影响总氮测定因素的探讨

通过实验,对水质分析中影响总氮含量测定结果的因素进行探讨,采用碱性过硫酸钾-紫外分光光度法研究了实验用水、过硫酸钾试剂纯度以及消解过程中的温度、压力、时间等因素对测定总氮的影响。找出总氮空白值偏高的影响因素,从而提高总氮分析的准确度。     

地表水总磷浊度干扰问题探讨

为消除地表水总磷测定过程中浊度的干扰,采用显色后离心、中速定性滤纸过滤、0.45μm微孔滤膜过滤、浊度-色度补偿法四种方法对地表水消解后浑浊的水样进行处理,对比其空白、检出限、测定下限、精密度、准确度等指标。分析结果显示消解后用0.45μm滤膜过滤处理的结果最理想,空白吸光度≤0.007,检出限≤0.01mg/L,测定下限≤0.04mg/L,精密度RSD≤9.1%,准确度（回收率）在90%～106%。     

过硫酸钾对总氮测定的影响与优化

在环境监测中,水质总氮测定常常出现空白值偏高或不稳定问题。研阅相关文献和经验积累,分析了碱性过硫酸钾消解法测定总氮过程中的各种令空白值偏高影响因素,结果表明:作为氧化剂的过硫酸钾是最关键因素。文章就过硫酸钾的纯度、配制和保存、消解条件(温度、压力和时间)等进行探讨并提出相应优化措施,确保总氮测定结果准确可靠。     

消解中的关键因素对总氮测定的影响探究

总氮作为一项重要的营养元素指标,通常用于反应水体的富营养化状态。总氮的测定对环境监测工作有重要意义。碱性过硫酸钾氧化紫外分光光度法(HJ 636-2012)测定水中总氮时,经常出现空白值偏高或样品数据难以测准的现象。为此,从总氮测定过程出发,文章探讨了消解过程中的关键因素对总氮测定的影响,包括消解时间以及过硫酸钾纯度。     

提纯过硫酸钾以满足总氮测定要求

分析过硫酸钾纯度对碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定水质总氮的影响,提出用重结晶法提纯过硫酸钾可以满足总氮测定的质量控制要求。     

浸矿废水中总氮测量的影响因素及相关对策

实验室常常用碱性过硫酸钾消解法测水样中总氮,但实际操作中常出现标准曲线线性相关性较低,空白值偏高等问题,对测试结果影响加大。通过对总氮测定中空白水样的选择、试剂的纯度、配制的方法、贮存时间、消解温度和时间、盐酸加入后的反应时间及比色皿槽差等因素的分析和探讨,提出了改进意见和确定了最优实验条件。并在此条件下测量和验证矿山废水总氮测量值的准确性和精确度,从而更加准确地完成水质中总氮的测定,为后续研究提供可靠的参考。     

紫外分光光度法测定水质总氮的影响因素分析

总氮是湖泊、水库水质营养状态评价不可缺少的指标之一,在监测工作中常采用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定总氮。该经典方法在实际测定过程中,会遇到空白值偏高、测量结果重复性不够好、准确度不够好等问题。本文从比色管筛选、过硫酸钾试剂、实验用水、消解温度、消解时间、冷却时间、待测样品的稀释、波长定位准确性及避免其它污染带来的影响等多方面因素进行讨论分析,得出总氮测定时须特别注意的影响因素。     

影响总氮测定结果的因素探讨

本文从水样的采集与保存、实验室用水、实验药品、消解过程、干扰和消除等方面系统全面地分析了碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定水质总氮的影响因素,为提高水质总氮测定的准确度和可信度提供参考。     

紫外可见分光光度法测定水中总氮影响因素的分析

碱性过硫酸钾氧化紫外分光光度法(HJ 636-2012)测定水中总氮时,经常出现空白值偏高或样品数据难以测准的现象。为此,从总氮测定过程出发,探讨了影响总氮测定的因素。结果表明:玻璃器皿的洁净程度对结果有一定的影响,可通过浸泡稀盐酸或稀硫酸达到空白值的降低;实验中可用三级水代替无氨水;过硫酸钾的纯度对空白值的影响最大;氢氧化钠的纯度对空白值也有一定的影响;碱性过硫酸钾溶液的存放时间最好不超过7d;消解温度可控制在120~125℃,消解时间可控制5~40min均可;水冷以及空冷均冷却至室温,对测定的结果影响不大。     

碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定水中总氮的方法探讨

利用碱性过硫酸钾消解紫外分光光度法测定水中总氮时经常出现空白值异常高的现象。文章通过实验研究发现:由于实验室环境、实验用水、过硫酸钾试剂纯度、配制方法、消解时间消解温度等因素对测定均有不同程度的影响,导致测定的空白值偏高,影响测定结果。文章通过对这些因素进行了试验分析并提出改进意见。有效提高总氮测定时的准确性。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.