复合喷丸强化对EB-PVD制备CoCrAlY涂层高温氧化性能的影响

为了研究复合型的高能喷丸工艺对EB-PVD制备的CoCrAlY涂层的高温氧化性能,采用0.3N、0.3N+0.1N和0.3 N+0.2 N的喷丸强度对CoCrAlY涂层进行了表面强化。观察了喷丸强化前后涂层的表面形貌;测量了喷丸前后涂层的表面粗糙度、表面残余应力、涂层的厚度和截面硬度;对比分析了喷丸前后涂层物相变化以及涂层高温氧化性能。结果表明:复合喷丸强化比普通高能喷丸强化对EB-PVD制备的CoCrAlY涂层的抗高温氧化性能提升更加明显,0.3N+0.1N的复合喷丸工艺对提升涂层的高温抗氧化性能最好。相较普通喷丸工艺,复合喷丸工艺更能明显降低EB-PVD制备的CoCrAlY涂层表面粗糙度,提高涂层的致密度,改善物相结构,进而提升涂层的抗高温氧化性能。喷丸强度大于等于0.3 N时,CoCrAlY涂层表面出现鳞状突出物,导致氧化物在此处择优生长,生成的氧化膜中的应力在此处集中而发生破裂,降低涂层的使用寿命,但复合喷丸能消除该鳞状突出物。     

激光喷丸强化CoCrAlY防护涂层的抗高温氧化性能

利用大气等离子喷涂(air plasma spraying, APS)技术在镍基高温合金表面制备CoCrAlY涂层,在此基础上采用电子束真空蒸镀(electric beam vacuum deposition, EBVD)方法在涂层表面进一步沉积铝膜,以提高涂层表面Al元素含量。采用激光喷丸(laser peening, LP)工艺分别对以上2种涂层进行强化处理。采用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对比分析LP强化前后CoCrAlY涂层表面相结构、微观形貌及成分变化。微观结构分析表明,LP处理后APS-CoCrAlY涂层表面粗糙度降低,组织致密性增加;镀铝CoCrAlY涂层经LP处理后,表面Al含量明显增加,β-CoAl相含量提高,且涂层表面晶粒得到细化。1050℃抗高温氧化实验结果表明,LP处理涂层表面形成的氧化膜较原始涂层更加平整、致密,且氧化膜厚度明显变薄;此外,镀铝CoCrAlY涂层经LP处理后的抗高温氧化性能最优。     

喷丸处理和微弧氧化对TC4合金组织和疲劳性能的影响

通过喷丸处理(SP)在TC4钛合金表面制备强化过渡层,再采用微弧氧化(MAO)制备出喷丸+微弧氧化(SP+MAO)涂层。对比研究TC4钛合金表面微弧氧化涂层及喷丸+微弧氧化涂层的显微结构、相组成和疲劳性能。结果表明:喷丸处理后,材料表面粗糙度上升。位错不断增殖、积塞直至发生交割而起到表层晶粒细化的作用,距表面深度为5μm处硬度达最大值472.84HV_(0.1)、提高了40%,表层残余压应力从基体的-98.8 MPa提升到-548.9MPa。相比微弧氧化涂层,喷丸+微弧氧化涂层表面粗糙度由0.54μm上升到0.79μm,平均厚度从4.1μm增加至12.6μm。喷丸+微弧氧化试样的疲劳寿命为13321周次,远高于微弧氧化试样的疲劳寿命3638周次,略高于原始试样疲劳寿命13067周次。这表明采用喷丸作为预处理可以改善微弧氧化工艺对试样疲劳性能的影响。     

激光喷丸强化CoCrAlY防护涂层 抗高温氧化性能研究

利用大气等离子喷涂(Air Plasma Spraying,APS)技术在镍基高温合金表面制备CoCrAlY涂层,在此基础上采用电子束真空蒸镀(Electric Beam Vacuum Deposition,EBVD)技术在涂层表面进一步沉积铝膜,以提高涂层表面Al元素含量。采用激光喷丸(Laser Peening,LP)技术分别对以上两种涂层进行强化处理。采用X射线衍射(X-Ray Diffraction,XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Election Microscope,SEM)对比分析LP冲击前后CoCrAlY涂层表面相结构、微观形貌及成分变化。微观结构分析表明,LP处理后APS-CoCrAlY涂层表面粗糙度降低,组织致密性增加;镀铝CoCrAlY涂层经LP处理后,表面Al含量明显增加,β-CoAl相含量提高,且涂层表面晶粒得到细化。1050 ℃抗高温氧化实验结果表明,LP处理涂层表面形成的氧化膜较原始涂层更加平整、致密,且氧化膜厚度明显变薄;此外,镀铝CoCrAlY涂层经LP处理后的抗高温氧化性能最优。     

DZ125合金再涂覆CoCrAlY涂层界面互扩散行为研究

采用电子束物理气相沉积(EB-PVD)方法在DZ125镍基高温合金上制备了CoCrAlY涂层,经过高温氧化扩散处理后,通过物理方法去除不同深度的涂层,采用相同的工艺重新制备了CoCrAlY涂层.研究了高温扩散过程中再涂覆CoCrAlY涂层与DZ125合金基体界面的互扩散行为及涂层的高温氧化行为.结果表明,去除涂层的深度对再涂覆涂层与合金界面的扩散行为以及涂层的高温氧化性能有重要影响.再涂覆涂层经高温氧化后形成的贫Al区厚度均小于首次涂覆涂层,且去除的深度越浅,贫Al区的厚度越薄.当涂层去除至互扩散区(IDZ)底部时,再涂覆涂层经高温氧化后形成的IDZ厚度与首次涂覆涂层相当,且氧化膜厚度较薄.     

喷丸处理对热障涂层组织与性能的影响

采用电泳沉积方法,在喷丸处理和未处理的Inconel600高温合金表面沉积YSZ/(Ni,Al)复合涂层,然后进行真空烧结。研究了喷丸处理对YSZ/(Ni,Al)复合涂层微观结构、结合强度和抗氧化性能的影响。通过使用X射线衍射和扫描电镜来分析复合涂层的成分和相变。结果表明,喷丸后制备的涂层与基体的结合力比未处理基体制备的要大,且喷丸处理制备的涂层表面裂纹较少。喷丸后的试样结合力与抗高温氧化性能都要优于未处理的试样。     

基体喷丸处理对电泳沉积YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层显微组织、相变和性能的影响（英文）

采用电泳沉积技术在喷丸处理和未处理的Inconel600高温合金基体表面制备YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层,然后进行真空烧结。使用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和电子探针能谱仪分析复合涂层的组成和相变,分析和讨论基体喷丸处理后的YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层的显微组织结构和性能之间的关系。结果显示,基体喷丸处理后的YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层在1100°C等温氧化100 h后的结合强度和抗氧化增重分别是3.3 N和0.00817 mg/cm~2,而基体未处理的YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层的结合强度和抗氧化增重分别为2.6 N和0.00559 mg/cm~2。在能谱分析得出喷丸处理的涂层在等温氧化后出现明显的铬元素从基体向涂层扩散。基体喷丸处理后的YSZ/(Ni,Al)热障复合涂层具有更优异的结合性能和抗高温氧化性能。     

表面喷丸处理对NiCrAlYSi涂层恒温氧化行为的影响

采用真空电弧离子镀工艺制备了NiCrAlYSi涂层,研究了NiCrAlYSi涂层表面喷丸处理对其恒温氧化行为的影响.结果表明,喷丸处理工艺可降低涂层表面粗糙度,提高涂层表面致密性和平整性.在恒温氧化过程中,经过喷丸处理后的涂层能减少O原子向内扩散从而避免异常氧化区的出现,同时形成的热生长氧化(TGO)层厚度更加均匀,通...     

GH2909合金表面抗氧化涂层的高温氧化行为研究

采用电镀和超音速火焰喷涂工艺在GH2909合金表面分别沉积了厚度为8μm的电镀Cr层与厚度为85μm的Ni CoCrAlY涂层。采用静态氧化增重法测试了GH2909合金、GH2909合金-Cr涂层、GH2909合金-Ni CoCrAlY涂层在750℃下的高温抗氧化性能。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、能谱仪对其高温氧化行为进行研究。结果表明:GH2909合金在750℃下抗氧化性能较差,而Cr涂层与Ni CoCrAlY涂层均可有效阻挡基体在高温下的氧化。Ni CoCrAlY涂层具有更优异的抗氧化效果,在750℃下可达完全抗氧化级。     

利用SiO2中间层提高铝化物涂层的高温防护性能

目的提高TiAl合金的抗高温氧化性能。方法采用料浆法和电沉积法在TiAl合金表面制备Al-SiO_2复合涂层。通过静态空气氧化测试评价复合涂层对TiAl合金抗高温氧化性能的影响,利用X射线衍射仪分析高温氧化前后涂层物相组成,借助扫描电子显微镜分析试样表面和截面微观组织和形貌。结果 1000℃氧化过程中,铝化物涂层具有一定的抗高温氧化性能,氧化100 h后增重为10.44 mg/cm~2。然而其表面仍然出现了淡黄色TiO_2氧化层,并且存在裂纹等缺陷,表面涂层物质在热处理过程中与基体组织发生了大量互扩散。Al-SiO_2复合涂层经过100 h氧化后,表面形貌基本保持不变,未观察到裂纹等缺陷,随着Si O_2中间层沉积时间延长,试样的抗高温氧化性能总体呈现上升趋势。-2 mA/cm~2下电沉积300 s制备的SiO_2涂层抗高温氧化性能显著提高,其氧化增重仅为3.03 mg/cm~2。结论 Al-SiO_2复合涂层能够有效地提高TiAl合金的抗高温氧化性能。     

Formation and behavior of thermal barrier coatings on nickel-base superalloys

Plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) have been used to extend the life of combustors. Electron beam physical vapor deposited (EB-PVD) ceramic coating has been developed for more demanding rotating as well as stationary turbine components. Here 3 kW RF magnetron sputtering equipment was used to gain zirconia ceramic coatings on hollow turbine blades and vanes, which had been deposited NiCrAIY by cathodic arc deposition. NiCrAlY coating surface was treated by shot peening; the effects of shot peening on the residual stress are presented. The results show that RF sputtered TBCs are columnar ceramics, strongly bonded to metal substrates. NiCrAlY bond coat is made of β, γ‘ and Cr phases, ZrO2 ceramic layer consists of t‘ and c phases. No degradation occurs to RF ceramic coatings after 100 h high temperature oxidation at 1150℃ and 500 thermal cycles at 1150℃ for 2 min, air-cooling.     

不同基体前处理对AlCrN涂层结构和性能的影响

目的 通过对基体进行前处理,提高AlCrN涂层的摩擦磨损性能和切削性能.方法 采用不同前处理方法(湿喷砂、干喷砂和微粒子喷丸)对高速钢基体表面进行处理,随后沉积AlCrN涂层,利用X射线衍射以、扫描电子显微镜等仪器,以及切削试验,分析不同前处理方式对涂层组织结构、膜基结合力、表面形貌、表面粗糙度、摩擦磨损性能以及切削性...     

Microstructural Evolution of NiCoCrAlHfYSi and NiCoCrAlTaY Coatings Deposited by AC-HVAF and APS

The chemical composition of NiCoCrAlHfYSi with a suitable particle size, deposited using an activated combustion-high velocity air fuel (AC-HVAF) spray, is a potentially promising process because dense, continuous and pure alumina can be formed on the surface of the MCrAlY metallic coatings after isothermal oxidation exposure. The NiCoCrAlHfYSi (Amdry386) and NiCoCrAlTaY (Amdry997) coatings were produced using AC-HVAF and APS, respectively. Isothermal oxidation was subsequently conducted at 1050 °C in air for 200 h. This paper compares the characteristics of four coated samples, including the surface roughness, elastic modulus, hardness, oxide content, microstructural characteristics and phase evolution of thermally grown oxides (TGO). The growth of both the TGO and alumina scales in the TGO of the HVAF386 coating was relatively rapid. The θ- to α-alumina phase transformation was strongly determined by the Hf and Si dopants in the HVAF386 coating. Finally, the extent of grain refinement and deformation storage energy in the HVAF997 coatings were determined to be significantly crucial for the θ- to α-alumina phase transformation.     

Influence of heat exposure time on isothermal degradation of plasma sprayed CoNiCrAlY coatings

In this work, the thermal degradation behavior of selected CoNiCrAlY coatings has been studied. Emphasis was placed upon the change of oxygen content, porosity, surface roughness, and oxidation behavior. The results show that the isothermal degradation of coatings was considerably influenced by the heat exposure time and powder particle distribution. The values of oxygen content, surface roughness, and TGO scales converge sharply into the stable extremes at the initial stage of heat exposure. The particle size has an effect on the oxygen content in as-sprayed coatings. After heat exposure, the difference of the oxygen content on coating deposited using between the smaller and larger particle was decreased. The cross-sectional porosity decreased at Stage I_P, increased at Stage II_P, and then decreased again. These could be due to the sintering effect at Stage I_P. The surface roughness decreased up to Stage I_R, but over Stage I_R, surface roughness was kept in relatively fixed value or increased slightly. The TGO thickness growth rate and parabolic oxidation rate constant are influenced by the surface roughness of coatings.     

CoCrAlY表面改性后热障涂层高温氧化及热震性能

采用大气等离子喷涂技术（APS）在镍基高温合金表面制备了CoCrAlY粘结层,利用电子束蒸发镀膜在CoCrAlY表面蒸镀纳米铝膜,并使用强流脉冲电子束熔敷纳米铝膜进行表面改性,最后使用APS在表面改性后的CoCrAlY表面沉积陶瓷层制备了热障涂层.在空气环境中对热障涂层进行高温氧化试验和热震试验.结果表明,CoCrAlY表面改性后热障涂层经1 050℃静态空气氧化后,界面处生成的热生长氧化物（TGO）具有较高的连续性和致密性,有效阻碍了氧化的进一步发展且避免尖角型氧化物的形成,提高了热障涂层的抗氧化能力;在1 050℃高温加热后10℃水淬热震条件下,脱落率仅为2%左右.     

Improved cyclic oxidation resistance of electron beam physical vapor deposited nano-oxide dispersed β-NiAl coatings for Hf-containing superalloy

Oxide dispersed (OD) β-NiAl coatings and OD-free β-NiAl coatings were deposited onto a Hf-containing Ni-based superalloy by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). Excessive enrichment of Hf was found in the TGO on the OD-free coating due to outward diffusion of Hf from the superalloy, causing accelerated TGO thickening and spalling. The OD-coating effectively prevented Hf from outward diffusion. Only small amount of Hf diffused to the coating surface and improved the TGO adherence by virtue of the reactive element effect. The OD-coating exhibited an improved oxidation resistance as compared to the OD-free coating.     

Effect of surface condition on the oxidation behaviour of MCrAlY coatings

Coatings of the MCrAlY type (M = Ni, Co) are commonly used as overlay coatings and as bond coats (BC's) for ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBC's) in industrial gas turbines. During high temperature service the MCrAlY coatings form aluminium based surface oxide scales. The technologically most relevant properties of the oxide scales, growth rate and adherence do not only depend on the exact MCrAlY composition but also on the surface condition after coating manufacturing. Depending on the coating manufacturing process, the MCrAlY surfaces may substantially differ in roughness. In addition the coatings may be subjected to surface treatments (e.g. shot peening, grinding or smoothening prior to deposition of TBC). In the present work the effect of the surface roughness commonly prevailing in the case of vacuum plasma sprayed MCrAlY coatings on the morphology and composition of the alumina scales formed during high-temperature oxidation was studied. For this purpose free standing coatings with rough and polished surfaces were oxidised in the temperature range from 800 to 1100 °C with exposure times up to 1000 h. The surface scale composition and morphology were analysed by optical metallography and SEM. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used for stress measurements in the oxide scales. It has been found that the oxide scales formed on rough surfaces of MCrAlY coatings have an intrinsically different morphology and growth rate compared to those formed on the flat ground surfaces.     

不同后处理对AlCrN涂层结构和性能的影响

电弧离子镀制备的Al Cr N涂层表面存在大量的"大颗粒",导致其具有较高的表面粗糙度,进而降低了涂层的摩擦磨损和切削性能。采用不同后处理方法(如离子刻蚀、湿喷砂、干喷砂和微粒子喷丸)对电弧镀Al Cr N涂层表面进行处理,利用XRD、SEM、OM、摩擦磨损以及切削试验分析不同后处理方式对涂层组织结构、表面形貌、表面粗糙度、摩擦磨损以及切削性能的影响。结果显示:不同后处理方法均可有效清除Al Cr N涂层表面颗粒,其中湿喷砂、微粒子喷丸和干喷砂对涂层表面颗粒数目去除效果较好,"大颗粒"分别降低了91.1%、88.5%和86.9%,离子刻蚀后处理次之,颗粒数目降低了21.0%。经处理的Al Cr N涂层的XRD图谱与未处理的涂层相比没有明显变化,均为固溶(Al,Cr) N相,但其衍射峰均向低角度偏移。经过后处理涂层的摩擦因数相比于未处理的涂层均有不同程度降低,涂层磨损方式为磨粒磨损并伴有少量的氧化磨损。Al Cr N涂层刀具经过后处理工艺处理后,切削寿命均有不同程度提高,与未处理涂层刀具相比较经微粒子喷丸、干喷砂、离子刻、湿喷砂后处理的涂层刀具切削寿命分别提高了30%、40%、40%和60%。     

铂铝涂层高温氧化的影响因素研究

研究比较沉积热障涂层和无热障涂层的镍基高温合金铂改性铝化物涂层在900,1000和1100℃空气中高温氧化生成的氧化铝层表面形态和断面结构。发现低铂含量涂层氧化初期热生长层(TGO)表面有放射状裂纹形成和长大,造成氧化铝的局部脱落,并在TGO与铂铝涂层界面形成空洞。涂层900℃循环氧化300h后TGO内部均形成空洞。而在1100℃氧化时,TBC陶瓷层的存在改变了两种铂铝涂层TGO的内应力变化趋势,升高温度使TGO厚度迅速增大,涂层寿命迅速下降。     

Microstructural evolution of CoCrAlY bond coat on Ni-based superalloy DZ 125 at 1050 °C

CoCrAlY alloy has been widely used as metallic protective coatings or the bond coats in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to protect the underlying superalloy from oxidation and hot-corrosion. In this paper, the TBC consisting of yttria stabilized zirconia (7YSZ) ceramic top coat and CoCrAlY bond coat was deposited onto directionally solidified nickel based superalloy DZ 125 by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The microstructural evolution of the bond coat on this superalloy was investigated after thermal exposure for 100 h at 1050 °C. Due to a significant inward diffusion of Al, Co and Cr from the coating and outward diffusion of Ni, Hf, W and Ti from the substrate, the phase transformation from the Co-based Al-rich β-CoAl phase to the Al-deficient γ-CoNi solid solution phase occurred in the bond coat. Simultaneously, a large amount of Ni-based β-NiCoAl phase was present in the bond coat. In addition, the particles containing substrate strengthening elements Hf and/or W are abundant in the thermally grown oxides (TGO) and within the bond coat. The mechanism for the microstructural evolution is discussed.