Brain-computer interface research at the University of South Florida Cognitive Psychophysiology Laboratory: the P300 Speller.

We describe current efforts to implement and improve P300-BCI communication tools. The P300 Speller first described by Farwell and Donchin (in 1988) adapted the so-called oddball paradigm (OP) as the operating principle of the brain-computer interface (BCI) and was the first P300-BCI. The system operated by briefly intensifying each row and column of a matrix and the attended row and column elicited a P300 response. This paradigm has been the benchmark in P300-BCI systems, and in the past few years the P300 Speller paradigm has been solidified as a promising communication tool. While promising, we have found that some people who have amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) would be better suited with a system that has a limited number of choices, particularly if the 6 x 6 matrix is difficult to use. Therefore, we used the OP to implement a four-choice system using the commands: Yes, No, Pass, and End; we also used three presentation modes: auditory, visual, and auditory and visual. We summarize results from both paradigms and also discuss obstacles we have identified while working with the ALS population outside of the laboratory environment.     

Brain-computer interface research at the Wadsworth Center.

Studies at the Wadsworth Center over the past 14 years have shown that people with or without motor disabilities can learn to control the amplitude of mu or beta rhythms in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity recorded from the scalp over sensorimotor cortex and can use that control to move a cursor on a computer screen in one or two dimensions. This EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI) could provide a new augmentative communication technology for those who are totally paralyzed or have other severe motor impairments. Present research focuses on improving the speed and accuracy of BCI communication.     

EEG based BCI-towards a better control. Brain-computer interface research at Aalborg University.

This paper summarizes the brain-computer interface (BCI)-related research being conducted at Aalborg University. Namely, an online synchronized BCI system using steady-state visual evoked potentials, and investigations on cortical modulation of movement-related parameters are presented.     

Brain-computer interface research at the Neil Squire Foundation.

The ultimate goal of our research is to utilize voluntary motor-related potentials recorded from the scalp in a direct Brain Computer Interface for asynchronous control applications. This type of interface will allow an individual with a high-level impairment to have effective and sophisticated control of devices such as wheelchairs, robotic assistive appliances, computers, and neural prostheses.     

Computer engineering at the University of Illinois atUrbana-Champaign

At the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the computer engineering curriculum is offered by the large, research-oriented Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering. The curriculum features a strong foundation in electrical engineering, an appropriate balance of computer hardware and software topics, a sequence of increasingly sophisticated design experiences, and a wide variety of electives. During the 20 years of its existence, the curriculum has undergone numerous minor changes, and further continual improvements are expected     

Brain-computer communication: motivation, aim, and impact of exploring a virtual apartment.

The step away from a synchronized or cue-based brain-computer interface (BCI) and from laboratory conditions towards real world applications is very important and crucial in BCI research. This work shows that ten naive subjects can be trained in a synchronous paradigm within three sessions to navigate freely through a virtual apartment, whereby at every junction the subjects could decide by their own, how they wanted to explore the virtual environment (VE). This virtual apartment was designed similar to a real world application, with a goal-oriented task, a high mental workload, and a variable decision period for the subject. All subjects were able to perform long and stable motor imagery over a minimum time of 2 s. Using only three electroencephalogram (EEG) channels to analyze these imaginations, we were able to convert them into navigation commands. Additionally, it could be demonstrated that motivation is a very crucial factor in BCI research; motivated subjects perform much better than unmotivated ones.     

Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the first international meeting.

Over the past decade, many laboratories have begun to explore brain-computer interface (BCI) technology as a radically new communication option for those with neuromuscular impairments that prevent them from using conventional augmentative communication methods. BCI's provide these users with communication channels that do not depend on peripheral nerves and muscles. This article summarizes the first international meeting devoted to BCI research and development. Current BCI's use electroencephalographic (EEG) activity recorded at the scalp or single-unit activity recorded from within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate a neuroprosthesis. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI which recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCI's have maximum information transfer rates of 5-25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy depends on improvements in signal processing, translation algorithms, and user training. These improvements depend on increased interdisciplinary cooperation between neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective methods for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology depends on the development of appropriate applications, identification of appropriate user groups, and careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users. BCI research and development will also benefit from greater emphasis on peer-reviewed publications, and from adoption of standard venues for presentations and discussion.     

15 years of BCI research at Graz University of Technology: current projects.

Over the last 15 years, the Graz Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) has been developed and all components such as feature extraction and classification, mode of operation, mental strategy, and type of feedback have been investigated. Recent projects deal with the development of asynchronous BCIs, the presentation of feedback and applications for communication and control.     

建筑装饰材料变形的计算机视觉检测系统

以墙地砖为例 ,以计算机视觉理论为基础 ,采用计算机图象处理技术 ,研究了建筑装饰材料变形的自动检测和识别关键技术 ,并编制了该软件系统     

运动视觉处理SOC可测性设计与实现

在设计运动视觉处理SOC时,本文中采用了基于IP的结构,虽然有设计方法先进、可复用等优点,但也使得SOC复杂性增加,也加大了系统芯片内部的数据通路完整性、IP和处理器等的测试难度.本文采用了基于IEEE P1500的测试框架结构以及BIST方法对此SOC以及其中的IP进行可测性设计的方法,有效地改善了整个SOC的测试性能,提高了SOC的可靠性.仿真试验的结果说明了其测试的有效性.     

The Application of the Digital Computer in the Control Systems Laboratory

Particularly in undergraduate courses in Control Systems, students are introduced to the three main design criteria, Root Locus, Frequency Response, and Transient Response. These methods are normally applied to analysis rather than synthesis or design due to this type of problem having an easier solution and the lack of student time to attempt the latter type of problem. With this problem in mind a number of computer programs were written to remove the main labor of computation involved in these trial-and-error methods of design. Furthermore, graphical output was provided since this gives the student a better picture of what is happening than does a list of figures. Though the programs were written for an IBM 1620, the flow diagrams are applicable to any similar computer having a FORTRAN processor. The graphical plots were programmed for a 407 off-line printer since a plotter was not available.     

建筑装饰材料尺寸偏差的计算机视觉检测系统

以墙地砖等建筑装饰材料为研究对象 ,以计算机视觉理论为基础 ,采用计算机图象处理技术 ,研究了墙地砖等建筑装饰材料尺寸偏差自动检测和识别的关键技术 ,并编制了该软件系统。     

小型多用途教学实验室建设--重庆大学建筑城规学院建筑照明实验室

本文对一个小型建筑照明实验室的建设目的、内容、使用效果进行了介绍,以提供高校小型创新实验室建设思路.     

多媒体测试技术的研究

提出了一种以多媒体工业控制机进行信息实时采集及处理的方法，利用多媒体工业控制机对电机的相电压、线电流、转速等信号进行实时采集、存储并对其进行信息处理，同时利用多媒体功能，可以随时对现场声音信号进行记录和对视频图像进行捕获，并与采集的电压、电流、转速等信号数据形成一个综合数据文件，然后由信息处理软件处理，并给出实测波形。     

省级计算机技术基础示范实验室建设的探索与实践

本文根据培养高素质应用型计算机人才的教学定位,以湖南省级计算机技术基础示范实验室建设项目为依托,以实验教学改革为核心,提出了示范实验室建设的思路与目标,阐述了"233"实验教学体系、5门独立实验课及相应实验项目,介绍了自主开发的集管理,实验、资源于一体的实验教学平台.经过3年的探索与实践,示范实验室建设举措初见成效,建成的实验室特色明显,取得了较为显著的成绩,有一定示范性和辐射作用.     

Progress in high field MRI at the University of Florida.

In this article we report on progress in high magnetic field MRI at the University of Florida in support of our new 750MHz wide bore and 11.7T/40cm MR instruments. The primary emphasis is on the associated rf technology required, particularly high frequency volume and phased array coils. Preliminary imaging results at 750MHz are presented. Our results imply that the pursuit of even higher fields seems warranted.     

基于计算机视觉的垃圾塑料瓶识别与定位算法研究

针对当前垃圾分拣算法对废旧塑料瓶检测效率低、环境受限和仅限于颜色识别等问题,提出了一种有效的垃圾塑料瓶识别与定位方法,以采集高像素图像为基础提取原始图片,通过YOLOv3算法的浅层增强特征将图片中目标进行一系列卷积获得不同的特征,并输入各检测分支进行检测,将不同尺度特征图经过K-means聚类算法做锚框处理,利用位置预...     

Computational electromagnetics in education at the University ofBradford, England

The incorporation of high-frequency computational electromagnetics into courses on antennas and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is reviewed. The lecture material consists of an overview of the main techniques, plus a deeper treatment of the method of moments and the planar near-to-far-field transformation method. Class exercises using moment-method software are possible in the Master of Science course. For the lecturer, and for students with a deeper interest in the area, the greatest benefit is undoubtedly obtained from dissertation projects which permit an extended study of some problem. These are usually chosen to have some element of novelty, and hence frequently produce some useful research return