射频识别标签天线的按需微喷射制备

基于数字化微喷射技术搭建了射频识别(RFID)标签天线的按需微喷射制备系统。首先,将纳米银导电墨水按需微喷射到镀有疏水化薄膜的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂(PET)基底表面形成天线图形;然后在恒温干燥箱内烧结,形成RFID标签天线。实验研究了微喷射系统参量对液滴产生的影响以及制备参数对纳米银导线成线的影响,制得了最小线宽为100μm、厚度为2.8μm、电阻率为5.2μΩ·cm且阻值具有较好线性度的导线。设计、仿真和制备了弯折偶极子天线,并对其性能参数进行了测试,结果显示其天线谐振频率、带宽和谐振点S11参数等与仿真结果具有较好的一致性。实验结果表明,按需微喷射导电银墨水制备RFID标签天线的方法具有系统结构简单、成本较低、液滴微喷射精确、便于制备任意天线图形等特点;制备的弯折偶极子天线尺寸可控、导电性高、阻值均一性好,并具有较好的天线性能。     

微流体数字化技术制备聚合物微透镜阵列

基于微流体数字化技术搭建了聚合物微透镜阵列按需喷射制备实验系统。以UV固化胶为喷射材料,将其按需喷射到镀有疏水化薄膜的玻璃基片上,在界面张力和疏水化效应的作用下,形成平凸状的微液滴,再经紫外光固化后形成微透镜阵列。实验研究了系统参量对稳定微喷射与微透镜直径的影响,稳定微喷射出了黏度值为50×10-3 Pa·s的UV胶,制得了最小直径达25μm的微透镜,进而制备出了直径变异系数C·V达0.64%、焦距均匀性误差为1.7%的15×15微透镜阵列。微透镜在扫描电子显微镜下具有较好的表面形貌,采用白光干涉/轮廓仪(VSI模式)测得其轮廓算术平均偏差Ra为247.99nm(扫描区域:29.4μm×39.3μm),扫描区域轮廓曲线平滑。通过微透镜阵列的成像实验,得到了微透镜阵列所成的清晰实像。实验结果表明,采用微流体数字化技术进行聚合物微透镜阵列的按需喷射制备过程简单、成本低廉、工艺参数稳定;制备的微透镜阵列几何与光学性能优越。     

压电式喷头的微滴喷射行为及其影响因素

设计并加工了一种压电式微滴喷头,并在微滴喷射平台上进行了微滴喷射实验,用CCD相机拍摄到了液滴形成的整个过程。通过激光位移测量平台测量了压电片的振荡曲线,并将位移曲线输入流体模拟求解器,用两相的方法模拟出了微滴形成的过程。模拟显示液滴的形成时间,大小,形状和速度与实验结果拟合得很好。通过对比液滴的形成过程与压电片的振荡曲线,发现主液滴在压电信号为高电平时,已经脱落了微滴喷嘴,基于此提出了通过改变高电平时间和增加压电片的自由振荡衰减阻值提高微滴喷射最高频率的方案。通过微滴喷射行为模拟,解释了微滴喷射实验中出现两条液滴的原因,并通过改变喷腔结构和改变液体黏度,找到了减少额外液滴出现的途径。     

数字化微喷射用玻璃基组合微喷嘴设计及实验

为提高液滴微喷射的喷效率和粉体微喷射的喷射方向性,选用普通硼硅酸盐毛细管和石英玻璃管为原材料,基于稳定的拉制和锻制工艺,设计并制作了直列式组合微喷嘴和同轴式组合微喷嘴.在基于微流体数字化的微喷射实验平台上,利用4×2直列式组合微喷嘴单次喷射得到了形状规则、圆整,大小均匀,无卫星液滴的液滴阵列,液滴平均直径为180 μm;相对于单微喷嘴,直列式组合喷嘴提高了单次微喷射的效率.另外,进行了粉体微喷射实验,相对于单微喷嘴,同轴式组合微喷嘴在相同驱动条件下,出射角由33°减小至10°,成形粉线的宽度由450 μm降低至300 μm.结果表明,同轴式组合微喷嘴中的辅助喷嘴有效地约束了主喷嘴出射的粉体流动,粉体喷射的方向性有显著提高.     

纳米银均匀喷射过程的数值计算与仿真

微滴喷射均匀液滴喷射过程受到多种因素的制约,包括压力波幅值、液滴物性(黏度、表面张力等)、喷嘴尺寸等。为深入理解微滴喷射过程机理,基于流体体积法建立了均匀液滴喷射数值模型,研究了压电驱动电压幅值对低粘度纳米银墨水稳定喷射行为的影响。通过数值仿真,给出了驱动电压幅值与液滴断裂长度、液滴飞行速度的数值关系,以及液滴飞行速度与卫星液滴的变化关系。采用27μm喷嘴直径的工业喷头构建微滴喷射系统,低粘度纳米银墨水为喷射材料,通过观测喷印到光面相纸的液滴尺寸及卫星液滴数量对数值模型进行实验验证。结果表明,液滴飞行速度取决于驱动电压幅值,液滴尺寸分布及卫星液滴数量取决于液滴飞行速度,与数值模型相吻合。通过数值模型仿真,针对纳米银墨水物性指标匹配合适的驱动电压幅值,生成均匀液滴流,对微液滴成型的工业化应用具有重要的理论指导意义。     

基于微流体数字化技术的微化学反应器

微流体数字化技术利用压电陶瓷驱动器产生的脉冲惯性力来驱动和扰动微流体，实现了微流体的均匀离散和微喷射，具有数字可控性。由此设计了一种数字化微化学反应器，对不同微管道内的流体利用数字化微喷射，实现试样与试剂微液滴间的混合反应。该微化学反应器由玻璃微管道拉制仪拉制的微管道进行粘接组合而成，内部无可动件，无需复杂的微加工技术，结构简单，制造成本低。进行了氢氧化钠溶液和酚酞溶液的混合反应实验，实验证明该化学反应器可以用于微化学反应。     

气动膜片式微滴喷射装置理论分析与实验研究

微滴喷射是通过产生微米级的液滴实现流体按需精确喷射沉积成形的技术。气动膜片式微滴按需喷射装置的原理是以膜片为驱动部件,以压缩气体脉冲为驱动源,通过膜片的弹性变形实现液体腔的体积变化从而产生微液滴。通过建立驱动气压与液体腔内工作压力的关系,分析腔体内液体的流动状态,从而建立气动膜片式喷射系统的数学模型,以此作为优化装置结构和控制参数的依据。此外,利用该装置完成了黏性液体的可控喷射。研究结果为喷射制造的实际应用提供了理论与实验依据。     

多材料按需微滴喷射系统设计与实验研究

为满足微电子制造、封装领域中不同性质材料按需精确分配的需求,提出了一种由多微滴喷射单元构成的多材料按需微滴喷射系统。该系统的微滴产生模块由用于低黏度流体材料的气动膜片式微滴喷射单元、用于熔融金属流体的压电活塞式微滴喷射单元和用于高黏度流体的机械阀式微滴喷射单元组成。同时由数字相机、模拟相机+图像采集卡构成的图像采集系统,实现液滴沉积的视觉引导对准定位,以及微滴产生过程的图像采集。利用该系统,进行水基混合物、金属焊料和环氧树脂胶的微滴喷射实验,分析了不同黏度对液体微滴喷射过程的影响,实现了金属焊料的微滴喷射,获得了平均直径为70.5μm的焊球及焊球阵列,其直径偏差小于2%。同时也获得了平均直径为0.6 mm的环氧树脂胶点阵列,其直径偏差小于4%。实验结果表明:该系统可用于包括高黏度环氧树脂胶、金属焊料等在内的多种不同黏度的材料,实现微米级微滴的按需喷射。     

铜层厚度及退火温度对ZnS/Cu/ZnS复合薄膜显微结构与性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术制备了不同铜层厚度的ZnS/Cu/ZnS复合薄膜,并在不同温度(100~300℃)下对其进行退火处理,研究了铜层厚度和退火温度对复合薄膜物相、表面形貌、透光率和表面电阻等的影响。结果表明:随着铜层厚度增加,复合薄膜的表面粗糙度逐渐减小后趋于平缓,方块电阻逐渐下降;当铜层厚度为16nm时,复合薄膜的最高透光率最大为87%,方块电阻为62.5Ω;随着退火温度升高,复合薄膜中ZnS层结晶性增强,表面出现颗粒团簇;在100℃退火后,铜层厚度为16nm的复合薄膜的最高透光率为89%,方块电阻为46.3Ω。     

基于微喷技术的微胶囊制造实验研究

利用压电驱动器产生的低频振动，使微流道中的流体产生脉冲流动，通过微喷头实现微流体的数字化离散和喷射。通过控制振动的频率和微喷头的直径，可以实现微胶囊尺寸的数字化控制。利用悬浮交联微胶囊制备方法，以海藻酸钠包覆胰岛细胞进行了微胶囊制作实验，制造出了尺寸均匀的微米级尺度微胶囊。展望了基于微流体数字化的微胶囊制造技术的发展前景。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.