风机盘管系统新风处理终参数的选择

本文提出了新风加风机盘管空调系统中,确定新风处理终状态点的两条基本原则,并对全国几个主要城市夏季新风处理终状态参数进行了定量分析。在此基础上,给出了经济合理、技术可行的新风处理终状态参数。     

关于风机盘管加新风系统设计选择计算方法的探讨

作者在实际应用中发现，依据现行的＜＜空气调节设计手册＞＞中关于风机盘管加新风系统的设计选择计算方法，所选择的风机盘管比实际需要的往往小１－２号，作者对此进行分析后提出了一种选择计算方法。     

新风加风机盘管系统的计算与评述

列出析风与风机盘管几种结合方式的计算公式，着重指出，结合方式不同，坚末端装置的要求也各不相同。空气处理机的冷／风比实质上是其设备特性，该值除以空气密度，就浊空气通过该设备的焓降。在选择末端设备时，决不有单纯根据房间冷耗值必须根据冷／风比值进行选择，否则达不到焓降要求。     

基于风机盘管加新风系统的五星级酒店暖通设计

每位住酒店的人都希望拥有一个健康舒适的居住环境,房间舒适、空气新鲜,给人惬意的感觉,如同自身置于纯净世界里,从而有效的享受生活的品质。其实这样的酒店居住环境只要酒店基于风机盘管加新风系统就能够轻松的实现。所谓的风机盘管是只属于中央空调系统的末端,自身就具有一定除湿的功能及效果,在酒店中央空调领域中,虽然风机盘管除湿的功能能起到部分效果,但是想要完全性地解决室内的空气质量问题,就必须借助新风系统,采用风机盘管配合新风系统的设计方案和形式便可以有效的将空气湿度和温度的问题解决。     

风机盘管加新风系统冬季工况的空调过程设计

讨论了冬季工况下风机盘管加新风系统的空调设计，提出了新风直接送入室内和新风接入风机盘管两种新风供给方式下的设计方法。     

风机盘管加新风空调系统ε值比较设计方法

通过分析风机盘管机组热湿处理能力与室内热湿比、新风终状态的相互关系，提出了可用于风机盘管加新风空调系统设计的ε值比较法。     

干工况风机盘管加新风系统的空调过程设计

提出了风机盘管加独立新风系统在干工况下空调过程的设计方法,并就如何合理地确定风机盘管空调系统的设计冷负荷进行了分析讨论。     

风机盘管加新风系统冬季空气处理过程分析及合理运行

有鉴于我国地域幅员辽阔,各地区气候差别很大,特别是湿度差别直接影响空调的效果的情况,作者就实际中出现的问题进行分析,改进管路设置,并提出了湿润区风机盘管加热风系统冬季运行的调节方法。     

关于风机盘管与新风系统配合方式的探讨

1 引言 目前,在宾馆、办公楼、公寓等类的建筑中,其空调方式普遍采用风机盘管加新风系统,对于这样一种布置灵活、节省建筑空间和经济有效的空调方式,目前大部分工程采用新风单独供给,风机盘管循环室内空气的方式(简称方式1),但也有一些工程采用新风经新风空调机组处理后送至风机盘管回风静压箱,再与室内回风混合进入风机盘管的方     

公共建筑室内PM2.5污染控制策略研究

根据公共建筑室内PM2.5污染来源、运动规律,结合室内PM2.5污染控制通风过滤模型,分析了通风换气对降低室内PM2.5污染浓度的影响,给出了空气过滤器过滤效率计算公式及简化选型计算公式,提供了室内PM2.5浓度控制标准要求,结合目前常见的集中空调系统空气过滤器配置工况,通过实例计算,给出了集中空调系统空气过滤器等级组合建议。     

Real-time measurements of PM2.5 and ozone to assess the effectiveness of residential indoor air filtration in Shanghai homes

Portable air cleaners are increasingly used in polluted areas in an attempt to reduce human exposure; however, there has been limited work characterizing their effectiveness at reducing exposure. With this in mind, we recruited forty-three children with asthma from suburban Shanghai and deployed air cleaners (with HEPA and activated carbon filters) in their bedrooms. During both 2-week filtration and non-filtration periods, low-cost PM_2.5 and O₃ air monitors were used to measure pollutants indoors, outdoors, and for personal exposure. Indoor PM_2.5 concentrations were reduced substantially with the use of air cleaners, from 34 ± 17 to 10 ± 8 µg/m³, with roughly 80% of indoor PM_2.5 estimated to come from outdoor sources. Personal exposure to PM_2.5 was reduced from 40 ± 17 to 25 ± 14 µg/m³. The more modest reductions in personal exposure and high contribution of outdoor PM_2.5 to indoor concentrations highlight the need to reduce outdoor PM_2.5 and/or to clean indoor air in multiple locations. Indoor O₃ concentrations were generally low (mean = 8±4 ppb), and no significant difference was seen by filtration status. The concentrations of pollutants and the air cleaner effectiveness were highly variable over time and across homes, highlighting the usefulness of real-time air monitors for understanding individual exposure reduction strategies.     

办公建筑中空调形式对室内外PM2.5浓度相关性的影响

室外PM2.5可通过新风及围护结构缝隙渗透至室内,室外PM2.5较高时尤为明显,结果导致室内空气中的PM2.5浓度上升。为了研究空调形式对室内外PM2.5浓度相关性的影响,在2015年夏季对重庆某办公建筑中采用不同空调形式的室内外PM2.5浓度进行了实测。实测结果发现:集中式空调、分体式空调和非空调房间室内外PM2.5浓度比变化范围分别为0.59~0.76、0.47~0.76、0.71~0.91。室内外PM2.5浓度相关性系数的排序为:集中式空调环境(0.94)非空调环境(0.92)分体式空调环境(0.77),研究结果表明,办公建筑的空调形式,对室内外PM2.5浓度的相关性有影响。     

Hospital indoor PM10/PM2.5 and associated trace elements in Guangzhou, China

PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected in the indoor environments of four hospitals and their adjacent outdoor environments in Guangzhou, China during the summertime. The concentrations of 18 target elements in particles were also quantified. The results showed that indoor PM2.5 levels with an average of 99 microg m(-3) were significantly higher than outdoor PM2.5 standard of 65 microg m(-3) recommended by USEPA [United States Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air and Radiation, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Fact Sheet. EPA's Revised Particulate Matter Standards, 17, July 1997] and PM2.5 constituted a large fraction of indoor respirable particles (PM10) by an average of 78% in four hospitals. High correlation between PM2.5 and PM10 (R(2) of 0.87 for indoors and 0.90 for outdoors) suggested that PM2.5 and PM10 came from similar particulate emission sources. The indoor particulate levels were correlated with the corresponding outdoors (R(2) of 0.78 for PM2.5 and 0.67 for PM10), demonstrating that outdoor infiltration could lead to direct transportation into indoors. In addition to outdoor infiltration, human activities and ventilation types could also influence indoor particulate levels in four hospitals. Total target elements accounted for 3.18-5.56% of PM2.5 and 4.38-9.20% of PM10 by mass, respectively. Na, Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn and Ti were found in the coarse particles, while K, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, As and Se existed more in the fine particles. The average indoor concentrations of total elements were lower than those measured outdoors, suggesting that indoor elements originated mainly from outdoor emission sources. Enrichment factors (EF) for trace element were calculated to show that elements of anthropogenic origins (Zn, Pb, As, Se, V, Ni, Cu and Cd) were highly enriched with respect to crustal composition (Al, Fe, Ca, Ti and Mn). Factor analysis was used to identify possible pollution source-types, namely street dust, road traffic and combustion processes.     

双水管风机盘管加新风系统的运行调节分析

分析了双水管风机盘管加新风空调系统的全年运行调节方式，盘管中冷热水工况的转变时间空调系统的运行能耗，     

Analysis of indoor PM2.5 exposure in Asian countries using time use survey

Most household fuels used in Asian countries are solid fuels such as coal and biomass (firewood, crop residue and animal dung). The particulate matter (PM), CO, NOx and SOx produced through the combustion of these fuels inside the residence for cooking and heating has an adverse impact on people's health. PM 2.5 in particular, consisting of particles with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 μm or less, penetrates deep into the lungs and causes respiratory system and circulatory system diseases and so on. As a result, the World Health Organization (WHO) established guideline values for this type of particulate matter in 2005. In this study, the authors focused on PM 2.5 and estimated indoor exposure concentrations for PM 2.5 in 15 Asian countries. For each environment used for cooking, eating, heating and illumination in which people are present temporarily (microenvironment), exposure concentrations were estimated for individual cohorts categorized according to sex, age and occupation status. To establish the residence time in each microenvironment for each of the cohorts, data from time use surveys conducted in individual countries were used. China had the highest estimate for average exposure concentration in microenvironment used for cooking at 427.5 μg/m³ , followed by Nepal, Laos and India at 285.2 μg/m³, 266.3 μg/m³ and 205.7 μg/m³ , respectively. The study found that, in each country, the PM2.5 exposure concentration was highest for children and unemployed women between the ages of 35 and 64. The study also found that the exposure concentration for individual cohorts in each country was greatly affected by people's use of time indoors. Because differences in individual daily life activities were reflected in the use of time and linked to an assessment of exposure to indoor air-polluting substances, the study enabled detailed assessment of the impact of exposure.     

风机盘管水系统电磁阀总开启率的变化范围及其影响

过概率计算 ,指出在某确定的中、高负荷率下 ,末端通断控制的风机盘管水系统的阻力特性和总水量将波动不大 ,此时水系统可取消制冷机的旁通管 ,并且直接应用一次泵变频。     

水蓄冷式末端盘管热泵机组空调系统

介绍一种水蓄冷式空调系统，使用风机盘管与水冷热泵一体的空调机组末端装置，实现了蓄冷空调模式与末端热泵空调模式并存与互补。与普通风机盘管式空调系统类似，但末端具有电制冷能力，能实现制冷供暖，蓄热蓄冷，大温水循环，有效回收利用余热     

Household and behavioral determinants of indoor PM2.5 in a rural solid fuel burning Native American community

Indoor and outdoor concentrations of PM_2.5 were measured for 24 h during heating and non-heating seasons in a rural solid fuel burning Native American community. Household building characteristics were collected during the initial home sampling visit using technician walkthrough questionnaires, and behavioral factors were collected through questionnaires by interviewers. To identify seasonal behavioral factors and household characteristics associated with indoor PM_2.5, data were analyzed separately by heating and non-heating seasons using multivariable regression. Concentrations of PM_2.5 were significantly higher during the heating season (indoor: 36.2 μg/m³; outdoor: 22.1 μg/m³) compared with the non-heating season (indoor: 14.6 μg/m³; outdoor: 9.3 μg/m³). Heating season indoor PM_2.5 was strongly associated with heating fuel type, housing type, indoor pests, use of a climate control unit, number of interior doors, and indoor relative humidity. During the non-heating season, different behavioral and household characteristics were associated with indoor PM_2.5 concentrations (indoor smoking and/or burning incense, opening doors and windows, area of surrounding environment, building size and height, and outdoor PM_2.5). Homes heated with coal and/or wood, or a combination of coal and/or wood with electricity and/or natural gas had elevated indoor PM_2.5 concentrations that exceeded both the EPA ambient standard (35 μg/m³) and the WHO guideline (25 μg/m³).