X80钢气保焊焊缝金属的韧化

采用优化的WER70焊丝,在管线环焊缝常用焊接线能量条件下,对X80钢进行了气保焊试验.焊缝-20℃冲击功平均达到181 J,焊接接头具有较理想的组织,对接焊缝与焊丝熔敷金属的力学性能基本相当.     

双相钢DP540、DP590焊接工艺研究

实验通过对DP540、DP590采用各类型不同焊接实验,对比力学性能及微观金相组织找出合理的焊接工艺,同时进行不同工艺参数条件下的熔敷效率及焊道成形性、飞溅量的变化研究,试验用焊接材料熔敷金属力学性能及扩散氢含量测试,研究焊缝经过超声冲击(UIT)处理后的力学性能、疲劳强度及接头内部残余应力的变化。     

高性能耐候焊丝WER70-NH的应用研究

介绍新型高强度、高韧性耐候气保护焊丝WER70-NH的应用。对熔敷金属焊接试验及A710钢对接进行试验。采用富氩气体保护使熔敷金属抗拉强度达到735MPa,-40℃冲击功达到182J;匹配A710钢气保护焊焊接接头使抗拉强度达到725MPa,～40℃冲击功大于141J,接头各区电化学腐蚀电位相近,具有优良的耐腐蚀性能,焊接接头综合性能指标完全满足A710钢焊接技术条件要求。     

铌对9%Ni钢用镍基焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响

研制9%Ni钢用镍基焊条的难点在于满足熔敷金属强度和塑性指标的前提下提高其低温韧性.在力学性能分析的基础上,采用彩色金相分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析、X射线衍射分析技术研究了铌对9%Ni钢用镍基焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,熔敷金属中铌的加入能明显提高其强度和塑性.但铌的质量分数达到3.5%后,虽然熔敷金属的强度进一步提高,但形成了脆性的金属间化合物Laves相,导致熔敷金属低温韧性下降.     

高强度焊丝WER80的应用研究

介绍了以高强度、高韧性气保护焊丝WER80为材料,对焊丝熔敷金属及武钢HG785钢、HG980钢对接进行气保护焊接试验研究。采用富氩气体保护熔敷金属抗拉强度达到了810 MPa,-30℃冲击功达到106 J;匹配HG785钢气保护焊焊接接头抗拉强度达到815 MPa,-30℃冲击功大于90 J;匹配HG980钢气保护焊...     

双相钢激光焊管的焊缝组织演变及扩口性能研究

介绍了马氏体含量不同的双相钢(DP590和DP780)激光焊管的焊缝组织演变,研究了焊缝硬度分布特征及其对扩口性能的影响。结果表明:激光焊缝的熔合区存在明显硬化,组织为单一的马氏体,DP780钢热影响区出现了显著的软化,DP590钢无软化区存在,造成这一差别的原因在于两者马氏体含量不同;软化区的存在导致DP780钢激光焊管的扩口率急剧下降,仅为DP590钢的10%左右;建立了焊管扩口的数值模型,模拟结果与试验结果相吻合。     

丙烷储罐用13MnNi6-3钢焊接特性研究

13MnNi6-3作为低温钢种,用于丙烷储罐壁板的制造,正火状态交货,具有良好的冷弯性能、优良的焊接性能和低温冲击韧性,-60℃冲击功达到27 J以上,综合性能优良。焊接试验、模拟焊后热处理试验和焊接接头力学性能检验结果表明：13MnNi6-3钢的强度、低温冲击性能以及焊接性能完全满足低温丙烷储罐的建造要求。     

低合金高强钢激光—电弧复合焊焊缝组织及性能研究

激光—电弧复合焊兼具表面成形较好、熔深较大的特点,在中厚板焊接中获得广泛应用,但激光复合焊时,焊缝冷却速率较快,焊缝淬硬倾向较强,在中厚板低合金高强钢焊接时应用受限.针对宝钢生产的BG890QL低合金高强钢进行激光—电弧复合焊接,研究焊缝组织的淬硬倾向,结果表明:激光—电弧复合焊接接头柱状晶组织特定生长方向明显,但焊缝中心和顶部存在等轴晶.室温和-40℃时,焊缝处的冲击功分别为58 J和40 J,热影响区的分别为147 J和66.5 J,冲击性能均能满足要求.激光—电弧复合焊低合金高强钢可以获得强韧性较好的焊缝及热影响区组织,满足工程应用需求.     

Q420GJ钢双丝埋弧焊接试验

通过双丝埋弧焊接工艺性能试验、焊接接头力学性能试验及组织结构分析等,对Q420GJ钢的焊接性能及相关组织结构进行了研究。结果表明:焊接接头综合力学性能优良,接头抗拉强度达到590MPa,焊缝-40℃冲击功平均值KV2达到119J;热影响区的韧脆转变温度在-30℃附近;焊接接头过热区组织为贝氏体,焊缝中含有较多的针状铁素体。     

热轧工艺对390 MPa级高铁转向架用钢组织性能影响

高铁转向架的服役要求其屈服强度不低于390 MPa,抗拉强度不低于510 MPa,-40 ℃低温冲击功不低于34 J,满足30年服役寿命。研究设计了一种具有高韧性、耐腐蚀和易焊接的试验钢化学成分,通过控制轧制和控制冷却方法,调整其组织和力学性能。经过拉伸试验、冲击试验、扫描电镜对试验钢的力学性能和显微组织进行了检测与分析。结果表明,390 MPa高铁转向架用耐候钢的成分设计合理,各项力学性能符合要求,其中当终轧温度为850 ℃、以7 ℃/s的冷速冷却至550 ℃时综合性能最好,屈服强度为487 MPa,抗拉强度为596 MPa,-40 ℃低温冲击功为216 J。     

连续退火工艺对冷轧热镀锌双相钢780DP性能的影响

研究了冷轧连续退火过程中退火温度和缓冷段温度对冷轧热镀锌双相钢780DP组织与性能的影响。结果表明,通过调整退火工艺,可以得到强韧性能配合较好的铁素体—马氏体双相钢组织;在一定的温度范围内,随着退火温度和缓冷温度的升高,双相钢780DP抗拉强度有不同程度的下降,而延伸率有所上升,缓冷温度在600℃左右可以得到较理想的实物性能。     

A Study of Spot Welding of Advanced High Strength Steels for Automotive Applications

The application of advanced high strength steels in automotive industry has highlighted the need for research into spot weldability of these steels.Using weld lobe diagrams,the spot weldability of DP600 steel was found to be poor with conventional weld schedules.An enhanced weld schedule consisting of two pulses with reduced current on the second pulse gave a substantial increase in the lobe width;the first pulse removed the zinc coating and the second pulse controlled the nugget growth.A data acquisition system was designed to monitor weld expulsion during the weld operation.Of the three possible control strategies proposed,especially with AC welding equipment,the dynamic resistance signal is easily obtained and the least expensive.Expulsion phenomena,microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of spot-welded hot dipped galvanized DP600 steel and interstitial free steel were investigated.Further work on dissimilar welds in DP 600 and HSLA 350 was also conducted with emphasis on tensile and fatigue properties and fracture characteristics.The performance of dissimilar spot welds was different from that of the similar spot welds in each of the HSLA350 and DP600 steels.The DP600 weld properties played a dominating role in the hardness and tensile properties of the dissimilar spot welds.However,the fatigue performance of the dissimilar welds was similar to that of the HSLA welds.Details will be presented at the conference.     

Investigations on Dissimilar Weld of UNS S32205 DSS and ASTM A517 Steel

In the present research, microstructure and mechanical properties of 2205 duplex stainless steel/A517 quench and tempered low alloy steel dissimilar joint were investigated. For this purpose, gas tungsten arc welding was used with ER2209 filler metal. Characterizations were conducted by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Mechanical properties were evaluated in micro-hardness, tensile and impact tests. Microstructure in the weld zone included an austenitic continuous network in the matrix of primary ferrite. No brittle phases were formed in the weld metal and stainless steel heat affected zone (HAZ). The weld metal/A517 interface showed higher hardness than other regions. Tensile tests indicated that the values of the yield and tensile strength were 663 and 796 MPa, respectively. Impact tests indicated that the weld zone had almost the same impact energy as base metals. The minimum impact energy of 12 J was related to A517 HAZ. The results of scanning electron microscopy for fracture surfaces indicated that weld zone, 2205 HAZ and A517 HAZ had ductile, ductile–brittle and brittle fracture mode, respectively.     

热轧双相钢微观应力-应变模型

利用扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对热轧后双相钢的微观组织进行分析,用Image-Pro Plus软件测定双相钢微观组织中各独立相的体积分数.根据多相材料中间混合法则和Swift方程,建立热轧双相钢微观应力-应变模型,并用DP590和DP780钢单向拉伸曲线进行验证.结果表明,该应力-应变关系微观模型基本阐明热轧双相钢微观组织参数与宏观力学性能的内在联系,能够准确地描述材料的变形行为,同时很好地预测热轧双相钢宏观的拉伸曲线.      

Effect of weld composition and microstructure on hydrogen assisted fracture of austenitic stainless steels

The effect of severe hydrogen environments on the tensile fracture behavior of a variety of austenitic stainless steel welds was investigated. In all cases, second phases or particulates common only to the weld microstructure were the origin of fracture initiation in hydrogen. These second phases formed as a result of microsegregation during solidification and/or solid state transformations during cooling or aging. In addition to second phases the weld microstructure matrix phase also influences fracture behavior. The fracture behavior is discussed in terms of localized chemical variations and the presence of second phases, and th interaction of dislocations with internal boundaries.     

Characteristics of Welding Crack Defects and Failure Mode in Resistance Spot Welding of DP780 Steel

The mechanical properties of welded joints in resistance spot welding of DP780 steel were tested,and three dif-ferent types of welding cracks in welded joints were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction.Finally,the failure mode of the welded joints in shear tensile test was dis-cussed.It is found the shear tensile strength of welded joints can be greatly improved by adding preheating current or tempering current.The surface crack in welded joint is intergranular fracture,while the inner crack in welded joint is transgranular fracture,and the surface crack on the edge of the electrode imprint can be improved by adding prehea-ting current or tempering current.The traditional failure mode criterion advised by American Welding Society is no longer suitable for DP780 spot welds and the critical nugget size suggested by Pouranvari is overestimated.     

Microstructure development in high-strength low-alloy steel welds

The reliability of steel welds becomes more critical issue with increasing steel strength,because brittle phases are more likely to form in the weld metals and heat-affected zone(HAZ) and thereby the toughness and ductility of the welds are degraded.Therefore,refinement of microstructure and minimization of the brittle phases are necessary to improve the reliability of the high-strength steel welds.In this presentation,microstructure formation that controls the toughness of weld metals and HAZ in high-strength low-alloy(HSLA) steel welds is reviewed and possible routes to the improvement of the weld microstructure and weld toughness are discussed.     

大规格TZM钼合金锻造棒材性能研究

研究了大规格TZM钼合金锻造棒材在不同加工变形量条件下的组织,力学性能及其断裂行为。结果表明:TZM棒材经过锻造工艺加工后,随着锻造加工量的增大,密度不断增大,晶粒组织和强化粒子分布更加细密和均匀;锻造后棒材的室温强度、屈服强度、延伸率和显微硬度均随之增大。锻造加工量达到80%时,棒材拉伸强度达到780 MPa,屈服强度达到710 MPa,延伸率达到了25%,显微硬度达到HV255。总加工量大于70%时,棒材断裂方式表现出明显呈韧性断裂特征。     

纳米粒子强化含铜双相钢的组织性能关系

 为进一步提高HSLA系列含铜钢的综合力学性能,利用多步骤热处理工艺(QLT工艺:淬火、临界区淬火及回火工艺)在超低碳Ni-Cr-Mo-V-Cu低合金钢中获得了优异的强度及低温韧性匹配(屈服强度895 MPa、抗拉强度950 MPa、-80 ℃冲击韧性188 J)。利用SEM、XRD及TEM等试验方法研究了试验钢在QLT工艺处理后,不同临界区淬火温度下(Ac1~Ac3温度范围内)的双相组织演化规律,阐明了不同临界区淬火温度下的QLT态试样的组织及性能关系。结果表明,QLT态试样的屈服强度与回火二次马氏体体积分数呈二次抛物线关系,抗拉强度与回火二次马氏体体积分数呈线性正相关关系;断裂伸长率则与临界区铁素体含量正相关。临界区淬火温度为720 ℃时的QLT态试样(QL₇₂₀T)表现出优异的强度及低温韧性匹配,其高强度来源于协同析出的纳米级MC(M为铌、钼、钒及钛的任意组合)和铜粒子所强化的回火二次马氏体。QL₇₂₀T态试样优异的低温韧性则由下列因素所致,主要呈片层状的回火二次马氏体及临界区铁素体的平行相间分布而导致的组织细化效应;大量异相界面所导致的脆性渗碳体或合金渗碳体的细化;强度差异较小的回火二次马氏体以及临界区铁素体。     

铌对低温钢组织及性能的影响

通过金相组织观察、低温冲击试验和拉伸试验及拉伸断口形貌观察,研究了铌对正火+调质处理低温钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明:铸态下随着试样中铌含量的增加,组织中珠光体片间距逐渐减小,经过930℃正火+900℃淬火+630℃回火热处理后,铌质量分数为0.039%的试样组织及综合性能最佳,组织为回火索氏体,-20、-40℃夏比冲击功分别达到44.4和28.4J,抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为995和885MPa,断后伸长率达到17.0%。