基于HFSS和神经网络的RFID读写器天线设计

提出了一款超高频频段(Ultra High Frequency,UHF)(912~935 MHz)和ISM频段(2.415~2.465 GHz)的RFID读写器圆极化单层结构微带天线,采用FR4板材为基板、辐射贴片采用切四角的缝隙贴片的结构,实现了天线的小型化设计,满足了天线的设计要求。通过HFSS三维电磁仿真软件和神经网络(Neural Network,NN)对天线模型进行了仿真分析。结果表明:回波损耗小于–10 d B的阻抗带宽为23 MHz(912~935 MHz)和50 MHz(2.415~2.465 GHz);在UHF频段与ISM频段内,读写器天线的最大增益为–3.6 d B和1.857 d B,能满足我国射频识别读写器的应用要求。     

WLAN小型双频微带天线的设计与分析

在分析传统缝隙微带天线的基础上,用传输线和空腔模型设计了一种可用于WiFi、WiMAX的WLAN微带天线。在贴片与接地板之间引入短路面使天线实现小型化,在贴片上开U型缝隙产生双频辐射,采用较低介电常数的介质基板和添加空气腔展宽了天线的带宽。仿真结果表明,当电压驻波比VSWR<2.0时,天线在2.45 GHz带宽为200 MHz(2.35～2.55 GHz),增益达到3.8 dB;在5.2 GHz带宽为1 050 MHz(5.0～6.05 GHz)增益达到8.8 dB。该天线覆盖了WLAN的所有频段,整体性能良好,增益较高,结构简单,易于实现,可以为实际无线通信系统的应用提供参考。     

卫星导航终端的小型化方形四臂缝隙螺旋天线

设计了一种卫星导航终端的小型化四臂缝隙螺旋天线。天线为方形柱状结构,四条缝隙螺旋臂印制在介质基板外表面,馈电网络印制于介质基板内表面进行耦合馈电;馈电网络为弯折的微带线结构,并延伸至天线底部实现同轴馈电。天线尺寸为23.6 mm×23.6 mm×53.0 mm,实测结果表明,|S11 |≤-10 dB 的阻抗带宽为7.63%(1.512~1.632 GHz),轴比≤3 dB 的圆极化带宽为3.35% (1.556~1.609 GHz),在北斗B1频段中心频率(1.561 GHz)和GPS L1 频段中心频率(1.575 GHz)处增益分别达到4.31 dBi 和4.84 dBi。该天线采用缝隙螺旋结构,并通过简易的馈电网络耦合馈电实现螺旋天线的圆极化,结构小巧简单,适合批量生产,可应用于卫星导航系统终端设备。     

集群通信与无线局域网多天线共口径设计

针对地面集群无线电通信800 MHz频段和无线局域网5 GHz频段, 融合共口径技术和多输入多输出技术设计了一种新颖四单元双模式天线, 该无线局域网天线采用双层微带结构结合多输入多输出技术, 实现高通信容量; 集群通信天线采用单层空气微带结构结合贴片耦合馈电技术, 并与无线局域网天线共口径设计, 实现多天线小型化.仿真和测试结果表明:集群通信天线(驻波比小于2)的阻抗带宽为806~866 MHz, 天线增益大于6 dBi; 无线局域网天线的阻抗带宽为4.9~6.1 GHz, 天线增益大于8 dBi; 各天线间的端口隔离度大于22 dB, 无线局域网天线的包络相关系数远小于0.01, 满足多输入多输出天线的分集要求.     

超高频RFID小型化读写器天线设计

提出了一款应用于超高频段(Ultra High Frequency,UHF)(912 ~935 MHz)的射频识别(RFID)读写器圆极化单层结构微带天线,基板采用FR4 板材达到价格低廉、辐射贴片采用开槽的结构实现小型化、接地板采用开槽结构提高天线的增益,该天线实现了小型化设计,满足了天线的设计要求。利用三维电磁仿真软件对天线模型进行了分析,仿真与测试结果吻合良好。天线测试结果表明:回波损耗小于-10 dB 的阻抗带宽为25 Hz(910 ~ 935 MHz),轴比(AR)小于3 dB的带宽为21 MHz(914 ~935 MHz);在UHF 频段内,读写器天线的最大增益为-1.2 dB,所以本天线能满足我国射频识别读写器的应用要求,具有良好的应用前景。     

应用于物联网MIMO天线的双频谐振解耦结构

提出了一种用于双频MIMO天线的谐振器去耦结构。通过双频单极子MIMO天线对该解耦结构进行验证。双频单极子天线分别工作在低频2.4GHz和高频5.8GHz。 双频解耦结构在低频段主要是采用两个反向的π型微带谐振器解耦,高频段主要是采用π型缝隙谐振器解耦。天线采用微带线馈电,解耦谐振器与天线地板印刷在PCB同一面,结构紧凑易于与系统集成,可以广泛应用于物联网通信系统中。 实测结果：双频谐振器去耦结构实现隔离度高于22dB,单极子天线阻抗带宽分别为2.0GHz-3.0GHz和5.0-6.0GHz（S11<-10dB）,低频段增益最大增益点1.5dBi,高频段最大增益点3dBi。     

一种应用于WLAN的容性馈电微带天线设计

在简单矩形微带天线的基础上,通过加一容性馈电贴片设计了一种应用于WLAN的微带天线。通过在矩形微带天线对角线馈电的方式实现了双频;容性馈电贴片的引入,抵消了因馈电探针过长而使天线输入阻抗呈感性的影响,从而展宽了天线的阻抗带宽。仿真结果表明,当回波损耗S11–10 dB时,天线在2.44 GHz处带宽为120MHz(2.38~2.50 GHz),增益为5.7 dB;在5.42 GHz处带宽为1 GHz(5.12~6.12 GHz),增益为8.4 dB。该天线全面覆盖了WLAN所要求的频段,且性能良好,结构简单。     

加载渐变周期结构的Vivaldi 天线

为提高原始Vivaldi 天线在工作带宽内的增益,设计了一种加载渐变周期结构的Vivaldi 天线。渐变周期结构是等距周期排列的金属贴片,电磁能量通过激励振子向引向振子方向传输,从而提高天线增益。仿真结果表明,加载周期结构的Vivaldi 天线在6 ~16 GHz 频段范围内增益提高2. 1 dB。Vivaldi 天线通过采用对称周期结构进行再优化,天线在12 ~14 GHz 频段范围内,S11 参数最大陷波深度提高8. 7 dB,增益提高1. 6 dB。最后对天线进行实物加工并测试,结果验证了设计的有效性。     

一种室内覆盖多频段天线的设计与仿真

为满足室内覆盖天线在无线通讯系统多个频段的要求,采用了背馈式非对称振子结构,利用添加多寄生贴片和调节片的方法,设计了一种带有寄生贴片的多频段定向天线。通过HFSS10.0软件仿真优化,该天线覆盖了800MHz～960MHz频段(最大增益在900MHz为5.43dB),1230MHz～2230MHz超宽频段(频带宽度为:57.8%,最大增益在1830MHz为10.2dB)和2350MHz～2520MHz频带(最大增益在2450MHz为10.8dB),满足了AMPS、GSM、DCS、PCS、UMTS和WLAN频段的要求,且具有稳定的方向性。     

一种适用于S波段的多频微带天线的研究与设计

设计了一种工作于S波段的多频缝隙微带天线。以基本矩形双频微带天线为基础,采用同轴馈电,通过在矩形贴片上加载圆形和矩形缝隙改变表面电流分布,实现天线的多频段工作。采用基于有限元方法的电磁仿真软件HFSS 14.0对所设计的多频天线进行仿真与优化。仿真分析结果表明,该天线工作在2.04,2.50和2.97 GHz三个工作频段上,回波损耗值分别为-26,-22和-29 dB,-10 dB阻抗带宽分别为2.01～2.07 GHz,2.44～2.55 GHz和2.95～2.99 GHz,最大增益分别为1.79,3.28和3.9 dB。该多频段微带天线具有体积小、回波损耗低等优点,可用于无线通信系统。     

Broadband sub-6 GHz flower-shaped MIMO antenna with high isolation using theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) for 5G NR bands and WLAN applications

A small size neutralization line integrated flower-shaped MIMO antenna is designed and analyzed for sub-6 GHz type 5G NR frequency bands like n79 (4400–5000 MHz), n78 (3300–3800 MHz), n77 (3300–4200 MHz), and WLAN (5150–5825 MHz) applications. The novel approach of theory of characteristic mode analysis (TCMA) is introduced to provide physical insight of the designed structure and its characteristics behavior. Due to the suggested modifications in the geometry, the isolation among the patches is greatly increased. The overall miniaturized dimension of the MIMO antenna is 25 × 40 mm². The edge-edge spacing among the elements is 0.0233λ. The prototype antenna is fabricated and measured that shows good agreement compared with simulated results. The designed MIMO antenna without the presence of decoupling structure offers an isolation of 28 dB, gain of 3.6 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 69.7% at the resonant frequency. The proposed MIMO antenna covers a broad range of frequency band from 3.296 to 5.962 GHz with −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 2666 MHz and maintains a good isolation of greater than 50 dB for the entire operating band. The tested radiation efficiency and gain are 85.3% and 6.22 dBi at 3.5 GHz. Moreover, the diversity parameters of the neutralization line integrated MIMO antenna, that is, channel capacity loss (CCL) isolation, mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC) diversity gain (DG), and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), are analyzed and discussed in this article.     

Compact body-worn MIMO antenna with high port isolation for UWB applications

This article investigates the mutual coupling reduction of a compact two elements wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna. The ground plane of the proposed wearable MIMO antenna structure consists of three connected square ring-shaped stubs and two rectangular slots of narrow height. These ground stubs and slots minimize the mutual coupling effect between antennas and provide high isolation. The suggested MIMO antenna functions from the 1.87 to 13.82 GHz frequency spectrum covering WLAN (2.4–2.484 GHz), UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz), and X band (8–12 GHz) with 152.32% fractional bandwidth. It sustains port isolation above 27 dB throughout the 2 to 13.82 GHz frequency band. Inside the whole working frequency band, the suggested antenna offers a tiny envelope correlation coefficient (ECC < 0.098), greater diversity gain (DG > 9.93 dB), minimum channel capacity loss (CCL < 0.32 bits/s/Hz), and slight magnitude variation in mean effective gain of antenna ports (< 0.1 dB). The recommended antenna yields a SAR level below the designated threshold (<1.6 W/kg), affirming its suitability for body-worn applications. The designed MIMO antenna structure has an overall volume of 32 × 48 × 1.5 mm³.     

Multi-Element Wideband Planar Antenna for Wireless Applications

A wideband, multi-standard MIMO antenna with hexagonal geometry and slot is proposed for DCS/PCS/LTE/UMTS applications while keeping the real time application at prime to provide high data rate, low latency, high capacity, non-line-of communication, and reliability with continuity. The designed prototype covers 1.64–2.50 GHz frequency band with percentage bandwidth of 41.55% and resonates at 2.1 GHz. The isolation of more than 10 dB is achieved in the 2:1 VSWR frequency band. The total bandwidth of the MIMO antenna is 860 MHz. The designed MIMO has peak gain of 5.4 dBi, ECC?<?0.06, radiation efficiency?>?88%, and total efficiency?>?71%. The TARC active bandwidth is 600 MHz with best excitation angles of 45°, 45° at ports. The hexagonal slot is used for the control of induced current for better isolation. The proposed MIMO antenna evaluates the SAR performance at resonant frequency for listening, holding, and watching positions, and is found under the required safety norms.

     

一种基于倒“T”形贴片结构的WLAN天线设计

提出了一种基体背面有电磁带隙结构的倒“T”形双频微带天线。研究发现该天线具有双频带特性,其双频工作频率分别为2.4 GHz和5.2 GHz,相应的带宽为805 MHz (2.099~2.944 GHz) 和831 MHz (4.568~5.409 GHz),增益达到3.1 dBi。仿真和测试结果基本吻合,表明该天线可以很好地满足WLAN工作频段标准要求,具有很好的应用前景。     

一种新型极化可重构微带天线

利用互补开口谐振环(CSRR)结构提出了一种新型极化可重构微带天线。将CSRR 和一个PIN 二极管开关加载在天线的地板上,通过控制二极管开关的状态,可以实现左旋圆极化和线极化之间的切换,无需额外的偏置电路。利用仿真软件分析了CSRR 的尺寸和位置对天线圆极化特性的影响。所设计的天线工作在5. 8GHz 频段范围,测试结果与仿真结果吻合较好。实验结果表明,在圆极化状态下,中心频率5. 77GHz,-10dB 阻抗带宽约360MHz,最小轴比为1. 5dB,3dB 轴比带宽为80MHz;线极化状态下,中心频率5. 72GHz,-10dB 阻抗带宽约200MHz。天线增益均为6dB 左右,具有良好的方向性,可用于现代无线通信系统中。     

Equivalent circuit model-based design and analysis of microstrip line fed electrically small patch antenna for sub-6 GHz 5G applications

In this paper, an equivalent circuit model-based electrically small patch antenna is designed for sub-6 GHz 5G application (3.5 GHz) using 50-Ω microstrip line feed. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 0.33λ₀ × 0.4λ₀ × 0.019λ₀ (28 × 34 × 1.6 mm³) at 3.50 GHz frequency. The proposed antenna has a tilted Y-shape slot, two rectangular shape slots, and two rectangular shape notches in the radiating patch. The proposed antenna is resonating from 3.21 to 3.74 GHz covering the entire sub-6 GHz 5G band (3.3–3.8 GHz). The impedance bandwidth (simulated) of the proposed antenna has been obtained 530 MHz resonating at 3.50 GHz frequency. The good return loss of −23.62 dB is also obtained at 3.50 GHz resonant frequency. The simulation results and geometry of the proposed antenna are validated with equivalent circuit model and experimental measurement of prototype antenna using vector network analyzer (VNA) and anechoic chamber. In the whole operating frequency range, the measured findings show reasonable agreement with the simulated ones. The measured impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna has been obtained 480 MHz (3.21–3.69 GHz) resonating at 3.48 GHz frequency with a return loss of −21.61 dB, while the theoretical impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna has been obtained 720 MHz (3.18–3.90 GHz) resonating at 3.58 GHz frequency with a return loss of −21.5 dB. The peak gain of 3.39 (simulated) and 3.2 dB (measured) is obtained at 3.50 GHz frequency. Moreover, the antenna shows 97% (simulated) and 95% (measured) efficiency at 3.50 GHz frequency.     

A dual-band CP dual-orthogonal arms monopole antenna with slanting edge DGS for C-band wireless applications

This communication describes a novel design of circularly-polarized (CP) monopole antenna for dual-band performance. The proposed design offers an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 3.7 GHz in the frequency range 2.9–6.6 GHz in the lower band and 1 GHz (7.7–8.7 GHz) in the upper band. Proposed antenna has a wide CP (3 dB axial-ratio) bandwidth of 2.42 GHz (46.6%) in lower band (4.08–6.5 GHz) and 300 MHz in upper frequency band (8.1–8.4 GHz). The CP bandwidth is achieved through dual orthogonal arms and slanting edge defected ground structure (DGS). Proposed antenna is suitable for the C-Band wireless applications including WLAN, Wi-MAX communication systems.     

3.6-GHz eight-antenna MIMO array for mobile terminal applications

This paper studies an eight-antenna multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) array owning a wide bandwidth to cover the 3.6-GHz (3400–3800 MHz) band for modern mobile terminal applications. The developed eight-antenna array consists of two four-antenna sub-arrays having slight different physical dimensions. The antenna elements are all based on the stepped impedance resonator (SIR) structure, which are positioned along the two long borderlines of the ground plane in the mobile terminal. A wider bandwidth can be realized by properly choosing the electrical length ratio and impedance ratio of the SIR structure, and the system performance can be consequently improved. The measured results of the fabricated prototype show that the value of the return loss is larger than 10 dB and the value of the inter-element isolation is more than 11.7 dB within the entire 3.6-GHz band. Furthermore, the envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) between arbitrary two antenna elements is smaller than 0.1 for the developed eight-antenna MIMO array. Design details of the MIMO array as well as the simulated and experimental results will be given and discussed.     

基于介质片加载实现MIMO介质谐振器天线解耦

提出了一种通过在介质谐振器(DR)上表面侧边加载介质片(DS)来实现1×2 MIMO介质谐振器天线(DRA)解耦的新方法。1×2 MIMO DRA采用双层介质基板结构以优化阻抗匹配特性和辐射特性,两DR的边到边间距为0,天线工作在毫米波频段。所加载的DS使得DR内的场重新分布并向DS加载区域以及DS内集中,从而减弱耦合到另一DR单元的场强以实现解耦效果。基于ANSYS HFSS的仿真结果表明天线的-10 dB阻抗匹配带宽为25.6%(22.75～29.43 GHz),带内最大实现了30 dB的隔离度的增强。