Drying the monolithic lining of 300-ton steelcasting ladles

Conclusions The optimal drying temperature for the monolithic silica lining of 300-ton steelcasting ladles is 500°C for a drying time of 18 h, provided the ladle casing contains an adequate number of ventilation holes.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 31–34, March, 1977.     

Guniting the lining of 300-ton steelcasting ladles

Conclusions The practice of guniting the lining of steelcasting ladles has been introduced for the 300-ton ladles of the open-hearth division of the Cherepovetsk Metallurgical Plant. The guniting parameters are as follows: the temperature of the lining of the ladle wall should be 60–120°C; the amount of wetting agent (sodium silicate solution) for the optimal adhesion of the G unite layer to the brick masonry should give the G unite mix a moisture content of 8–15%, and the density of the aqueous sodium silicate solution should be 1.15–1.30 g/cm³.The guniting operation is carried out with a remote-controlled centrifugal-action machine which permits the operation to be carried out at a temperature in the ladle of 200°C. The durability of the ladle lining increases significantly when the lining is gunited regularly up to five times per campaign. The estimated economic benefit from the practice of guniting the 300-ton steelcasting ladles is 85,000 rubles/yr.Deceased.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 29–32, February, 1978.     

Mechanized guniting of the lining of steelcasting ladles

Conclusions A method has been developed and equipment constructed for guniting steelcasting ladles without any manual labor. Experiments and tests were carried out with compositions based on quartzite, Chasov-Yar semiloamy sand, and fine-ground chamotte. The industrial-scale guniting tests showed that the durability of the lining of 130-ton steelcasting ladles increases by 30% (4.7 melts) on average with one guniting per ladle campaign.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 32–36, May, 1977.     

Temperature field of the quartz-graphite lining of steelcasting ladles

Conclusions The temperature field of the rammed quartz-graphite lining of a 34-ton steelcasting ladle was analyzed by electrical simulation.The addition of 10% graphite to the silica ramming compound does not result in a lower melt temperature during pouring.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 12–15, June, 1977.     

Quartzite compositions for the monolithic lining of steel-making ladles

Conclusions Ovruch quartzite and DNPK1 clay are promising materials for ramming compounds. The quality of the compound benefits from the addition of spent sulfite liquor alone or mixed with orthophosphoric acid.The proportion of the fine-ground component in the batch should be 40–50% (including the clay). The proportion of clay should be 10–15%.The slag resistance of the quartzite batch can be increased by adding zircon. The lining of steel-making ladles is more durable when it is produced from quartzite and zircon-quartzite compositions.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 26–30, August, 1975.     

The design and resistance evolution of 150-ton ladles lining

Under electric steel smelting workshop (ESSW) OAO Volzhskii Pipe Plant operating conditions the evolution of design and life of oxide-carbon refractories produced and supplied by OAO BKO in the period 2004 – 2008 is followed. Operation of the working refractory lining layer of 150-ton steel-pouring ladles of ESSW furnace-ladles is analyzed, and the main areas for improving refractory composition and lining design are determined. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 5 – 14, January 2009.     

Guniting of the monolithic lining of steel-teeming ladles

Conclusions The authors have developed the principles of guniting the monolithic lining of steel-teeming ladles with semidry masses. Determination of the wetting of a vitrified siliceous monolithic lining with aqueous solutions of additives and suspensions of these solutions, plasticizing additives, and refractory filler has shown that a coating can be deposited onto the surface of a monolithic lining. Formation of a ceramic bond between the coating and the vitrified surface of a monolithic lining takes place at high temperatures (900°C or above). Masses of siliceous, aluminosilicate, and periclase-chromite compositions have been developed for guniting the monolithic lining of steel-teeming ladles.A procedure for guniting the monolithic lining of 180- and 350-ton steel-teeming ladles has been developed and tested. The best results have been obtained with use of gunite masses of periclase-chromite composition.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 25–30, June, 1981.     

Cast magnesia-spinel concrete linings for steelcasting ladles

Conclusions The magnesia-spinel concretes developed by the writers possess good mobility, thermal-shock resistance, volumetric stability, and low porosity. The concretes settle without additional compaction.A simple technology was developed for the production of cast concrete linings in steelcasting ladles. In transformer steel production the lining of 25-ton recasting ladles lasted six times longer than a chamotte brick lining and the specific consumption of refractories was four times lower; in 35-ton steelcasting ladles a lining of concrete MShG-15 lasted twice as long as a chamotte brick lining and the specific consumption of refractories was 1.3 times lower.An installation was devised for the production of cast concrete linings in steelcasting ladles.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 9–15, May, 1977.