃ for 8 h) processes, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy in different states were investigated by means of OM, SEM and tensile testing machine. The results show that compared to as-cast alloy, the grain size of the semi-solid squeezed AZ91D decreased significantly, and with the increase of semi-solid squeeze temperature, the grain size of AZ91D increased. The grains of the alloy were refined by T4 treatment, and further refined by T6 treatment. T6 treatment greatly improved the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness, but did not significantly improve yield strength. After 575 ℃ squeeze casting and T6 treatment, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) reached 285 MPa, the elongation reached 13.36%, and the hardness also reached the maximum(106.8 HV), but the yield strength(YS) was only 180 MPa. During the process of semi-solid squeeze casting and heat treatment, the matrix grain was refined and a large number of precipitated and secondary precipitated phases of Mg_(17)Al_(12) appeared. Both the average size of matrix grain and secondary precipitated phase decreased, while the volume fraction of secondary precipitated phase increased. All these resulted in high tensile strength, elongation and hardness.     

镁合金钨极氩弧焊接头深冷强化机制

针对镁合金焊接接头软化问题,文中提出了AZ31镁合金TIG焊接接头深冷强化方法,进行了镁合金TIG焊接工艺试验和焊接接头的-160℃,8 h深冷处理试验;深冷处理使镁合金焊接接头抗拉强度从212.4 MPa提高到246.6 MPa;用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等观测了焊接接头深冷前后的微观组织与结构,分析了焊接接头深冷强化机理.结果表明,深冷处理使镁合金TIG焊接接头形成亚晶结构,第二相Mg17Al12颗粒弥散析出,提高了基体连续性,第二相颗粒数量增加,使接头组织细化并获强化,深冷处理使焊接接头的晶粒发生转动与位错转化为位错环,使接头组织产生孪晶,强化了焊接接头.     

AZ91镁合金的挤压和析出硬化行为(英文)

挤压比为4:1,将铸态AZ91镁合金分别在250,300和350℃下进行挤压,随后进行析出硬化处理(T6)。经过热挤压和析出硬化处理后,铸态AZ91镁合金中粗大的和偏析Mg17Al12析出相被细化并均匀分布在α-镁基体中。在不同的挤压温度下合金中发生了部分或全部动态再结晶。经挤压后,该合金的极限抗拉强度从铸态的190MPa增加到570MPa。AZ91镁合金的时效硬化特征与晶粒尺寸有关。在250、300和350℃下以4:1的挤压比挤压该合金后,获得峰值硬度的时效时间分别为35、30和20h。SEM观察到在AZ91基体中存在均匀细小的Mg17Al12析出相。     

热处理对挤压镁合金AZ91拉伸变形与断裂行为的影响

通过金相显微组织观察和断口SEM分析，研究了热处理对挤压AZ91镁合金拉伸变形与断裂行为的影响。结果表明：AZ91镁合金固溶态与挤压态相比抗拉强度变化不大，但伸长率有较大幅度的提高，品粒尺寸有所增大；时效峰值态的抗拉强度与固溶态相比有一定的提高，但伸长率有较大幅度的降低，合金固溶时效处理后伴有强化相粒子析出。AZ91合金挤压态和固溶态的断面都有韧窝特征，为微孔形核的韧性断裂机制，而在时效峰值态的断面上则呈现出了韧性与脆性混合断裂的特征。     

挤压铸造AZ81镁合金均匀化热处理工艺研究

为改善挤压铸造AZ81镁合金组织的不均匀性,对铸态试样进行均匀化热处理。采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对AZ81镁合金的组织与性能进行分析。结果表明:经400℃、8h均匀化处理后,AZ81合金有效地消除了枝晶偏析,改善了材料的组织状态;合金硬度由HRE73.72下降到HRE57.68,屈服强度由130MPa增加到138MPa,抗拉强度由226MPa增加到258MPa,伸长率则由7.6%增加到13.6%;试样的室温拉伸断口均为准解理断裂,经均匀化处理后断裂方式由沿晶界的脆性断裂转变为韧性穿晶断裂。     

热处理对挤压镁合金AZ91拉伸变形与断裂行为的影响

通过金相显微组织观察和断口SEM分析,研究了热处理对挤压AZ91镁合金拉伸变形与断裂行为的影响。结果表明:AZ91镁合金固溶态与挤压态相比抗拉强度变化不大,但伸长率有较大幅度的提高,晶粒尺寸有所增大;时效峰值态的抗拉强度与固溶态相比有一定的提高,但伸长率有较大幅度的降低,合金固溶时效处理后伴有强化相粒子析出。AZ91合金挤压态和固溶态的断面都有韧窝特征,为微孔形核的韧性断裂机制,而在时效峰值态的断面上则呈现出了韧性与脆性混合断裂的特征。     

Effects of Neodymium and Calcium on the Thermal Stability of AZ71 Magnesium Alloys

The effects of an addition of 0–2 wt% Nd on thermal stability of 0–3 wt% Ca-containing modified AZ71 magnesium alloys was investigated. The ignition temperature was found to increase from that of AZ71, 574, to 825 °C with the addition of 0.5 wt% Ca and 1 wt% Nd. The ignition temperature was further increased to 1114 °C when 3 wt% Ca was added. The Ca- and Nd-added AZ71 was isothermally maintained at a temperature of 500 °C in air for 12 h. The MgO–CaO–Nd₂O₃ formed on the surface to improve the thermal stability of the AZ71–xCa–yNd alloys. While both the tensile strength and ductility decreased with the Ca concentration in the alloy, an addition of 1 wt% Nd was found able to alleviate the degradation effects of Ca on the tensile strength and ductility at 170 °C. Both solid solution formation and precipitation strengthening contributed to the increase in toughness. AZ71 containing 0.5–2 wt% Ca and 1 wt% Nd provides the optimum combination of ignition resistance and mechanical properties.     

流变轧制AZ91合金的热处理和组织性能调控

本文对连续流变轧制AZ91合金在热处理过程中的组织和力学性能演化进行了研究。热处理后两种析出相在基体中出现：一种是晶界处的非连续析出相,另一种是从过饱和基体中析出的小尺寸连续析出相。随着时效温度升高,原子扩散速度也随之提高,导致更多的析出相生成和长大。合金的维氏硬度和拉伸强度峰值在16小时时效后出现,而合金的延伸率随着时效时间的延长和时效温度的提高呈下降趋势。经过对实验结果的分析,适合提升合金综合力学性能的热处理制度为415°C固溶20小时加220°C时效16小时。经热处理后得到的维氏硬度、拉伸强度和延伸率分别为：99 HV,251 MPa和4.5%,各项性能均显著优于流变轧制态合金。相对于传统成型手段,流变轧制加热处理方法成型的AZ91合金展现了优异且均衡的综合力学性能。     

Effects of microstructures on mechanical properties of Ti-63 titanium alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-63 pancakes were investigated under different heat-treatment modes. Pancake No. 1, with an as-forged bimodal structure, was β annealed at 930°C for 1 h. Its structure was changed to a Widmanstatten structure with continuous grain boundary α phase and long lamellar α phase. The pancake showed a good combination of strength, ductility and fracture toughness. Pancake No. 2, with an as-forged bimodal structure, was aged at 540°C for 8 h after annealing at 930°C for 1 h. Other than the fine secondary α precipitates, it showed a similar microstructure to that of pancake No. 1. The fine precipitates can enhance the pancake’s strength while reducing the ductility and fracture toughness. Pancake No. 3, with an as-forged basket-weave structure, was annealed at 750°C for 1 h. Its structure was nearly unchanged and it achieved a better ductility but a slightly lower fracture toughness than pancake No. 1.     

Enhanced Strength in Cu-Ag-Zr Alloy by Combination of Cold Working and Aging

In this investigation, the effect of different degree of cold rolling and post-aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Cu-3wt.%Ag-0.5wt.%Zr alloy was studied by means of hardness measurement, tensile tests, optical and electron microscopy. The alloy was subjected to cold rolling up to 80% followed by aging in the temperature range of 400-500 °C. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and hardness were found to increase as degree of cold rolling increased, but at the expense of ductility. Aging of cold rolled samples in the studied temperature range has resulted in different combinations of strength and ductility. However, aging of cold rolled samples at 400 °C for 1 h has resulted in a combination of high strength and moderate ductility. A yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 511 and 560 MPa, respectively with a ductility of 12% were achieved for 80% cold rolled and aged (400 °C for 1 h) sample. The high strength achieved after 80% cold rolling and aging is mainly attributed to precipitation of fine silver precipitates.