讨论溴甲酚绿-甲基红复合指示剂配制方法

通过大量的实验,讨论溴甲酚绿-甲基红复合指示剂的配制方法,在不同比例和不同浓度下混合,用盐酸标准溶液滴定,观察溶液颜色变色情况。     

溴甲酚绿-甲基红复合指示剂配制方法研究

通过大量的实验,讨论溴甲酚绿-甲基红复合指示剂的配制方法,在不同比例和不同浓度下混合,用盐酸标准溶液滴定,观察溶液颜色变色情况。     

硼酰化镍中镍、硼的联合测定

针对硼酰化镍中镍,硼的测定,采用刚果红试纸指示体系的pH值,以紫脲酸胺为指示剂,EDTA为滴定剂测镍,可获得明显的滴定终点,同时采用甘露醇强化硼酸滴定硼时,以EDTA为掩蔽剂,消除了二价镍对硼分析的干扰,并改用溴甲酸绿－甲基红－酚酞三元混合指示剂作为测定硼的指示剂,使滴定终点灵敏,准确,建立了一种联合测定硼酰化镍中镍含量和硼含量的简便,快速的分析方法,实际样品分析表明,其结果令人满意。     

酸性镀锌溶液中硼酸分析方法的改进

酸性镀锌溶液中硼酸为多元弱酸，不能直接用NaOH滴定，只能通过加入多烃基有机物，与硼酸生成较强的络合酸方可滴定，用酚酞作指示剂，终点变化不易观察，导致结果产生误差。本方法加入甲基红，与酚酞成混合指示剂，实现了终点的突跃。另外加入草酸钾掩蔽Fe^2 、Fe^3 等杂质，有效地阻碍了Zn^2 与NaOH的反应，不影响结果的精度。     

甲苯二异氰酸酯含量测定的研究

本文研究了甲苯二异氰酸酯的含量测定方法，即以丁二胺－二甲苯混合溶液为溶剂，溴甲酚绿为指示剂，用盐酸标准溶液滴定至蓝色变为黄色。     

采用蒸馏-中和的电位滴定法测定水中氨氮

蒸馏-中和滴定法测定氨氮时,采用甲基红-亚甲蓝混合指示剂确定滴定终点,但由于人眼分辨颜色的能力不同,判断出的终点往往有一定差异。以电位代替指示剂确定终点,以数字滴定仪代替滴定管,降低标准酸的浓度至0.01 mol/L,提出纯粹空白的概念,并最终通过试验找出了用盐酸滴定含有氨氮的硼酸吸收液的试验终点,即终点时溶液的pH值为5.8～5.9。电位滴定法摆脱了滴定操作对试验员的苛刻要求,而以数字信号代替颜色信号也使滴定终点更易辨别,测得的试验数据更加准确。     

浅析中碱玻纤配合料中纯碱测定指示剂的调整

通过溴甲酚绿-甲基红指示剂和甲基橙指示剂分别在基准物质和配合料中的滴定结果的分析对比,论证了配合料中纯碱测定所用指示剂——甲基橙指示剂调整为溴甲酚绿-甲基红指示剂的可行性,提高了试验的准确性和精确度。     

甲醛法测定铵盐中氮滴定终点的判断

甲醛法测定铵盐中的氮，由于在同一溶液中，实际使用了甲基红和酚酞两种指示剂，在以NaOH为标准溶液的滴定过程中，应注意溶液中的两种指示剂颜色的变化过程，当溶液呈现微橙红色并保持30s不褪色才为滴定终点。     

工业纯碱总碱度测定中指示剂的改进

阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲基铵（CTMAB）与甲基橙（MO）体积比为1：9时,可作为酸碱滴定的混合指示剂,甲基橙变色范围从3．1-4．4变为混合指示剂3．5-4．4,滴定终点由无色变为红色,变色敏锐,易于观察,克服了甲基橙作指示剂时,由黄色变为橙色终点难以观察的缺点。该混合指示剂用于测定工业纯碱总碱度,效果满意。     

混合碱溶液滴定实验中指示剂的改进

大一无机及分析化学实验中的混合碱溶液滴定实验常采用双指示剂法,由于终点变化不敏锐,导致有较大的误差。采用混合指示剂来指示滴定终点,测定结果与标准溶液真值进行比较,判断测定方法准确度高低。实验证明,多组混合指示剂颜色变化明显,滴定终点容易判断,滴定结果准确,优于常规的双指示剂法。     

Preparation of a hemiporous hydroxyapatite scaffold and evaluation as a cell-mediated bone substitute

A hemiporous hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffold was prepared to support the tissue engineered approach to the restoration of damaged bone. The scaffold comprised a porous cell-seeded part and a non-porous load bearing part. A wet processing technique of HAp suspensions was used to shape the hemiporous body. The structure of the porous part was tailored using a stack of heat treated porogen placed on the plaster. The prepared specimen had approximately 30 layers of connected pores, which could accommodate sufficient human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs). The result of an in vitro test showed that hBMSCs successfully proliferated and produced extracellular matrices even at the pore in the deep portion of the scaffolds. The in vivo test in the distal femur of a rabbit showed the formation of new fibrous tissue and tubular vessels with red blood cells in the hBMSCs-seeded scaffold from the pores at the deepest portion as well as from the pore at the periphery of the scaffold. The result was in distinct contrast with the scaffold without cell loading. The preloading of cell was thus very effective in the migration of cells in spite of the unconfirmed connectivity among pores. The present casting approach had the merits of simplicity and versatility in tailoring the scaffold structure without an elaborate device.     

磷石膏与碳酸钙对赤泥脱碱的效果及可能机理

为降低赤泥中的碱分,增加赤泥资源化、无害化利用途径,探索采用磷石膏和碳酸钙为脱碱剂脱除赤泥中的碱分的效果。结果表明：采用磷石膏和碳酸钙脱除赤泥中的碱时,振荡0.5 h即可使振荡液的pH和EC（电导率）值达到稳定状态,耗时较短。赤泥脱碱效率的高低并不直接依赖于脱碱剂与赤泥的配比、延长脱碱时间等手段。在考虑脱碱效果和经济成本的前提下,m（赤泥）∶ m（磷石膏）、m（赤泥）∶ m（碳酸钙）依次为1∶0.4和1∶0.2。钙化合物添加后,与赤泥发生置换反应,赤泥中更多的结合碱能够被置换出来成为游离碱,进而得到脱除。     

白光LED用红色荧光粉的制备及发光性能

采用溶胶凝胶法(sol-gel)合成CaO-MgO-S iO2:Eu3+荧光粉,在近紫外393nm激发下发射出Eu3+的特征红色光谱,并研究了该方法中各种工艺条件(如:pH值,Eu3+的掺杂量等)对其影响。通过X射线粉末衍射、荧光光谱等分析其发光特性,表明Eu3+离子在CaO-MgO-S iO2:Eu3+基质中处于较低的对称格位,发射来源于5D0→7F2613nm为主的红光。     

Uranium stabilization in red mud by sintering: Mechanism and leachability

Uranium(VI)-bearing waste is inevitably produced in the process of aqueous U(VI) abatement by red mud (RM). Such U(VI)-bearing waste has been considered to be highly hazardous to the environment and human because of their easy mobility, high toxicity, and radioactive. The stabilization of uranium constitutes an urgent challenge that must be solved through an economic and feasible waste management strategy. Herein, a low thermal stabilization process was well-designed for stabilizing U(VI) in red mud into particular phase(s) such as geopolymer-like microstructures. Characterization and leaching experiments were further performed for U(VI)-bearing RM samples thermally stabilized at various temperatures, and the stabilization mechanism of uranium in the RM was explored. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results revealed that a geopolymer-like phase whose main components were Al, Si and O was formed when the U(VI)-bearing RM was treated at 600 °C; thus, uranium was successfully stabilized. When treated at higher temperature (i.e., 900 °C), the U(VI)-bearing RM formed feldspar minerals from the oxides of Si and Al, which originated from the broken geopolymers (a stable three-dimensional network), thus exposing uranium to the surface. The constant-pH leaching test evidenced that the sintering temperatures of 600–800 °C could facilitate the fixation of uranium by RM. The findings of this study offer us a promising strategy on the utilization of RM to eliminate and stabilize U(VI) from waste streams.     

激发剂对赤泥地聚物砂浆力学性能的影响

以热活化氧化铝赤泥为主要原料制备赤泥地聚物砂浆,对比研究了激发剂种类和掺量对赤泥地聚物力学性能的影响及其合成机理。结果表明,水玻璃、石灰-碱（质量比为2∶1）、石膏-碱（质量比为2∶1）均能改善氧化铝赤泥的反应活性,促进赤泥地聚物的合成,其中水玻璃（氧化硅与氧化钠物质的量比为1.5）的改性效果最为显著。水玻璃、石灰-碱、石膏-碱的最佳掺量分别为20%、7%、10%。水玻璃掺量为20%时,赤泥地聚物砂浆28 d抗压强度和28 d抗折强度分别为32.1 MPa和6.0 MPa。改变激发剂的种类和掺量,可以调整赤泥地聚物砂浆体系的碱度,改变铝硅酸结构的解聚和地聚物的缩聚过程,从而影响其力学性能。     

A Large Stokes Shift Fluorescent Protein Constructed from the Fusion of Red Fluorescent mCherry and Far-Red Fluorescent BDFP1.6

Phycobiliproteins are constituents of phycobilisomes that can harvest orange, red, and far-red light for photosynthesis in cyanobacteria and red algae. Phycobiliproteins in the phycobilisome cores, such as allophycocyanins, absorb far-red light to funnel energy to the reaction centers. Therefore, allophycocyanin subunits have been engineered as far-red fluorescent proteins, such as BDFP1.6. However, most current fluorescent probes have small Stokes shifts, which limit their applications in multicolor bioimaging. mCherry is an excellent fluorescent protein that has maximal emittance in the red spectral range and a high fluorescence quantum yield, and thus, can be used as a donor for energy transfer to a far-red acceptor, such as BDFP1.6, by FRET. In this study, mCherry was fused with BDFP1.6, which resulted in a highly bright far-red fluorescent protein, BDFP2.0, with a large Stokes shift (≈79 nm). The excitation energy was absorbed maximally at 587 nm by mCherry and transferred to BDFP1.6 efficiently; thus emitting strong far-red fluorescence maximally at 666 nm. The effective brightness of BDFP2.0 in mammalian cells was 4.2-fold higher than that of iRFP670, which has been reported as the brightest far-red fluorescent protein. The large Stokes shift of BDFP2.0 facilitates multicolor bioimaging. Therefore, BDFP2.0 not only biolabels mammalian cells, including human cells, but also biolabels various intracellular components in dual-color imaging.     

A new method for enhancing the performance of red mud as a hydrogenation catalyst

A new method is presented for improving the performance of red mud as a hydrogenation catalyst (a residue from the production of alumina by the Bayer process that contains iron oxides), based on the method developed by K.C. Pratt and V. Christoverson, Fuel 61 (1982) 460. The activation method consists essentially in dissolving red mud in a mixture of aqueous hydrochloric and phosphoric acids, boiling the resulting solution, adding aqueous ammonia until pH=8, and filtering, washing, drying and calcining the resulting precipitate. The catalyst thus obtained is characterised, and after sulphidation, tested (activity and life) for the hydrogenation of a light fraction of an anthracene oil. The catalytic performance is compared with that of sulphided untreated red mud and sulphided red mud activated by the method of Pratt and Christoverson. This activation method has proved to be more effective in improving the performance of red mud as a hydrogenation catalyst than the method of Pratt and Christoverson, since the activated catalyst presents a slightly higher level of activity and a markedly extended active life.     

myo-Inositol trispyrophosphate: a novel allosteric effector of hemoglobin with high permeation selectivity across the red blood cell plasma membrane

myo‐Inositol trispyrophosphate (ITPP), a novel membrane‐permeant allosteric effector of hemoglobin (Hb), enhances the regulated oxygen release capacity of red blood cells, thus counteracting the effects of hypoxia in diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular ailments. ITPP‐induced shifting of the oxygen–hemoglobin equilibrium curve in red blood cells (RBCs) was inhibited by DIDS and NAP‐taurine, indicating that band 3 protein, an anion transporter mainly localized on the RBC membrane, allows ITPP entry into RBCs. The maximum intracellular concentration of ITPP, determined by ion chromatography, was 5.5×10^?3 M , whereas a drop in concentration to the limit of detection was observed in NAP‐taurine‐treated RBCs. The dissociation constant of ITPP binding to RBC ghosts was found to be 1.72×10^?5 M . All data obtained indicate that ITPP uptake is mediated by band 3 protein and is thus highly tissue‐selective towards RBCs, a feature of major importance for its potential therapeutic use.     

Spectroscopic analysis of Turkey red oil samples as a basis for understanding historical dyed textiles

Heritage conservation science is a valuable technique for improving understanding and the preservation of historical objects. Material analysis of heritage textiles and related materials provides information about polymer and colorant degradation, and contributes to improved conservation and display practices. The re‐creation of materials following historical processes is useful for testing analytical techniques in a field where ethical constraints often limit sampling, and to also identify potential age‐related changes relative to a fresh product. Despite the broad historical interest and industrial significance of Turkey red from the late eighteenth to the nineteenth century, little about the chemical complex of these unique textiles was understood in scientific terms. This study applied modern analysis with ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to investigate the conclusions reached by nineteenth century chemists, that fatty acids were a key component of the oil treatment, a unique and vital aspect of the Turkey red dyeing process. The results show that Turkey red oil samples are composed of fatty acids which tend to polymerise over time, and that modern commercial Turkey red oil has a similar composition to historical samples and a replica sample made following a nineteenth century method. This information was used to form a hypothesis for the overall Turkey red complex on the fibre, and confirmed that the experimental work of nineteenth century chemists was theoretically accurate despite their lack of precise analytical techniques. This indicates that a re‐creation and analysis approach is effective for studying heritage materials, provided the historical practice for making the original object is taken into consideration.     

CuO修饰的赤泥载氧体废弃活性炭化学链燃烧

以拜耳法赤泥为基体,采用浸渍法制备了CuO修饰的赤泥载氧体（Cu0.5RM1、Cu1RM1）。利用SEM-EDSmapping、XRD对其进行物化表征,并在高温流化床反应器及热重分析仪中考察了赤泥载氧体的废弃活性炭化学链燃烧特性。结果表明,浸渍法可准确制备定量CuO修饰的赤泥载氧体;相比于纯赤泥载氧体,CuO修饰的赤泥载氧体具有化学链燃烧载氧体与化学链氧解耦燃烧载氧体的双重特性,能够加快碳转化速率,有效提高出口气体中CO₂浓度;Cu1RM1反应活性较高,875℃为其较优的反应温度,此时t₉₅为28min,出口气体中CO₂浓度为92.9%（体积分数）,燃烧效率达93.0%。10次循环实验表明Cu1RM1载氧体具有相对稳定的循环反应特性。