煤粉炉及沸腾炉选型、设计的几个问题

合理选用与设计高效率的热风炉，对于建材厂矿企业节能具有重要意义,本文侧重就煤粉炉及沸腾炉结构选型与计算，附属设备及系统的设计，选型作了论述。     

沸腾炉在石膏煅烧中的应用

１前言石膏石（二水石膏）是在自然界中分布比较广泛的一种矿物质，将它在一定的温度下煅烧，可制成石膏粉。石膏在煅烧时，根据温度和压力的不同，可获得不同性能的石膏粉。因此，在工业生产中，要获得不同性能的石膏粉，必须控制煅烧的温度和压力。生石膏煅烧成熟石膏粉...     

石膏煅烧窑—沸腾炉

石膏煅烧窑──沸腾炉哈尔滨新型建材总厂周公权，金晓科目前国内采用干法股烧石膏的设备主要有两种：回转窑与炒锅。我厂和中国新型建筑材料工业杭州设计研究院共同研制了一种投资少、生产效率高、节能、船烧成品质量好的新型石膏银烧窑一沸腾炉。我厂通过十几年的实践，...     

沸腾炉管子的磨损及预防

该文叙述了沸腾炉的优缺点以及沸腾炉管子磨损的原因,并对磨损的速度与部位作了描述,并给出了一个磨损量的表达式。作者同时还提出了减小管子磨损的措施。     

沸腾炉烘干系统自动控制初探

分析沸腾炉的燃烧过程、利用现代自控装置、实现对沸腾炉烘干系统的自动控制、达到沸腾炉烘干系统经济高效运行的目的。     

沸腾炉在立磨系统中的应用

在立磨粉磨系统中,沸腾炉操作与磨机操作之间的协调配合不仅能够节约煤耗、降低成本,而且能够明显提高磨机的稳定性。     

提高沸腾炉使用寿命的有效途径

分析了目前沸腾炉使用寿命短的原因，从结构设计、耐火材料的选择、砌筑和烘炉方法等方面提出了改进措施。介绍了节煤型高温沸腾炉在部分水泥厂的使用效果。     

循环流化床锅炉快速床流体动力学研究

分析了快速床区流体动力学特征 ,通过实验研究了固体颗粒循环率、气体速度等影响快速床区动力学的主要因素 ,找出快速床区悬浮粒子密度纵向和横向分布规律 ,用回归方法得出相应计算公式。     

Biofilm development and bed segregation in a methanogenic fluidized bed reactor

Bacterial biofilm growth on a pilot lab scale anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor under mesophilic conditions is analyzed in this paper. Biolite was used as substratum and the system was fed with acetic acid as sole carbon source. Bed expansión was maintained around 40%. It was observed that the decrease of the expansion provoked a biomass increase in the reactor and the decrease of the removal rate of organic matter. This can be explained by a mass transfer limitation phenomenon. Volatile fatty acids accumulated within the system when the expansion of the fluidized bed was lower than 10%. An initial bed segregation was observed. Biomass adhesion and growth influenced bioparticle size and density, which contributed to further bed segregation. Biomass concentration in the bottom part of the bed showed higher values than in the upper levels. On the other hand, biofilm density increased towards the reactor bottom, wherein it showed the highest values. Methanogenic tests were conducted using acetic, propionic and butyric acids. These assays indicated that total activity was higher in bioparticle sampled from upper reactor levels. This was explained by the lower biofilm density values in this zone and mass transfer limitation phenomena. Moreover, biomass was unable to degrade acids different from acetic while performing the activity tests. This was probably due to the fact that acetic acid was the sole carbon source fed to the reactor.     

如何控制循环流化床锅炉床温

对循环流化床锅炉床温的控制方式进行了探讨,分析了影响床温变化的因素,从料层厚度、炉膛物料浓度、返料器浓度、一、二次风配比、锅炉出力的调整及循环流化床锅炉的启停等方面入手,阐述了对锅炉床温的控制与调节方法,对促进循环流化床锅炉的发展应用具有积极意义。     

Water purification by fluidized bed technique

Composite samples of wastewater obtained from a Nigerian Institution were clarified with a 10% solution of commercial alum and then filtered through a sand bed. The optimum dosage for the clarification was 400 mg 1⁻¹. Considerable reductions in colour, turbidity, suspended solids (SS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), detergents of alkyl benzene sulphonate (ABS) base and total coliform bacteria were achieved in the samples.The samples were further purified by adsorption of their impurities by powered activated carbon (PAC) in a fluidized bed. The purification was done by two modes: fluidization with no beads added and fluidization with beads added. With 200 mg 1⁻¹ PAC and fluidization for 10 min, 92.8% COD reduction was achieved with no beads added while 98.5% COD reduction was achieved with 4% (v/v) glass beads added. Fresh surface water samples obtained from a dam were filtered through sand bed and similarly treated with 200 mg 1⁻¹ PAC in the fluidized bed. The qualities of the final effluents obtained from the two types of samples were comparable with the WHO standards for purified water/wastewater meant for recycling purposes.     

谈循环流化床锅炉筑炉施工

从材料的进场验收、施工准备、高强耐磨浇注料的使用、可塑料的施工等方面,介绍了循环流化床锅炉筑炉用耐火混凝土的质量要求及施工方法,有利于保证锅炉砌筑质量,延长锅炉使用寿命。     

Impulse responses of a monoethylamine-fed fluidized bed reactor

The responses of a steady-state, continuous-flow, completely-mixed fluidized bed reactor (FBR) to a range of monoethylamine (MEA) impulses are analyzed in terms of its combined carbon oxidation and nitrification efficiencies. Immobilized cells are cultivated at a mean cell residence time (MCRT) that exceeds 75 days. Responses due to bacterial activities and physical flows are separately estimated using a methodology based on mass balance calculations. MEA inhibition becomes evident when respective critical impulse loadings are exceeded, i.e., 0.12 mg TOC/mg VS for carbon oxidation and 0.021 mg TOC/mg VS for nitrification (TOC: total organic carbon, VS: volatile solids). Nitrifying cells are shown to be more susceptible to MEA impulses than their heterotrophic counterparts. However, the presence of nitrification activities under the conditions tested demonstrates the advantages of cell immobilization that offer greater flexibility when challenged with suddenly increased MEA loads over a short period of time. Mass balance calculations on nitrogen species confirms that 0.583 mg NH(4)(+)-N is produced per mg MEA-C removed when the assimilatory nitrogen requirements for cell synthesis are negligible.     

谈循环流化床锅炉的施工问题及优化

通过对循环流化床前沿技术的探讨,并结合电站循环流化床锅炉工程的安装和运行情况,分析了循环流化床锅炉安装施工中存在的问题,同时提出了优化措施,以促进循环流化床锅炉的推广应用。     

利用固硫灰渣研发蒸压加气混凝土砌块

通过室内模拟试验,研究了磨细的固硫灰和固硫渣在不同用量比例时对蒸压加气混凝土砌块的干密度和抗压强度的影响;并提出了固硫灰和固硫渣用于蒸压加气混凝土砌块试生产中的材料用量比例.试验结果表明:在固硫灰的用量较大时,掺加适量的固硫渣,不仅可有效地改善蒸压加气混凝土砌块的技术性能,而且有利于提高固硫灰渣的整体利用率.     

Anaerobic digestion of wine distillery wastewater in down-flow fluidized bed

In down-flow fluidization, particles with a specific density smaller than the liquid are fluidized downward by a concurrent flow of liquid. This paper describes the application of the down-flow (or inverse) fluidization technology for the anaerobic digestion of red wine distillery wastewater. The carrier employed was ground perlite, an expanded volcanic rock. Before starting-up the reactor, physical and fluidization properties of the carrier material were determined. 0.968 mm perlite particles were found to have a specific density of 280 kg m⁻³ and a minimum fluidization velocity of 2.3 m h⁻¹. Once the down-flow anaerobic fluidized bed system reached the steady-state, organic load was increased stepwise by reducing HRT, from 3.3–1.3 days, while maintaining constant the feed TOC concentration. The system achieved 85% TOC removal, at an organic loading rate of 4.5 kg TOC m³ d⁻¹. It was found that the main advantages of this system are: low energy requirement, because of the low fluidization velocities required; there is no need of a settling device, because solids accumulate at the bottom of the reactor so they can be easily drawn out, and particles with high-biomass content, whose specific density have become larger than 1000 kg m⁻³ can be easily recovered.     

循环流化床锅炉在矿井中的推广应用

简要介绍循环流化床锅炉的技术状况及发展过程 ,论述了它在矿井中的应用 ,并着重从社会、经济、环保等方面分析了在应用过程中的综合效益 ,提出循环流化床锅炉是一种洁净高效的热能转换装置。