Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre

In order to realize the photocatalysis of TiO2 in the sunlight and directly apply it to waste water treatment, the Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre was synthesized using two-step synthesis method as follows： Firstly, potassium carbonate, titanium dioxide and proper gadolinium oxide （dopant） were calcined in the muffle at high temperature and the doped gadolinium K2Ti4O9 fibres were obtained; secondly, the fibre was heated using glycerol as solvent until Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibres were obtained. The synthesized samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre heat-treated by glycerol solvent can inhibit the agglomeration, so the grain diameter of the fibre is smaller than that without heat-treated with glycerol. Meanwhile, the diameter of the fibre decreases with the increase of the heating temperature and time. 97%- 98% of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre is anatase. The photocatalysis results showed that the photocatalysis activity of Gd-doped TiO2 nanofibre is just a little lower than that of TiO2 powder.     

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO_2 nanocrystals

N-doped TiO_2 nanocrystals were prepared using titanium alkoxide as precipitant with different proportional materials. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. It is confirmed experimentally that the photocatalytic activity of N-doped TiO_2 is much higher than that of Degussa P25, when used for the degradation of crystal violet.The degradation kinetics follows an apparent first-order reaction,which is consistent with a generally observed Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. The doping of TiO_2 with nitrogen significantly increases the absorption in the region of visible light. The energy of the band gap of N-doped TiO_2 is 2.92 eV. The better performante of N-doped TiO_2 can be explained by the fact that it is also excited with longer-wavelength light.     

载银TiO2/沸石催化剂的制备、表征以及光催化性能的研究

为获得高活性的负载型TiO2光催化剂，通过硝酸银溶液浸渍-紫外光照的方法获得载银的TiO2/沸石催化剂.银改 性的TiO2/沸石催化剂光催化性能较改性前大大提高.最佳硝酸银浸渍液浓度为10-3mol/L,此时该催化剂的光催化性能接 近纳米TiO2粉末（Degussa P25）,但进一步升高硝酸银浸渍液浓度，光催化性能又降低.实验通过X-射线衍射（XRD）和 透射电镜（TEM）对载银TiO2/沸石催化剂的表征,结果表明,金属银对电子的捕获使得电子-空穴对有效分离， 从而使银 改性光催化剂的活性提高.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of Cu^2＋-doped TiO2/SiO2

Cu2+-doped nanostructured TiO2-coated SiO2. (TiO2./SiO2) particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly technique and their photocatalytic property was studied. TiO2 colloids were synthesized by the sol-gel method using TiOSO4 as a precursor. The experimental results showed that TiO2 nanopowders on the surface of SiO2 particles were well distributed and compact. The amount of TiO2 increased with the increase in coating layers. The shell structure appeared to be composed of anatase titania nanocrystals at 550℃. The 2-layer coated TiO2 particles on the surface showed a higher degradation rate compared with all the dif-ferent-layer samples. The photocatalytic activity of Cu2+-doped TiO2/SiO2 was higher than that of undoped TiO2/SiO2. The optimum dopant content was about 0.10wt%.     

Mn~(2+)掺杂对纳米TiO_2薄膜光催化活性的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Mn2+掺杂的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,进行甲醛的光催化实验,考察Mn2+掺杂量、薄膜焙烧温度、溶胶体系pH值及薄膜厚度对光催化性能的影响.结果表明,Mn2+掺杂量为1.0%,焙烧温度500℃1 h,加硝酸溶胶体系pH=4,镀膜5层时,Mn2+掺杂TiO2薄膜光催化活性最高.150 min后甲醛降解率达79%,是单纯TiO2薄膜的1.4倍.     

玻璃表面TiO2薄膜对附着油酸的光催化分解

选用油酸作为光催化降解物质,采用的ＴｉＯ２膜是以钛酸丁脂为原料,在玻璃表面上用溶液－凝胶的方法镀制而成。利用毛细管粘度计、激光椭圆偏振光测厚仪、分光光度计和高效液相色谱仪研究了镀膜层数、热处理制度对附着油酸光催化分解的影响,得出了制膜的最适宜粘度和旋转转数,光催化降解油酸的最佳镀膜层数、薄膜热处理温度等参数。     

Preparation of TiO2 photocatalyst loaded with V2O5 for O2 evolution

TiO₂ photocatalysts loaded with V₂O₅ were prepared via a modified hydrolysis process, and characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectra and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectra measurements. The photocatalytic activity of V₂O₅/TiO₂ was investigated by employing splitting of water for O₂ evolution. The results indicate that V₂O₅ loading can pronouncedly improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ with Fe³⁺ as an electron acceptor under UV or visible light irradiation. The optimum mass fraction of the loaded V₂O₅ is 8%, and the largest speed of O₂ evolution for 8%V₂O₅ (mass fraction) loaded TiO₂ catalyst is 118.2 μmol/(L·h) under UV irradiation, and 83.7 μmol/(L·h) under visible light irradiation.     

Au改性TiO2纳米粒子的制备及其光催化活性

以自制的TiO：纳米粒子为前驱物,利用浸渍法制备了表面修饰Au的TiO2纳米粒子,并利用TGDTA、XRD和TEN等手段对样品进行了表征．以光催化降解苯酚为模型反应,考察了焙烧温度和表面修饰Au的量对Au／TiO2纳米粒子光催化活性的影响．结果表明：Au以原子簇形式沉积在TiO2纳米粒子表面;在实验条件下,表面修饰量ω(Au)=0．5％,焙烧温度为500℃时,Au／TiO2纳米粒子样品具有最佳的光催化活性．     

La掺杂混晶TiO2薄膜的制备及光催化活性

为提高TiO2的光催化降解性能,达到利用光能降解环境污染物的目的,对TiO2光催化剂进行了掺杂改性研究.通过在氟钛酸铵、硼酸混合溶液中加入硝酸镧,应用液相沉积法(LPD)制备了掺镧TiO2复合薄膜.采用XRD、UV-Vis、XPS、SEM等手段对TiO2薄膜的组成、结构和表面形貌进行了测试表征,并以甲基橙溶液的降解反应...     

纳米粒子TiO2/Ti膜的制备及其光催化活性

以钛酸四丁酯为原料，利用溶胶－凝胶方法制备了纳米粒子TiO2/Ti膜。TG－DTA、XRD、TEM和SEM的测试表明：纳米粒子经历了无定型向锐钛矿和锐钛矿向金红石相转变两个过程，而焙烧温度为600℃时，TiO2纳米粒子具有与国际商品P－25型TiO2粒子相类似的组成、结构、形貌和粒子尺寸。考虑TiO2粒子性质及与基体Ti片的结合能力，焙烧温度对基体Ti片的影响和纳米粒子TiO2/Ti膜表面形貌等因素，确定600℃是制备纳米粒子TiO2/Ti膜光催化剂的最合适的焙烧温度。另外，以光催化降解苯酚为模型反应，考察了焙烧温度对纳米粒子TiO2/Ti膜催化活性的影响，并初步地探讨了光催化降解苯酚反应的动力学。结果表明，600℃焙烧的TiO2纳米粒子膜具有最高的光催化活性，而光催化降解反应为准一级动力学反应。     

Fe3+-TiO2/SiO2气相光催化降解乙醛反应动力学研究

用浸渍法制备了Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型光催化剂,并进行了光催化降解气相中乙醛的实验和动力学研究．结果表明,Fe^3 掺杂量(nFe3 ／nTi4)为0．5％时光催化降解乙醛的效率最高;水气的存在提高了Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型催化剂的光催化活性,但使Fe^3 -TiO2纳米粉的光催化活性降低;O2的存在使Fe^3 -TiO2纳米粉和Fe^3 -TiO2／SiO2负载型催化剂的催化活性均有所降低;光强减弱使乙醛降解率下降,反应速率与光强之间呈近似线性关系;光催化降解气相中乙醛的动力学可以用Langrauir-Hinshelwood动力学方程描述．     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped TiO_2 by TiCl_4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis

(La, N) co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were synthesized using TiCl4 sol-gel autoigniting synthesis (SAS) starting from a complex compound system of TiCl4-La(NO3)3-citric acid-NH4NO3-NH3?H2O, in which the (La, N) co-doped process was accom- plished in the formation of TiO2 nanocrystals. The prepared samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra. The results indicated that nitrogen and lanthanum were incorporated into the lattice and interstices of titania nanocrystals, which resulted in narrowing the band gap and promoting the sepa- ration of photoexcited hole-electron pairs, respectively, and showing expected red-shifts and enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light. The mechanism on nitrogen doping and enhancement in photocatalytic activity of (La, N) co-doped titania by SAS was discussed in detail.     

离子掺杂和氢气氛处理对TiO2光催化性能的影响

研究了过渡金属离子、稀土金属离子或N、C阴离子对TiO2掺杂,以及在氢气氛条件下处理TiO2,使其具有可见光光催化活性.过渡金属离子掺杂,可在TiO2晶格中引入缺陷,促进电子-空穴的分离或复合;稀土金属掺杂有利于提高TiO2的光催化活性,光催化活性的增加可能是由于稀土金属掺杂,增加了TiO2对污染物的吸附、促进了TiO2红移到较高的波长,以及其表面电子迁移速率的增加阻止了电子-空穴复合;C、N阴离子掺杂或在氢气氛条件下对TiO2进行处理,可能会产生TiO2-xCx、TiO2-xNx、TiO2-x等半导体,晶体颜色由浅变深,促进对光吸收波长的红移,有利于可见光催化活性的提高.     

Ti O2／Si O2复合光催化剂制备工艺参数优化及其表征

先以无机钛盐、硅酸盐为原料制取聚合硅酸硫酸钛,再通过液相水解法制得TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂,并用SE M、X R D、BE T和甲基橙脱色率对复合光催化剂进行表征. 结果表明,TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂制备优化工艺参数为：Ti（S O4）2作钛源、Ti/Si摩尔比为12 ： 1、水解反应p H值为6、煅烧温度为650oС,以此条件制备的复合光催化剂对甲基橙脱色率可达98 .6 %以上;TiO2/SiO2复合光催化剂为一种分散均匀的纳米级球形颗粒,其成分为以锐钛矿为主的TiO2,SiO2的复合有效抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长,同时提高了TiO2的热稳定性.     

磁性纳米TiO_2粉体的制备

使用自制的高强度机械搅拌反应器,通过两种不同的方案制备了磁性纳米TiO_2粉体。通过X射线衍射图谱对其晶体结构进行分析,透射电镜观测纳米粒子的粒径和分散性,VSM图比较它们的磁性能。结果表明：在本实验条件下,将Fe_3O_4混合于氨水溶液中,与Ticl,溶液反应后通过冷冻干燥的方法得到的磁性纳米TiO_2粉体纯度高,粉体分散性好,粒径分布范围窄,并且具有较好的超顺磁性。     

关于二氧化钛薄膜的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备固定相为玻璃的负载型二氧化钛薄膜光催化剂，用UV-Vis、DTA等方法对二氧化钛进行表征，分析了二氧化钛薄膜浸渍一提拉次数和厚度的关系，以及薄膜厚度、煅烧温度对光催化活性的影响。     

多级孔结构TiO_2微球光催化剂的制备及其性能研究

采用模板-超声-水热过程,制备出了性能良好的多级结构TiO2微球。该过程的最佳工艺条件为:乙醇中水浓度为10%(V/V)n,(H2O)/n(Ti)≈5,n(Ti)/n(P123)≈46,超声作用时间为90 min,水热定型处理后煅烧温度约为400℃。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、N2吸附仪和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对制备的TiO2微球样品进行了表征,表明该光催化材料主要为具有多级结构的TiO2微球,其比表面积达185 m2/g,晶相中锐钛型/金红石≈7∶3。样品的实际光催化效率是商业化P25催化剂的3.5倍以上,在实际废水处理领域具有较好应用前景。     

光催化微O3氧化饮用水中腐殖质研究

研究了以光催化微臭氧氧化为主体的光化学激发氧化技术,以粉末状二氧化钛(TiO2)为催化剂,对水中腐殖酸进行了光催化氧化研究.探讨了微量O3对腐殖酸的氧化作用,结果表明利用光催化微臭氧氧化法能有效地去除水中腐殖酸.同时对UV/O3、UV/TiO2/空气、UV/TiO2/O3、UV/TiO2/微O34种不同工艺处理微污染水中腐殖酸的结果进行了比较,结果表明UV/TiO2/空气工艺对微污染水中腐殖酸的去除率最低,UV/TiO2/微O3工艺经2 h处理去除率可达70%以上,接近光催化臭氧氧化处理结果.     

TiO_2光催化降解甲基橙性能的研究

用工业级TiO2(110℃干燥的产品)经焙烧后得到晶粒尺寸为15-30 nm(锐钛矿为主)的二氧化钛纳米光催化剂。用甲基橙降解脱色为模型反应,结合XRD、BET、UV-Vis等表征手段,考察了TiO2焙烧条件与晶粒尺寸和相结构的关系及相应的光催化活性。实验结果表明,锐钛矿的含量为96.7%,晶粒尺寸为24.4 nm时,TiO2光催化降解甲基橙的活性最好。当催化剂用量为0.6 g.L-1,甲基橙溶液质量浓度为20 mg.L-1,pH为3时;光催化反应20 min后,甲基橙的脱色率达到95.60%,CODMn的降解率为72.33%。     

离子液体中TiO_2-SiO_2复合气凝胶的制备

采用溶胶-凝胶法,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和钛酸丁酯(TBT)为硅源和钛源,以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([HMIM]Br)为模板剂,常压干燥制备了块状TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶。通过SEM、TEM、XRD、FT-IR及N2吸附-脱附法对复合气凝胶的结构进行了表征,并对其光催化性能进行相关研究。制备的n(Ti)∶n(Si)∶n(ILs)=2∶1∶0.5的TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶具有多孔结构,其孔径为3.216nm,孔体积为0.418cm3/g,比表面积为519.4m2/g,且对罗丹明B的光降解性能明显高于P25。