汽车内饰用PP/黄麻纤维复合材料力学性能

采用转矩流变仪混合造粒,通过注射成型方法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/黄麻纤维复合材料,研究了对纤维表面进行处理的NaOH浓度、纤维含量和相容剂的含量对PP/黄麻纤维复合材料力学性能的影响,采用扫描电镜对纤维表面及复合材料的断面形貌进行分析。结果表明:黄麻纤维经过碱处理后PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的力学性能优于纤维未处理的复合材料的力学性能,随着NaOH浓度的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度增加,在NaOH浓度为16%时,其拉伸强度和冲击强度最佳;其弯曲强度随着NaOH浓度的提高先增加而后下降,在8%浓度时,弯曲强度最大。随着纤维含量的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度先增加后下降,在纤维含量达到20%时,PP/黄麻纤维合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度达到最大。随着纤维含量的提高,PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的冲击强度降低。相容剂的加入使得PP/黄麻纤维复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度明显增加。     

玄武岩纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料的力学性能研究

本文主要研究玄武岩增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能。分别制备了玄武岩纤维含量为10%、20%、30%和40%的纤维增强复合材料,并分析纤维含量对复合材料拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响。研究表明,玄武岩纤维的加入大幅度提高了复合材料的拉伸性能和弯曲性能,但复合材料的断裂伸长率有所下降;随着玄武岩纤维含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度和模量呈先增加后减小的趋势,当纤维含量在30%时达最大值;复合材料的弯曲强度和模量的变化规律与拉伸性能相同。     

锦葵纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料力学性能研究

分别制备了锦葵纤维含量为10 %（质量分数,下同）、20 %、30 %、40 %和50 %的锦葵纤维增强增强聚丙烯基复合材料,研究了纤维含量对该复合材料拉伸性能和弯曲性能的影响,并与苎麻纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料进行了对比。结果表明,随着锦葵纤维含量的增加,锦葵纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量逐渐增加,而弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当纤维含量为40 %时达最大值;纤维含量均为30 %时,除拉伸弹性模量外,锦葵纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料的各项指标均低于苎麻纤维增强聚丙烯基复合材料。     

剑麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能研究

本文介绍了剑麻纤维(SF)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料的制备方法，测定了不同纤维长度下．采用不同PP含量复合材料的无缺口冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量．并借助扫描电子显微镜对SF/PP复合材料的无缺口冲击破坏断口进行观察。结果表明，在一定范围内增加纤维长度和降低基体含量有利于复合材料力学性能的提高。     

麻纤维增强完全可降解复合材料的制备及性能研究

以亚麻落麻纤维、聚乳酸纤维为原料,采用非织造结合模压成型工艺制备了完全可降解复合材料.研究了增强纤维体积分数及纤维长度对复合材料弯曲、冲击性能的影响,采用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了复合材料中纤维与树脂之间的界面结合状况.结果表明:材料的弯曲、冲击强度均随纤维长度的增加而增大,当纤维长度为72mm时,体积分数为40%的材料具有最好的弯曲性能,纵横向弯曲强度分别为55.15、42.02MPa;体积分数为50%的材料具有最好的冲击性能,纵横向冲击强度分别为19.714、14.012kJ/m2;裁切断口处的SEM表明增强纤维与基体树脂之间存有一定数量的空隙,两相之间的界面结合强度有待进一步改善.     

黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂初步研究

以油酸为偶联剂,将氢氧化钠-油酸处理后的黄麻纤维布作为填充材料制备了不饱和聚酯复合材料,并对氢氧化钠处理黄麻纤维的适宜浓度、复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、吸水率进行了研究测试。结果表明:氢氧化钠的适宜浓度为20%,黄麻纤维增强不饱和聚酯树脂的冲击强度及拉伸强度最大值分别为12.75 kJ/m2和33.05 MPa,复合材料的最大吸水率为4.07%。经油酸处理的黄麻纤维可有效提高不饱和聚酯复合材料的性能。     

纱罗网格织物增强PP/黄麻复合材料力学性能

为了进一步提升天然纤维非织造布增强复合材料的力学性能以及可设计性,以纱罗网格织物作为加强筋,覆盖于聚丙烯（PP）/黄麻非织造布表面,采用模压成型工艺制备纱罗网格织物增强PP/黄麻复合材料（LRPJC）。研究了LRPJC的拉伸性能、弯曲性能以及冲击性能,探讨了其能量吸收机理。采用扫描电子显微镜和超景深三维显微系统观察复合材料的断面,分析了LRPJC的损伤机理。研究结果表明,LRPJC的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量分别为43.09 MPa和5.02 GPa,比未加筋的PP/黄麻复合材料（PJC）的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量分别提高了7%和20.67%。LRPJC的弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别为71.13 MPa和6.60 GPa,比PJC的弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别提高了18.87%和23.33%。与PJC在拉伸和弯曲过程中的能量吸收相比,LRPJC拉伸过程中能量吸收和弯曲过程中能量吸收分别为124.64 kJ/m²和8.51 kJ/m²,分别提高了65.97%和135.45%。LRPJC的冲击强度与PJC相比提高了141.17%。动态热机械测试结果显示,随...     

聚丙烯/剑麻纤维复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/剑麻纤维(SF)复合材料,用扫描电镜和力学性能测试等方法研究了复合材料的结构和性能,探讨了SF长度和用量对复合材料力学性能和熔体流动性的影响。结果表明:SF的加入可降低PP/SF复合材料的冲击强度和熔体流动速率;SF以6 mm长度为宜;随着SF用量的增加,PP/SF复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均呈先增大后减小的趋势,当SF用量为15%时,PP/SF复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度最高,分别为39.7和30.2 MPa,冲击强度为2.6 kJ/m~2,熔体流动速率为1.3 g/10min。     

长玻纤增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能比较

采用自主开发的在线混合设备制备了LFT-PP。研究了LFT-PP中纤维用量对纤维长度的影响，并与短纤维、纤维毡增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能进行了对比。结果发现，LFT-PP中，纤维长度在7～10mm之间。低纤维用量时，纤维长度基本相同；高纤维用量时，由于纤维／纤维之间的相互作用，纤维长度降低。与SGF—PP和GMT-PP比较，除了拉伸强度略低于GMT—PP，冲击强度接近于GMT—PP，LFT—PP的其他力学性能如弯曲强度、模量都较好。     

黄麻纤维接枝聚醚增强UP复合材料研究

采用经过氢氧化钠和甲苯二异氰酸酯-聚醚二元醇(TDI-PPG)表面处理的黄麻纤维织物作为增强体,以191#通用不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)作为基体,通过模压成型的方法制备了黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料。傅立叶变换红外光谱及X射线光电子能谱分析表明,TDI-PPG接枝于黄麻纤维上;通过热分析确定了复合材料的加工温度为160℃,根据生产经验确定成型压力为2 MPa;用短梁弯曲法测试了黄麻纤维接枝前、后UP复合材料的层间剪切强度,后者大于前者;随着黄麻纤维体积分数的增加,接枝黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料的力学性能得到提高,当黄麻纤维体积分数为54.44%时,接枝黄麻纤维增强UP复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为112.31 MPa,109.32 MPa和14.85 k J/m2。     

Mechanical properties of surface modified jute fiber/polypropylene nonwoven composites

In this study, the jute/polypropylene nonwoven reinforced composites were prepared using film stacking method. The surface of jute fibers was modified using alkali treatment. These alkali treated jute fiber nonwoven composites were analyzed for their tensile and flexural properties. Increasing the amount of jute fibers in the nonwovens has improved the mechanical properties of their composites. The effect of stacking sequence of preferentially and nonpreferentially aligned nonwovens within the composites was also investigated. The flexural and tensile moduli of composites were found to be significantly enhanced when nonwovens consisting of preferentially and nonpreferentially aligned jute fibers were stacked in an alternate manner. The existing theoretical models of tensile modulus of fiber reinforced composites have been analyzed for predicting the tensile modulus of nonwoven composites. In general, a good agreement was obtained between the experimental and theoretical results of tensile modulus of nonwoven composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1044–1050, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Study on mechanical properties of powder impregnated glass fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) by injection molding at various temperatures

The prepreg of continuous glass fiber reinforced poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) was prepared using the powder impregnation technique and cut into the pellets, in which the length of glass fibers was the same as the pellets. After injection molding, the mechanical properties were tested and the effects of the pellet length, fiber content, and thermal treatment on the mechanical properties at different temperatures were studied. It is found that the tensile strength and flexural strength of 6‐mm pellet sample are slightly higher than that of 3‐ and 12‐mm pellet samples. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus decrease significantly with increasing the temperature. The notched Izod impact strength at 85ºC is higher than both at 25ºC and 205ºC. At 205ºC, the glass fiber reinforced PPS composites can still keep better mechanical properties. When the fiber content ranges from 0 to 50%, the mechanical properties increase with increasing the fiber contents at different temperatures, except the notched Izod impact strength do not further increase at 145 and 205ºC with raising the fiber content from 40 to 50%. Thermal treatment could improve the mechanical properties of the composites at higher serving temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

亚麻/聚丙烯复合材料的成型工艺和拉伸性能研究

本文探讨了亚麻/聚丙烯纤维复合材料的制备工艺和拉伸性能.对亚麻纤维含量分别为30%、40%、50%、60%、70%的复合材料进行比较,分析增强纤维含量对复合材料拉伸性能的影响;对模压温度分别为150℃、160℃、170℃、180℃、190℃的复合材料进行比较,分析模压温度对复合材料拉伸性能的影响,最后确定模压温度及亚麻/聚丙烯纤维的混合比.     

Mechanical Properties of Long Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyolefin Composites

Mechanical properties and fracture morphology for long glass fiber-reinforced-polyolefin composites and their blends were investigated. The properties like tensile, flexural, and impact strength of the composites at low temperature increased considerably and elongation at break reduced visibly with increase of glass fiber contents. Impact strength at room temperature was an exception, and impact strength of the composites was higher than that of impact polypropylene copolymer. The results are caused by interaction of rubber phase and amorphous parts in impact polypropylene copolymer. Extraction or fracture for glass fiber in the composites consumed more impact energy, which means they have higher impact strength.     

挤出-注塑制备黄麻增强PLA复合材料及其性能

通过挤出共混、造粒、注射成型的方式制备了黄麻纤维填充聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料,研究了复合材料的力学性能以及黄麻与PLA之间的微观界面形貌。结果表明:黄麻的加入,并没有很好地改善黄麻/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度;碱处理后的黄麻与PLA之间的界面性能有所改善;碱处理黄麻的加入,改善了黄麻/PLA复合材料的断裂伸长率与冲击韧性。     

Impact modification of polypropylene‐based composites using surface‐coated waste rubber crumbs

Blends of maleated polypropylene (MAPP) with high contents of waste rubber powder, namely ground tire rubber and waste ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) powder, were used as impact modifiers for polypropylene (PP) based composites with different reinforcements (hemp, talc, and milled glass fiber). Adding reinforcements led to increase in modulus (tensile, flexural, and torsion moduli) of PP, while its impact strength decreased noticeably. Impact modification of PP‐based composites was successfully performed via inclusion of MAPP/waste rubber compounds, especially compounds containing waste EPDM powder. Inclusion of such impact modifiers increased impact strength of composites over 80%. The effects of impact modification were more significant for hemp‐ and glass‐filled composites compared to composites containing talc. However, slight decrease in tensile, flexural, and torsion moduli (up to 30%) of the composites was also observed after inclusion of impact modifiers. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:2280–2289, 2014. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Effect of macromolecular coupling agent on the property of PP/GF composites

Silane‐grafted polypropylene manufactured by a reactive grafting process was used as the coupling agent in polypropylene/glass‐fiber composites to improve the interaction of the interfacial regions. Polypropylene reinforced with 30% by weight of short glass fibers was injection‐molded and the mechanical behaviors were investigated. The results indicate that the mechanical properties (tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Izod impact strength) of the composite increased remarkably as compared with the noncoupled glass fiber/polypropylene. SEM of the fracture surfaces of the coupled composites shows a good adhesion at the fiber/matrix interface: The fibers are coated with matrix polymer, and a matrix transition region exists near the fibers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 1537–1542, 1999     

硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强聚丙烯的力学性能

采用硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强聚丙烯,研究了硅灰石的含量,玻璃纤维毡的面密度、基体树脂的性质及界面改性等对材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：采用硅灰石与连续玻璃纤维毡组合增强,可提高复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度及模量,但过高的硅灰石含量,会导致拉伸及弯曲强度下降,材料的力学性能随着所用玻璃纤维毡面密度的增大而显著提高,采用偶联剂对硅灰石进行处理及在基体聚丙烯中添加功能化聚丙烯,可改善界面结合、提高材料性能,随着功能化聚丙烯含量的增加,材料的拉伸、弯曲强度及模量有所提高,但含量过高时,会引起材料冲击强度的下降;组合增强材料的性能与基体树脂本身的力学性能密切相关,同时还受基体树脂熔体流动性的影响。     

Effects of methyl methacrylate grafting and polyamide coating on the interfacial behavior and mechanical properties of jute‐fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composites

In recent years, environmentally friendly materials have become popular because of the growing environmental demands in human society. Natural fibers are now widely used as reinforcements in polymer matrix composites for their various advantages such as low cost, light weight, abundant resources, and biodegradability. However, the applications of these kinds of composites are limited because of their unsatisfactory mechanical properties, which are caused by the poor interfacial compatibility between the fibers and the thermoplastic matrix. In this paper, three methods, including (i) alkali treatment, (ii) alkali and methyl methacrylate (MMA) treatment, and (iii) alkali and polyamide (PA) treatment (APT), were used to treat jute fibers and improve the interfacial adhesion of jute‐fiber‐reinforced polypropylene (PP) composites (JPCs). The mechanical properties of the JPCs were tested, and their impact fracture surfaces were observed. Infrared spectral analysis showed that MMA was grafted and that PA was coated onto the surface of jute fibers. Mechanical tests indicated that the three kinds of pretreated composites presented better mechanical properties than untreated composites. Among them, the APT composite had the best comprehensive properties. Compared with untreated composites, the tensile strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus of APT composite were increased by 24.8, 31.3, and 28.4%, respectively. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that better interfacial compatibility between jute fibers and PP occured in this kind of composite. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers