改性石墨烯/粘土/天然橡胶纳米复合材料的结构与性能

大量研究表明,纳米填料的表面效应、大的比表面积以及纳米粒子本身对基体的强界面效应对橡胶纳米复合材料性能的提升具有极大的帮助。本研究以天然橡胶(NR)为基体材料,采用乳液法制备石墨烯/粘土/NR纳米复合材料。讨论了石墨烯、粘土的用量对复合材料的物理机械性能的影响。结果表明,当粘土用量为3.0 phr时,随着石墨烯添加量的增加,石墨烯/粘土/NR纳米复合材料的力学性能和耐磨性先升高,然后略有下降。当石墨烯添加量为1.0 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度提高了33.3%,而阿克隆磨耗体积下降了22.7%。     

碳纳米管/碳纤维增强聚苯硫醚复合材料研究

研究了采用碳纤维(CF)和碳纳米管(CNTs)增强聚苯硫醚(PPS)的力学性能和导电性能。实验分别采用CF和CNTs为添加剂,通过球磨混合后在平板硫化机上进行模压成型,制备出CF/PPS、CNTs/PPS和CNTs/CFPPS/复合材料。采用万能试验机测试复合材料的拉伸性能;采用数字式四探针测试仪测试材料的电导率。实验研究了CF和CNTs含量对其复合材料的导电性能和力学性能的影响,并进一步研究同时添加CF和CNTs对复合材料增强作用。通过分析复合材料的导电性能和力学性能,分别得出CF含量为20%、CNTs含量为15%时复合材料的力学性能和导电性能较理想。采用CF和CNTs同时增强PPS时,当CF添加16%、CNTs添加4%时,CNTs/CF/PPS复合材料性能较好。此外,对CF和CNTs增强机制进行初步讨论。     

碳纤维/天然橡胶复合材料的性能研究

研究碳纤维(CF)用量对CF/天然橡胶复合材料的加工性能、硫化特性、物理性能、导电性能、导热性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加3份CF的硫化胶物理性能较好;添加15份CF的硫化胶体积电阻率比未添加CF的硫化胶小3个数量级,热导率增大约21%;随着CF用量增大,硫化胶的抗湿滑性能提高,滚动阻力增大。     

短切碳纤维增强天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能研究

用聚丙烯腈短切碳纤维(Carbon fiber,简称CF)作为增强剂,天然橡胶(NR)与丁苯橡胶(SBR)作为基相制备了CF/NR/SBR橡胶复合材料,研究了短切碳纤维用量对CF/NR/SBR复合材料的硫化特性、拉伸强度、邵尔硬度、撕裂强度、阿克隆磨耗及导热系数等性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着CF用量的增加,复合材料拉伸强度逐渐减小,最大损失量达到16%,复合材料的硬度逐渐增大,最大增加量达到36%;复合材料的撕裂强度先增加后降低,在碳纤维用量为5份时达到最大值,最大增加量达到37%;复合材料的导热性能逐渐提高,最大增加量达到43%。     

碳纤维/天然橡胶复合材料性能的研究

以高性能的碳纤维(CF)作为天然橡胶(NR)的增强材料,制备了NR/CF橡胶复合材料。通过力学性能,扫描电镜,门尼粘度等测试,确定CF最佳添加量。结果表明,为获得最佳力学性能配方为:NR为100份,CF为75份,石蜡油30份,硬脂酸0.75份,活性陶土2.5份,活性剂NOBS1.5份,硫磺1.3份,氧化锌2份,所用固化条件为:固化温度165℃,固化压力10 MPa,硫化时间10 min。通过SEM分析可知,CF和NR的混合相容性很好。     

石墨烯纳米片对碳纤维/聚丙烯复合材料导热及力学性能的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/石墨烯纳米片(GNSs)/碳纤维(CF)复合材料,研究了石墨烯纳米片含量对其导热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,石墨烯纳米片和碳纤维混合使用,不仅对导热有明显的协同作用,力学性能也有一定提升。PP/GNSs(3 phr)/CF(2 phr)复合材料热导率为0. 42 W/(m·K),相对于纯PP、PP/GNSs(3 phr)复合材料分别提高了110%、31%;该复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最大相对于纯PP提高了12%和13%,相对于PP/CF(2 phr)复合材料提高了8%和12%。     

高流动性碳纤维增强尼龙66的制备与性能

以尼龙66为基体材料,添加碳纤维、增韧剂、流动改性剂等相关功能助剂,通过双螺杆挤出机制备了碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料,采用注塑工艺制备了碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的标准试样,研究了碳纤维及流动改性剂含量对复合材料力学性能和熔体流动性能的影响。结果表明,提升碳纤维含量可以大幅度提高碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的力学性能,当碳纤维质量分数为35%时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到251 MPa,比纯尼龙66树脂提高了210%,弯曲强度由纯树脂的72 MPa提高到358 MPa,提高了397%,缺口冲击强度提高了178%,达到22 kJ/m~2。通过加入流动改性剂可以提高碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的熔体流动速率(MFR),并且不影响复合材料的力学性能,当流动改性剂的质量分数为1%时,碳纤维质量分数为25%的复合材料的MFR达到16.1 g/(10 min),比未添加流动改性剂时提高了193%,碳纤维质量分数为35%的复合材料的MFR为15.5 g/(10 min),比未添加流动改性剂时提高了319%。     

高导电镀银粒子/硅橡胶复合材料的制备研究

以自制玻璃微珠/银复合粒子作为导电填料、硅橡胶作为基胶,制备出具有高导电性能的硅橡胶复合材料,研究了导电复合粒子的添加量对橡胶复合材料物理性能和导电性能的影响。结果表明:自制玻璃微珠/银复合粒子的体积电阻率为3.14×10-4Ω.cm,导电性能优良;随着复合粒子添加量的增加,硅橡胶复合材料的导电性能和邵尔A硬度增加,但其它力学性能却呈下降趋势。当复合粒子的添加量为300phr时,硅橡胶复合材料的体积电阻率达到0.009Ω.cm,表现出优良的导电性能。     

环氧化天然橡胶对天然橡胶/炭黑复合材料的改性作用

采用环氧化天然橡胶(ENR)作为界面改性剂,研究其用量对天然橡胶(NR)/炭黑复合材料加工性能、动态力学性能和物理性能的影响。结果表明:少量ENR可以改善NR/炭黑复合材料的加工性能,改善炭黑粒子在橡胶基体中的分散,提高结合胶质量分数,同时改善硫化胶的动态力学性能、物理性能和耐老化性能。当改性剂ENR用量为3~4.5份时,NR/炭黑复合材料的综合性能最佳。橡胶加工分析和动态力学分析结果表明,ENR能够显著提高NR/炭黑复合材料的抗湿滑性能,但滚动阻力略有增大。     

EP/BMI树脂基碳纤维复合材料的制备与性能表征

以环氧树脂(EP)、双马来酰亚胺(BMI)、4,4’-二氨基二苯砜(DDS)和短切碳纤维(SCF)等为主要原料制备了EP/BMI/DDS/SCF复合材料,并研究了SCF添加量对复合材料力学性能和热性能的影响。结果表明,当SCF添加量为0.25 %(质量分数,下同)时,EP/BMI/DDS/SCF复合材料的力学性能提高最大,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和缺口冲击强度比未添加SCF时的EP/BMI/DDS复合材料分别提高了48.52 %、32.15 %、25.77 %以及150.91 %;此外,SCF的加入有助于提高复合材料的热性能。     

Effect of borax on the thermal and mechanical properties of ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer rubber‐based heat insulator

The effect of Borax on the mechanical and ablation properties of three different ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM) compounds containing 20 phr carbon fiber, 20 phr Kevlar or 10 phr/ 10 phr carbon fiber/ Kevlar was investigated. All formulations contained 30 phr fumed silica powder and 10 phr paraffinic oil. It was found that adding Borax to the composite samples containing carbon fiber or Kevlar fiber or their mixture with an equal ratio can increase the tensile strength, elastic modulus and hardness with a slightly decrease in the elongation at break of the rubber samples. The results of thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) on the various samples showed significant increase in the char yield at 670°C by adding Borax to the rubber compounds. Moreover, ablation resistance of samples was also improved by increasing Borax content. Meanwhile, density and thermal conductivity of the insulator were also reduced up to about 10% when the carbon fiber was replaced with the Borax. The results indicated that composites containing Kevlar have high storage modulus and produce compact and stable char. EPDM rubber composite containing Borax (20 phr), carbon fiber (10 phr), and Kevlar (10 phr) showed thermal and ablative properties comparable with those of the asbestos‐ filled EPDM. The thermal conductivity and ablation rate of the above‐ mentioned sample were 0.287 W/m/K and 0.13 mm/s respectively. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41936.     

氧化铝及碳纤维对EPDM/MVQ共混胶性能的影响

选用EPDM/MVQ共混胶为基体,研究了氧化铝、碳纤维/氧化铝对EPDM/MVQ共混胶力学性能、导热性能及导电性能的影响。结果表明,随着氧化铝用量的增加,共混胶的力学性能下降,导热性能增加,电阻变化不大;当氧化铝用量为200份时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到4.5MPa,导热系数达到1.1W/(m·k),选用氧化铝/碳纤维混合填料体系,当氧化铝和碳纤维的用量分别为100份和15份时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到4.8MPa,导热系数达到0.66 W/(m·k)。     

Effect of KH550 on the Preparation and Compatibility of Carbon Fibers Reinforced Silicone Rubber Composites

Silicone rubber has good heat resistance, but its mechanical properties are poor. To improve the mechanical properties of the silicone rubber, the carbon fiber / silicone rubber composites were prepared in this paper, in which the silicone rubber was used as the matrix, the high-performance carbon fiber (CF) treated with coupling agent is used as the reinforcement. The best composite formulation, the types and content of coupling agent are determined by testing mechanical properties of the composites. The morphology structures of the composites were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), the compatibility between carbon fiber and silicone rubber was studied by infrared spectrum analysis (IR), dynamic thermal mechanical analysis (DMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the best composite formulation is silicone rubber of 100 phr, carbon fiber of 12 phr, coupling agent KH550 of 2.5 phr. The best first curing conditions are at 175 ^°C under 10 MPa for 30 min, the postcuring conditions are at 200 ^°C for 2h. The compatibility between carbon fiber treated with KH550 and silicon rubber is the best by SEM, IR, DMA and XPS analysis, and confirm that the coupling agent KH550 plays a compatilizer role in the preparation process of the carbon fiber/silicone rubber composites.     

线形低密度聚乙烯/碳纤维复合材料的热导率

用模压方式制备了线形低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD)/CF(CF)复合材料,研究了CF表面偶联剂处理、分散方式及含量对复合材料热导率的影响。结果表明,用偶联剂处理过的CF填充PE-LLD复合材料热导率提高。用超声分散法制备的试样热导率优于球磨混合法和熔融混炼法制备的试样。随着CF含量的增加,PE-LLD/CF复合材料热导率提高,同时保持了良好的力学性能。当CF含量为10 %（质量分数,下同）时,用超声分散法制备的复合材料热导率达1.4 W/(m·K),是纯PE-LLD的6倍多。     

SiC/Al2O3/MVQ导热复合材料的制备与性能研究

分别使用碳化硅(SiC)、氧化铝(Al2O3)和SiC/Al2O3复配物制备了导热甲基乙烯基硅橡胶材料(MVQ),研究了SiC,Al2O3和SiC/Al2O3用量及表面改性对MVQ导热系数和力学性能的影响,结果表明,随导热填料用量的增大,MVQ导热系数增大;同等用量下,SiC/Al2O3/MVQ复合材料的导热性能均优于SiC/MVQ和Al2O3/MVQ;当SiC/Al2O3总用量为50份且SiC/Al2O3质量比为3/1时,复合材料导热系数为0.76 W/mK;随SC/Al2O3用量的增加,拉伸强度与拉断伸长率均降低,邵尔A硬度增大.表面处理后,复合材料导热性能得到进一步改善.     

碳纤维的表面改性对导热顺丁橡胶性能的影响

研究了碳纤维的表面改性方法对碳纤维/顺丁橡胶(BR)复合材料的硫化特性、门尼粘度、导热性能和力学性能的影响.实验结果表明,碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料与顺丁橡胶空白样相比,其硫化速度、导热系数与力学性能都有明显的提高.而碳纤维的表面改性对碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料的硫化特性数据、门尼粘度和导热系数影响并不明显,加入碳纤维后的未改性的碳纤维/顺丁橡胶复合材料的导热性能最佳,其导热系数为0.527 W/(m·K),为顺丁橡胶空白样的1.7倍;经过高温氧化后碳纤维填充复合材料力学性能有所提高,其拉伸强度为2.39 MPa.     

Studies on electrically conductive composites of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber and steel fibers

Electrically conductive composites comprised of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber and steel fibers were prepared by an open mill mixing method. Fibers of two distinctly different lengths (5 mm and several meters) were used and the influence of these fibers on electrical conductivity, mechanical, thermal, and physical properties of the composites was investigated. Composites with different compositions were prepared by varying the loading levels of fibers from 20–100 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber). Homogeneity of the composites was determined using scanning electron microscopy. Further analysis included the measurement of resistance, hardness, tensile strength, tear strength, rebound resilience, etc. The results of the analysis revealed that the addition of steel fibers rendered conductivity to the otherwise insulating EPDM rubber even at small loading levels, however, the length appears to have negligible effect on conductivity. In case of short fibers, the resistance of composites was observed to decrease from > 40 MΩ (Initial value of EPDM rubber) to 25 KΩ at a loading level of 20 phr with a further significant decrease of the order of 10³, that is around 18 Ω at 100 phr. Composites with long fibers exhibited resistance in the range of 15 kΩ–70 Ω at loading levels between 30 and 100 phr. The conductivity of the sample is observed to be altered negligibly on ageing. Mechanical properties such as hardness, tensile, and tear strength were observed to be enhanced in case of composites except resilience which decreased by 29 % in comparison to EPDM rubber. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

短切碳纤维及碳纤维布增强硅橡胶复合材料的制备及力学性能

将短切碳纤维(CF)、白炭黑和甲基乙烯基硅橡胶(VMQ)共混后,与碳纤维布(CFC)复合制备VMQ复合材料.考察了CFC层数对复合材料的拉伸性能、邵尔A硬度、耐磨性能及动态力学性能的影响.结果表明,随着CFC层数的增加,复合材料的扯断伸长率基本不变,拉伸强度逐渐升高.与仅添加10份(质量,下同)CF的复合材料相比,加入...     

加成型导热电子灌封硅橡胶的研究

以α,ω-二乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基胶,配合石英粉、氧化铝、含氢硅油、Pt催化剂等,制成加成型导热电子灌封硅橡胶.研究了导热填料及其用量对加成型导热电子灌封硅橡胶性能的影响.结果表明,石英粉与氧化铝填料都可以提高液体硅橡胶的导热性能,但是随着填料的粒径增大,硅橡胶的机械性能逐渐下降;对比两种导热填料,石英粉体系液体硅橡...     

Structure and properties of hollow carbon black and filled rubber nanocomposites

Abstract

Hollow carbon black (HCB) is introduced in this work. It has a special hollow structure, high specific surface area, high structure and high electric conductivity. Hollow carbon black is used to fill styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR). The bound rubber test results show that the bound rubber of SBR/HCB can be measured when the HCB content reaches 25 phr because a strong filler network is formed, which indicates good electric conductivity of SBR/HCB. In comparison, the bound rubber of SBR/N330 can not be measured even when the N330 content is 40 phr. The mechanical measurements show that HCB has very good reinforcing effect on SBR especially when the filler content is low. The electric conductivity and thermal conductivity increase with the increase in filler content. At the same filler content, the properties of SBR/HCB nanocomposites are better than those of SBR/N330 nanocomposites, which suggests that HCB has good application potential.