甲基乙烯基硅橡胶/有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料的制备、结构与性能

采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)/有机蒙脱土母炼胶(OMMT-MB)纳米复合材料,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对复合材料进行了表征,研究了复合材料的拉伸性能与热稳定性能,并与直接共混法制备的MVQ/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)复合材料和MVQ/白炭黑复合材料进行了对比,分析了OMMT的增强机理.结果表明,MVQ/OMMT-MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20%时,MVQ/OMMT-MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ/OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1.41 MPa、490%;其与MVQ/白炭黑复合材料相比,两者的拉伸强度相当,扯断伸长率增大了30%;MVQ/OMMT-MB复合材料的热稳定性略优于MVQ/OMMT复合材料,但比MVQ/白炭黑复合材料差.     

甲基乙烯基硅橡胶／有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料

上海工程技术大学的王锦成等人采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）／有机蒙脱土母炼胶（OMMT—MB）纳米复合材料。MVQ／OMMT—MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20％时,MVQ／OMMT—MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ／OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1．41MPa、490％;     

甲基乙烯基硅橡胶／有机蒙脱土母炼胶纳米复合材料

上海工程技术大学的王锦成等人采用溶液插层法和母炼胶混炼工艺制备了甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（MVQ）／有机蒙脱土母炼胶（OMMT—MB）纳米复合材料。MVQ／OMMT—MB纳米复合材料中的OMMT完全剥离,且均匀分散在MVQ基体中;当OMMT质量分数为20％时,MVQ／OMMT—MB复合材料的拉伸性能优于MVQ／OMMT复合材料,拉伸强度和扯断伸长率分别增大至1．41MPa、490％;     

HOMMT/MVQ纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用超支化技术对有机蒙脱土(OMMT)进行改性制备超支化有机蒙脱土(HOMMT),并制备HOMMT/甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(MVQ)纳米复合材料,对其性能进行研究。结果表明,HOMMT呈剥离纳米片层结构,与OMMT相比,HOMMT耐热性能提高;随着HOMMT用量的增大,HOMMT/MVQ复合材料拉伸强度减小;与MVQ硫化胶相比,当HOMMT用量为1份时,HOMMT/MVQ纳米复合材料拉伸强度提高了28%,拉断伸长率提高了67%,起始降解温度升高了25℃。     

BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

选择实验室自制有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用机械共混法制备了溴化丁基橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶/OMMT(BIIR/EPDM/OMMT)纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)考察了复合材料的亚微观结构,表明成功制备出了BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料;不同OMMT含量的复合材料的力学性能测试结果表明:当OMMT用量为5份时,拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别提高了44%和43%;另外对纳米复合材料的硫化特性及表观交联密度进行了对比分析。     

有机黏土/NR复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用熔体法制备有机黏土/NR复合材料,研究不同有机黏土含量及种类对有机黏土/NR复合材料力学性能的影响。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段考察有机黏土/NR复合材料的微观结构和分散相态。实验结果表明,制得的有机黏土I.44P/NR复合材料为插层型纳米复合材料,且有机黏土I.44P能显著提高有机黏土/NR复合材料的力学性能,当1.44P添加量为3份时,I.44P/NR复合材料拉伸强度提高到23.81 MPa,增加了191%;撕裂强度高达21.38kN/m,提高43.3%。     

PPR/OMMT纳米复合材料的EWF参数与力学性能

以马来酸酐接枝无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR-g-MAH)为相容剂,采用熔融插层法制备了无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,通过对PPR/OMMT纳米复合材料的基本断裂功(EWF)的表征,并结合它们的拉伸性能和冲击强度的测试分析,探讨了PPR/OMMT纳米复合材料的断裂机理和塑性变形机理,以及OMMT用量对PPR断裂强度和拉伸强度的影响;SEM观察揭示了OMMT在PPR基体中的分散性程度随含量的增加变差。结果表明:在PPR-g-MAH的作用下OMMT能有效提高PPR/OMMT的拉伸强度,OMMT质量分数低于4%时,PPR/OMMT纳米复合材料的冲击强度(Gc)、比基本断裂功(we)和塑性变形能力均得到提高。PPR/OMMT纳米复合材料的we和Gc具有相似的变化趋势,且Gc总是大于we。     

BR/炭黑/OMMT纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用溶液插层法与两辊混炼法制备BR/炭黑/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,并对其微观结构和性能进行研究.结果表明,BR/炭黑/OMMT复合材料为插层型纳米复合材料,采用OMMT等量替代炭黑可明显降低胶料的门尼粘度,改善加工性能,提高胶料的硫化速度;OMMT用量不大于4份时可显著增大复合材料的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度.     

OMMT/PU/HTV硅橡胶纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂对钠基蒙脱土进行表面改性,制备有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/PU/热硫化(HTV)硅橡胶纳米复合材料,并对其性能进行研究.试验结果表明,与HTV硅橡胶相比,OMMT/PU/HTV硅橡胶纳米复合材料的热稳定性提高;当OMMT/PU用量为2份时,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率达到最大值.     

BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能

采用机械共混法分别制备了BSBBR(星形支化溴化丁基橡胶)/OMMT(有机蒙脱土)纳米复合材料、BIIR(溴化丁基橡胶)/OMMT纳米复合材料,并着重探讨了OMMT掺量对两者结构和性能的影响。研究结果表明:BSBBR、BIIR中的部分橡胶大分子链可插入至OMMT的片层结构中,并且OMMT可良好分散在BSBBR、BIIR基体中;当w(OMMT)=10%(相对于纳米复合材料质量而言)时,BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料的拉伸强度相对最优,并且比纯BSBBR提高了73%,而且是BIIR/OMMT纳米复合材料的1.35倍;与BIIR/OMMT纳米复合材料相比,BSBBR/OMMT纳米复合材料具有更优异的耐热性和气体阻隔性。     

Preparation,microstructure, and property of silicon rubber/organically modified montmorillonite nanocomposites and silicon rubber/OMMT/fumed silica ternary nanocomposites

Five different types of organically modified montmorillonites (OMMT), including Nanomor® I.30P, I.44P, I.24TL, I.34TCN, and I.31PS, were incorporated into silicone rubber (SiR), respectively, by using a melt‐blending method. The intercalation structure and spatial dispersion of OMMT in the obtained composites were characterized with wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the high‐polar organic intercalants or silane‐coupling agent might play the negative roles in the melt intercalation of SiR into OMMT, and the higher the initial interlayer spacing of the OMMT, the easier the intercalation. The intercalated structure in the SiR/I.44P OMMT nanocomposite has the largest interlayer spacing, and the spatial dispersion of OMMT is also the best. When OMMT loading is low (i.e., less than 10 phr), the dispersion of OMMT is poor. The dispersion of OMMT improves with increasing OMMT dosage, when the loading does not exceed 30 phr. The gas barrier property and the mechanical properties of the SiR are obviously improved by the incorporation of OMMT. The nitrogen gas permeability coefficient of the SiR nanocomposite containing 30 phr OMMT (I.44P) is lower than that of net SiR by 31%. To further improve the dispersion of OMMT in SiR, 20 phr fumed silica (FS) was added to the compound before mixing OMMT for increasing viscosity of the compound and mechanical shearing force during compounding OMMT. The resultant SiR/OMMT/FS ternary nanocomposites exhibit improved dispersion of OMMT and better gas barrier property than the binary counterparts. POLYM. COMPOS., © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

MP/OMMT对脱醇型RTV阻燃硅橡胶性能的影响

以α,ω-二羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷(107硅橡胶)、甲基三乙氧基硅烷、三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)和纳米有机蒙脱土(OMMT)为原料,制备了脱醇型室温硫化(RTV)阻燃硅橡胶。研究了MP/OMMT配比对脱醇型RTV硅橡胶阻燃性能、动态燃烧性能和机械性能、热稳定性的影响,用扫描电镜(SEM)考察了MP、OMMT在RTV硅橡胶中的分散情况。锥形量热仪和极限氧指数测试结果表明,随着OMMT用量的增多和MP用量的减少,硅橡胶的阻燃性能没有显著的变化;热失重分析表明,OMMT的添加使硅橡胶的初始分解温度明显提高,大大提高了硅橡胶燃烧残渣的生成量;机械性能测试表明,OMMT的增多能明显提高硅橡胶的机械性能。与只添加MP的硅橡胶相比,当MP和OMMT各添加20份时,硅橡胶的极限氧指数下降0.6%,初始分解温度提高了95℃,拉伸强度、硬度、撕裂强度分别提高48.6%、4.7%、50.9%;此时的SEM分析表明,OMMT能在硅橡胶中均匀分散,且燃烧残渣表面变得平整、坚硬、致密。即在此配比下硅橡胶能在保持良好阻燃性的同时提高其机械性能。     

OMMT与MPP协效阻燃对硅橡胶性能影响

以三聚氰胺磷酸盐（MPP）、有机蒙脱土（OMMT）为协效阻燃剂制备阻燃硅橡胶。通过x射线衍射（XRD）法、垂直燃烧法、热重法（TG）等研究阻燃硅橡胶分散性、燃烧性能和拉伸性能。结果表明,OMMT与MPP具有明显协同阻燃性;当OMMT用量为3质量份、MPP用量为55质量份时,复合材料有焰燃烧时间最短,阻燃效果最好;OMMT用量为3-5质量份时,复合体系的垂直燃烧性能均可达到FV-0级,残碳率最高,且力学性能较好。     

Preparation of an organomontmorillonite master batch and its application to high‐temperature‐vulcanized silicone‐rubber systems

N,N‐Di(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐N‐dodecyl‐N‐methyl ammonium chloride was used as an intercalation agent to treat Na⁺‐montmorillonite and form a novel type of organic montmorillonite (OMMT). An OMMT master batch (OMMT‐MB) was prepared by solution intercalation and was used in the preparation of high‐temperature‐vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV‐SR)/OMMT‐MB nanocomposites. The properties, such as the tensile and thermal stability, were researched and compared with those of composites directly incorporated with OMMT or aerosilica. A combination of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy studies showed that HTV‐SR/OMMT‐MB composites were on the nanometer scale, and their structure was somewhat hindered by the presence of OMMT. The results showed that the tensile properties of HTV‐SR/OMMT‐MB and HTV‐SR/OMMT systems were better than those of pure HTV‐SR. Compared with those of HTV‐SR/OMMT‐20%, the tensile strength and elongation at break of HTV‐SR/OMMT‐MB‐20% were improved about 1.5 and 0.9 times, respectively. This was probably due to the nanoeffect of the exfoliated silicate layers. Moreover, the tensile strength of HTV‐SR/OMMT‐MB‐20% was nearly equal to that of HTV‐SR/aerosilica‐20%, and the elongation at break even showed much improvement. Additionally, the thermal degradation center temperature of the HTV‐SR/OMMT‐MB‐20% nanocomposite was increased by 30°C compared with that of the HTV‐SR/OMMT‐20% composite. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of intercalation agent on the structure and properties of OMMT and RTV/OMMT composites

Novel room‐temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (RTV)/organic montmorillonite (OMMT) composites have been prepared. Di(2‐oxyethyl)‐12 alkane‐3 methyl‐amine chloride and hydrogen silicone oil were used as intercalation agents to treat Na⁺‐montmorillonite and form two kinds of OMMTs. The structure and properties of OMMT were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The intercalation mechanism of different types of intercalation agents was proposed. RTV/OMMT composites were prepared using these OMMTs. Properties such as viscosity, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal stability were researched and compared. A combination of swelling test, XRD and transmission electronic microscopy studies was used to characterize the structure and reinforcing mechanism of these OMMTs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料的结构及性能研究

通过机械共混法制备了丁腈橡胶/有机蒙脱土（NBR/OMMT）纳米复合材料。运用X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电镜（TEM）表征了复合材料的纳米结构。通过硫化仪研究了有机蒙脱土用量对复合材料硫化性能的影响,同时研究了复合材料的力学性能、热空气老化性、耐油性和热稳定性。结果表明：有机蒙脱土的加入在一定程度上提高了复合材料的力学性能、热空气老化性、耐油性及热稳定性,而且对复合材料的硫化性能有明显的影响。     

Preparation,morphology, and properties of organo‐montmorillonite/nitrile butadiene rubber nanocomposites

Organo‐montmorillonite/nitrile butadiene rubber (OMMT/NBR) nanocomposites were prepared by co‐coagulating process, and then were combined with rubber ingredient and vulcanized by traditional rubber mixing procedure. The SEM micrographs of the nanocomposites showed uniform dispersion of the OMMT particles in NBR. The ATR‐FTIR spectra illustrated the existence of montmorillonite in the nanocomposites. The XRD patterns further indicated the structure of nanocomposites, and confirmed an effective intercalation of NBR in the interlayer space of the OMMT. Moreover, the tensile strength and elongation at break of nanocomposites tended to increased rapidly with increasing OMMT loading, due to the reinforcing properties of OMMT to NBR. In addition, the TGA and DTA curves demonstrated the thermal performance of the nanocomposites enhanced. Furthermore, the addition of OMMT accelerated the vulcanization process. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1809–1815, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

BIIR/OMMT纳米复合材料的阻透性能和耐寒性能

采用机械混炼法制备了溴化丁基橡胶/有机蒙脱土(BIIR/OMMT)纳米复合材料,采用SEM和XRD对其亚微观结构进行了表征,并对其耐寒性能和阻透性能进行了研究。实验结果表明:OMMT片层以剥离状态分散于BIIR基体中;添加OMMT之后,BIIR的交联密度明显提高;OMMT能够略微降低BIIR的耐寒性能;OMMT片层具有优异的阻透效应,能够明显提高BIIR的热稳定性能和耐油性能。     

Study on Polyurethane/MDI-Modified-Organic Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Polyurethane (PU)/MDI-modified-organic montmorillonite (MOMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization and intercalation technology. Compared with that of organic montmorillonite (OMMT), the interlayer spacing of MOMMT was increased from 1.50 nm to 2.05 nm because MDI was grafted on the surface of the silicate layers through reaction between MDI and -OH. The dispersion of silicate layers in PU/MOMMT nanocomposites was better than that of silicate layers in PU/OMMT nanocomposites. Compared with those of PU/OMMT nanocomposites, the tensile strength and tear strength of PU/MOMMT nanocomposites were increased, and the MOMMT showed a higher stiffened effect. Because of the improvement of the dispersion and interfacial interaction, the temperature of initial weight loss of PU/MOMMT nanocomposites was higher than that of PU/OMMT nanocomposites, so PU/MOMMT nanocomposites had better thermal stability.