一种改进的小波阈值去噪法

基于小波变换的阈值去噪法是去除数字信号中白噪声的有效算法,其中阈值函数的选择关系着重构信号的连续性和精度。但是硬阈值函数在阈值点具有不连续性,软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号间存在恒定偏差的缺陷,这些缺点限制了阈值去噪法的进一步应用。将硬阈值和软阈值函数进行加权平均,选取适当的权值函数,可以构造出一种克服了软硬阈值缺点的新的阈值函数。仿真结果表明,该方法具有较好的去噪效果。     

小波去噪在超声多普勒信号处理中的应用

在超声多普勒流量计的研制过程中,由于多普勒信号属于微弱信号,超声波回波信号的去噪处理这一步是十分必要的。通常采用小波阈值去噪的方法对此信号进行预处理,本文所采用的方法是在小波阈值去噪方法的基础上,利用一种改进的阈值函数,此阈值函数克服了硬阈值函数不连续的不足,继承了软阈值函数的连续性特点,并且解决了软阈值函数中存在的小波系数与分解小波系数之间存在着恒定偏差的缺陷,与此同时,它具有软硬阈值函数不可比拟的灵活性。对实验所获得的超声波回波信号进行去噪,仿真结果表明,采用新的阈值函数去噪能有效抑制在信号奇异点附近产生的Pseudo-Gibbs现象,并且从信噪比增益和均方误差意义上分析看出改进型阈值函数对于超声回波信号的去噪效果均优于传统的软、硬阈值方法。     

超声波检测中的小波降噪方法研究

传统小波阈值去噪分为硬阈值去噪和软阈值去噪,而在去噪过程中,硬阈值函数在一些不连续点处有时会产生伪吉布斯现象;软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号之间存在恒定偏差。为了去除这些现象,提出了一种新阈值函数,实验结果表明,新阈值函数消噪后的视觉特性较好,并且信噪比提高,从而说明了这种方法的有效性。     

基于小波分析的振动信号阈值去噪新方法

传统的软、硬阈值去噪方法在去噪前后小波系数之间分别存在恒定偏差和阈值函数不连续等缺点,达不到对信号去噪的理想效果。针对软、硬阈值函数的优缺点,提出了一种新的阈值去噪函数。在 Matlab 环境下分别使用3种阈值函数进行去噪实验,对比由3种方法得到的信噪比及均方误差。仿真结果表明,该函数不但具有很好的连续性,而且显著减小了软、硬阈值函数中估计小波系数与真实小波系数间存在的恒定偏差,证实了新阈值函数更加灵活,能更好地消除白噪声干扰。     

几种基于小波阈值去噪的改进方法

传统小波阈值去噪分为硬阈值去噪和软阈值去噪,而在其去噪过程中,硬阈值函数在一些不连续点处有时会产生伪吉布斯现象;软阈值函数中估计的小波系数与信号的小波信号之间存在恒定偏差.为了去除这些现象,本文提出了几种新阈值函数的改进方案.实验结果表明,新阈值函数消噪后的视觉特性较好,并且信噪比提高,均方根误差有所降低.从而说明这些方法的有效性.     

基于小波变换的红外图像去噪

提出一种基于新型阈值函数的小波域红外图像去噪法,其阈值函数表达式简单且连续,既克服了硬阈值函数不连续的缺点,又克服了软阈值函数中估计小波系数与含噪小波系数间存在恒定偏差的缺陷。同时新的阈值函数还有效地利用了小波系数的成串性,即在小波系数的估计计算中考虑了邻域小波系数的大小。仿真结果表明,在去噪红外图像视觉效果和峰值信噪比两个方面,文中提出的去噪法优于已有的各种门限去噪法和Matlab-wiener2滤波算法。     

一种新的小波阈值函数改进方法及实现

局部放电信号是一种弱信号,受周围复杂电磁环境的干扰较大,利用小波分析对它进行去噪处理是当前研究的一个热点.传统的小波阈值去噪方法主要包括硬阈值方法和软阈值方法,它们在实际应用中取得了很大的成功,但同时也存在一些需要改进的地方.文章在传统软、硬阈值函数的基础上,提出了一种新的双变量阈值函数,并分别利用软、硬阈值函数和新阈值函数对局部放电仿真信号进行了小波去噪分析,仿真结果表明,通过调节两个可变参数,新阈值函数可以获得具有最佳信噪比和最小均方误差的去噪信号,其去噪效果明显优于传统的软、硬阈值函数,而且更具灵活性.     

基于一种新阈值函数在信号去噪中的应用

小波理论去噪方法有很多种,小波阈值去噪方法,理论较为成熟,算法更加简单,数值的稳定性高,去噪的效果好。软阈值函数方法和硬阈值函数方法去噪在实际应用中使用很广泛,但总有一些不足的地方,因为软、硬阈值函数自身的结构都有一定的缺陷。本人提出一种新的阈值函数,它有较好的光滑性,随着参数取值的变化,新阈值函数介于在软、硬阈值函数之间,而且表达式简单,计算方便。最后,在MATLAB环境下,对加入高斯白噪声的信号进行了去噪的仿真实验,结果表明:新阈值函数去噪方法好于软、硬阈值去噪方法。     

基于两种改进阈值函数的表面肌电信号降噪研究

针对传统小波阈值法在表面肌电信号去噪上存在的缺陷,提出逼近指数型阈值函数和逼近对数型去噪的方法。对含噪表面肌电信号进行改进阈值降噪处理。针对表面肌电信号的特点,在分析了传统的软阈值、硬阈值函数去噪原理的基础上,与软阈值函数、硬阈值函数和半软阈值在降噪效果上做比较。两种改进阈值函数克服了软阈值函数和硬阈值函数具有偏差性和不连续性及半软阈值函数具有偏差性及不连续性的缺点。通过选取给定阈值、固定阈值、估噪阈值三种阈值进行仿真实验,实验结果表明,在表面肌电信号去噪中两种改进阈值函数较传统软阈值函数和半软阈值函数具有较好的信噪比和较低的均方根误差。从阈值函数选取上看,硬阈值函数去噪效果最好,然后依次是指数型阈值函数、对数型阈值函数、线性阈值函数,最后是软阈值函数。从信噪比和均方根误差数值上看,给定阈值去噪效果最好,其次是固定阈值,最后是估噪阈值。     

一种改进的小波阈值图像去噪方法

介绍了小波阈值图像去噪的原理,并对常规的软、硬阈值函数在图像去噪中存在的缺陷进行分析,在软、硬阈值函数的基础上提出了一种改进的阈值函数。通过对含噪声图像分别采用常规的软、硬阈值函数和改进的阈值函数进行去噪处理,实验对比得出:当选取了合适的控制系数时,改进的阈值函数在图像去噪中不仅保留了常规软、硬阈值函数的去噪优越性,而且还克服了常规软、硬阈值函数存在的去噪缺陷,比常规的软、硬阈值函数去噪效果更好。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks