改善氯丁胶的贮存稳定性及焦烧性能

氯丁橡胶具有优良的使用性能,但生胶的贮存稳定性差,加工过程易焦烧,从而影响了它的应用。所以,如何改善氯丁橡胶的贮存稳定性及焦烧性能,是十分重要的问题。 影响生胶稳定性的主要因素 影响生胶稳定性的因素很多,如干燥方式,尤其是干燥温度对贮存稳定性有明显影     

贯叶金丝桃(贯叶连翘)研究进展

介绍了贯叶金丝桃的植物形态及分布,化学成分及分布规律,采集、干燥、加工、贮存及质量标准,药理及临床应用,国外管理现状等五方面的情况。     

湿熄焦炭干燥新技术

开创性地将环形风道、十字风道及中央布气装置应用于焦炭贮仓，使气流从周边风环及中央风帽均匀向仓内布气，提高焦炭的干燥效果。以焦炭贮存干燥一体仓为核心，提出一种湿熄焦炭干燥新工艺，为焦炭用户提供了一条降本增效的途径。     

流态化及缓苏干燥技术对泰国香稻的香味和磨粉品质的影响

将高温（〉100。C）流态化干燥和缓苏相结合干燥泰国香稻（KhaoDawkMali105，籼稻），使其湿含量降至13-14％（湿基），以便于安全贮存。研究了干燥与贮存过程对籼米香味和磨粉品质的影响。泰国香稻需要经过两个干燥阶段。第一阶段是在高温流化床中干燥，缓苏30分钟，然后返回高温流化床干燥或阴干，直至湿含量降低到安全贮存水平。实验结果表明，干燥温度对香稻的整精米率（HRY）、白度指数（wI）和2AP含量均有影响。多数干燥温度下整精米率的水平都比较低，但150℃除外，此情况下整精米率（psO．05）显著提高。然而，当一次流态化干燥和缓苏之后，以阴干代替二次流态化干燥，香稻的整精米率显著增加，尤其是在135℃和50℃时（p≤O．05）。在贮存期间，白度指数和2AP舍量显著降低（ps0．05），而整精米率保持不变。对比环境温度（28．30℃）和15℃贮存温度，结果表明保持香米2AP舍量和白度指数的适宜保存温度是15℃。然而贮存条件对整精米率影响不大（p〉0．05）。本研究将有益于泰国香米行业的发展，为泰国香米的干燥起到指导性作用。     

改进淀粉粘合剂干燥速度探讨

采用聚乙烯醇及钠基膨润土等原料做催干剂 ,不仅能大大减少玉米淀粉粘合剂的干燥时间 ,而且不影响粘合剂的贮存     

贯叶金丝桃（贯叶连翘）研究进展

介绍了贯叶金丝桃的植物形态及分化,化学成分及分布规律,采集,干燥,加工,贮存及质量标准,药理及临床应用,国外管理现状等五方面的情况。     

菊粉生产新技术研究进展

菊粉因其在食品及生理上的功能特性,近些年来倍受关注.在西方发达国家已经得到广泛应用,国内逐渐兴起.本文综述了近几年来在菊粉生产技术方面的研究成果,包括新鲜菊芋的保藏方法、热水浸提工艺的优化、脱色过程的最新应用成果、浓缩过程的优化以及干燥方法的选择.简单介绍了菊粉的功能以及国内外加工的现状.     

菊芋对四川泡菜储藏期间品质变化影响的研究

菊芋富含氨基酸、糖分和维生素,多用来腌制咸菜或制成泡菜。以市售菊芋、白菜、萝卜为原料在食盐浓度为6%、自然发酵条件下的含菊芋的泡菜和不含菊芋的泡菜进行比较实验,实验结果表明:添加菊芋对泡菜pH值、总酸度影响不大,明显增加了亚硝酸盐和氨态氮含量。     

湿固化快干耐磨聚氨酯亮漆

本文报道了一种新颖的单组分湿固化贮存稳定的聚氨酯清漆，其突出的特点是克服了湿固化聚氨酯漆干燥慢特别是环境温度低于５℃时长期不干的缺点，很好地解决了快与贮存稳定的矛盾。该漆漆膜光亮丰富，附着牢，抗冲击性好，耐磨性极佳，适宜用作装置罩光漆。研究并讨论了某些配方参数对产物干燥性、贮存稳定性以及漆膜耐磨性和硬度的影响。     

菊芋在生物工业中的应用

菊芋作为一种非粮作物,具有耐寒、耐旱、繁殖力强、保持水土等生长特性,利用菊芋进行生物炼制是解决目前化石资源日益枯竭,维持人类可持续发展的重要举措.综述了近几年国内外菊芋生物炼制的研究成果,重点介绍了菊芋在生物质能源、平台化合物、医药、食品等工业方面的应用.     

DRYING TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SCIENCE

ABSTRACT

The retentions of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity during drying and storage were investigated at various temperatures and relative humidities for various carbohydrate solutions. The highest retention of ADH activity after drying was obtained for the mixture of trehalose and methyl-β-cyclodextrin. For a single dried droplet, the effects of humidity on the storage stability of ADH were reversed between the trehalose solution and the blend of trehalose and methyl-β-cyclodextrin. However, the addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin decreased the residual activity of ADH during storage. The carbohydrate matrix structure after drying might influence mainly the storage stability of ADH encapsulated in the mixed carbohydrate of trehalose and methyl-β-cyclodextrin.     

稀酸水解菊芋制乙醇技术研究

考察了固液质量比、酸浓度、反应温度和反应时间4个条件对菊芋粉稀酸水解的总糖浓度和总糖转化率的影响。结果表明,菊芋稀酸水解的最优化条件为:固液比0.3,硫酸浓度3%,反应温度80℃,反应时间90 min。在此条件下水解菊芋,水解液中的总糖浓度为24.1%,总糖转化率为80.3%;水解液经过中和后,接入酵母菌发酵产乙醇,最终乙醇浓度可达到10.4%,乙醇得率为86.4%。     

SOLAR DRYING OF RAISING

The drying of Sultana seedless grapes was investigated under intermittent and continuous operating conditions in a laboratory solar installation involving a thermal storage bed and an auxiliary heater. The effect of pretreatment, and of the a i r velocity on the drying rate of the grapes at constant temperature was also studied in relation t o the quality of the dried product.

Solar drying of the grapes was accomplished in 30.5 to 60.5 h of intermittent operation, or 19 to 60 h of continuous drying, involving the thermal storage bed and the auxiliary heater. The shortest drying time (19 h ) and the highest quality dried product were obtained with grapes dipped in a hot (80 C ) solution of sodium hydroxide and ethyl oleate, which were dried continuously at 42°C and 2m/s, air temperature and velocity respectively.

The mean apparent diffusivity of moisture in raisins at 6o°C and air velocity 2m/s was estimated as 1.0.10-10 m2/s.     

Impact of rewetting and drying of rough rice on predicted moisture content profiles during in-bin drying and storage

Accurate prediction of moisture content (MC) is vital for effective control of on-farm, in-bin drying and storage of rough rice, especially for systems using recently introduced technology to automate fan run time. The study used simulations, laboratory, and field experiments to investigate the extent to which rewetting and drying, during in-bin drying and storage, affect accuracy of predicted MC—a critical parameter for automated fan control. Vapor sorption analysis (VSA) was used to generate MC prediction models for rough rice. Simulations of in-bin drying and storage, using in-field weather data, were performed while segregating effects resulting from rewetting and drying of the rough rice and the type of fan control strategy used. Predicted MC profiles of rough rice and drying durations were compared with those resulting from using standard constants in the literature for modeling. The root mean square error associated with predicting the MC by model constants developed using the VSA was 0.54% MC and 1.32% MC dry basis (d.b.), for desorption and adsorption, respectively. Deviation in MC logged by in-bin built, field sensors and that simulated by taking into account the influence of rewetting and drying were generally within 1.5% point difference. Therefore, rewetting and drying did not affect drying duration. However, drying duration was significantly influenced by fan control strategy (p?相似文献   

Degradation of Phytosterols During Near-Ambient Drying of Rapeseeds in a Thick Immobile Layer

The effect of the drying method applied and subsequent rapeseed storage on changes in phytosterols was determined. After harvest, rapeseeds were dried by the near-ambient method in a thick immobile layer of 2 m and using air heated to a temperature of 60, 80 and 100 °C. Analyses of phytosterol contents were performed immediately after drying and after 6 and 12 months of storage at a temperature of 10 ± 2 °C. Results showed a significant effect of drying conditions, cultivar-specific differences and storage time on the contents of phytosterols. Near-ambient drying of seeds resulted in a reduction in total sterol contents by 6–20 %, while for drying with hot air it was by 14–40 %. The level of sterols decreased by 13–18 % after a 1 year storage of seeds dried by the near-ambient methods. A reduction in 12–22 % in sterols for seeds dried by high temperature occurred after 1 year of storage.     

移动式相变储热木材太阳能干燥装置的理论设计

针对木材太阳能干燥间歇性的不足以及传统太阳能储热采用混凝土、天然沸石等通过显热的方式储热体积大、热效率低的缺点,该文进行了移动式相变储热木材太阳能干燥装置的理论设计,并在此基础上完成了实际研制过程。该装置主要包括热管真空太阳能空气集热系统,石蜡相变储热系统,干燥系统,自动控制系统四个部分。该设计不仅能为相变储热式太阳能干燥装置的研制提供理论依据,更重要的是后续实验得出的规律可为进一步开展太阳能干燥技术的研究和工业化应用提供实验指导。     

MALDI-TOF study of oligomers distribution in spray-dried glyoxalated lignin for wood adhesives

Spray drying of glyoxalated lignin used in tannin/lignin adhesives for exterior- and interior-grade wood particleboard and other types of panels has been shown to be capable of maintaining its reactivity after spray drying with no decrease in performance of the adhesive once the spray-dried material is re-dissolved in water. This indicates that spray drying is a very suitable method for long-term storage of the adhesive without loss of performance. A clear variation in the distribution of oligomers in the material after spray drying has been observed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight analysis. One effect of the reaction that has been noticed with aging is the assembly of the monomers and lower molecular mass oligomers such as dimers into structures of higher molecular weight as a consequence of their condensation with glyoxal and the formation of glyoxylene bridges between them.     

Encapsulation of Proteins by Spray Drying and Crystal Transformation Method

Spray drying is commonly used as a dehydration technique in the pharmaceutical industry for making powdery products directly from liquid. It is also an attractive alternative for obtaining solid pharmaceutical molecules that are traditionally produced by freeze drying. Spray drying is often regarded as a harsh drying method, due to the high temperature of the drying gas. Therefore, some excipients were added to improve the stability in manufacturing process and storage. Emphasis was placed on the encapsulation of proteins by spray drying and crystal transformation method.     

Influence of blanching treatment and drying methods on the drying characteristics and quality changes of dried sardine (Sardinella gibbosa) during storage

The aim of this study is to examine the drying characteristics of blanched and unblanched sardine during indoor and open sun drying processes. Changes in temperature and relative humidity of the air during drying were recorded. The color, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free fatty acid (FFA) content, fatty acid composition, and sensory attributes of dried samples were also evaluated once a month for 5 months of storage. High drying rates were obtained in all samples at the start of drying and then decreased with increasing drying time. The highest drying rate and effective water diffusivity (D_eff) were observed in blanched sardine during open sun drying. Blanching treatment slowed down the FFA progression during product storage but adversely affected the color, PV, and TBARS content as well as sensory properties. Although sardine dried for a longer time under indoor drying conditions, it attained a stable moisture ratio that was lower than in open sun-dried samples. Indoor drying produced a quality stable product with less lipid oxidation and the desired moisture content, higher polyunsaturated fatty acids and sensory properties. Blanching treatment negatively affected the fish quality and is therefore not recommended for commercial sardine drying.